Tongji University

About: Tongji University is a education organization based out in Shanghai, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Population. The organization has 76116 authors who have published 81176 publications receiving 1248911 citations. The organization is also known as: Tongji & Tóngjì Dàxué.

Inward lithium-ion breathing of hierarchically porous silicon anodes.

Abstract: Silicon has been identified as a highly promising anode for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The key challenge for Si anodes is large volume change during the lithiation/delithiation cycle that results in chemomechanical degradation and subsequent rapid capacity fading. Here we report a novel fabrication method for hierarchically porous Si nanospheres (hp-SiNSs), which consist of a porous shell and a hollow core. On charge/discharge cycling, the hp-SiNSs accommodate the volume change through reversible inward Li breathing with negligible particle-level outward expansion. Our mechanics analysis revealed that such inward expansion is enabled by the much stiffer lithiated layer than the unlithiated porous layer. LIBs assembled with the hp-SiNSs exhibit high capacity, high power and long cycle life, which is superior to the current commercial Si-based anode materials. The low-cost synthesis approach provides a new avenue for the rational design of hierarchically porous structures with unique materials properties.

Preparation and properties of biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate- co -terephthalate) blend with glycidyl methacrylate as reactive processing agent

Abstract: Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) were melt-blended in the presence of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) by twin-screw extrusion. The physical properties, phase morphology, thermal properties, and melt rheological behavior of the blends were investigated by tensile tests, Charpy impact tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and advanced rheology expended system (ARES). With 2 or 5 wt% GMA, the tensile toughness of the PLA/PBAT blend was greatly increased without severe loss in tensile strength. The impact strength of the blend was also significantly improved at 1 wt% of GMA addition but ultimately trended to be saturated with increasing GMA. SEM micrographs revealed that better miscibility and more shear yielding mechanism were involved in the toughening of the blend. DSC results indicated that the blend is still a two-phase system in the presence of reaction agent and the addition of GMA was found to enhance the interfacial adhesion between PLA and PBAT. Rheological results revealed that the addition of T-GMA increased the storage moduli (G′), loss moduli (G′′) and complex viscosity of the blends at nearly all frequencies. The decreased shear-thinning tendency of the blends in the presence of T-GMA also implied improved melt stability during processing.

Driving-Style-Based Codesign Optimization of an Automated Electric Vehicle: A Cyber-Physical System Approach

Abstract: This paper studies the codesign optimization approach to determine how to optimally adapt automatic control of an intelligent electric vehicle to driving styles. A cyber-physical system (CPS)-based framework is proposed for codesign optimization of the plant and controller parameters for an automated electric vehicle, in view of vehicle's dynamic performance, drivability, and energy along with different driving styles. System description, requirements, constraints, optimization objectives, and methodology are investigated. Driving style recognition algorithm is developed using unsupervised machine learning and validated via vehicle experiments. Adaptive control algorithms are designed for three driving styles with different protocol selections. Performance exploration method is presented. Parameter optimizations are implemented based on the defined objective functions. Test results show that an automated vehicle with optimized plant and controller can perform its tasks well under aggressive, moderate, and conservative driving styles, further improving the overall performance. The results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed CPS-based codesign optimization approach.

Emerging roles and the regulation of aerobic glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Abstract: Liver cancer has become the sixth most diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is responsible for up to 75–85% of primary liver cancers, and sorafenib is the first targeted drug for advanced HCC treatment. However, sorafenib resistance is common because of the resultant enhancement of aerobic glycolysis and other molecular mechanisms. Aerobic glycolysis was firstly found in HCC, acts as a hallmark of liver cancer and is responsible for the regulation of proliferation, immune evasion, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance in HCC. The three rate-limiting enzymes in the glycolytic pathway, including hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1), and pyruvate kinases type M2 (PKM2) play an important role in the regulation of aerobic glycolysis in HCC and can be regulated by many mechanisms, such as the AMPK, PI3K/Akt pathway, HIF-1α, c-Myc and noncoding RNAs. Because of the importance of aerobic glycolysis in the progression of HCC, targeting key factors in its pathway such as the inhibition of HK2, PFK or PKM2, represent potential new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of HCC.