Tongji University

About: Tongji University is a education organization based out in Shanghai, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Population. The organization has 76116 authors who have published 81176 publications receiving 1248911 citations. The organization is also known as: Tongji & Tóngjì Dàxué.

Microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids promote Th1 cell IL-10 production to maintain intestinal homeostasis

Abstract: T-cells are crucial in maintanence of intestinal homeostasis, however, it is still unclear how microbiota metabolites regulate T-effector cells. Here we show gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) promote microbiota antigen-specific Th1 cell IL-10 production, mediated by G-protein coupled receptors 43 (GPR43). Microbiota antigen-specific Gpr43−/− CBir1 transgenic (Tg) Th1 cells, specific for microbiota antigen CBir1 flagellin, induce more severe colitis compared with wide type (WT) CBir1 Tg Th1 cells in Rag−/− recipient mice. Treatment with SCFAs limits colitis induction by promoting IL-10 production, and administration of anti-IL-10R antibody promotes colitis development. Mechanistically, SCFAs activate Th1 cell STAT3 and mTOR, and consequently upregulate transcription factor B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein 1 (Blimp-1), which mediates SCFA-induction of IL-10. SCFA-treated Blimp1−/− Th1 cells produce less IL-10 and induce more severe colitis compared to SCFA-treated WT Th1 cells. Our studies, thus, provide insight into how microbiota metabolites regulate Th1 cell functions to maintain intestinal homeostasis. T cells play a critical role in intestinal homeostasis, with increasing evidence suggesting a role for the microbiome metabolome in modulating this response. Here the authors show short-chain fatty acids promote IL-10 production in Th1 cells.

Oxygen-Self-Produced Nanoplatform for Relieving Hypoxia and Breaking Resistance to Sonodynamic Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract: Hypoxia as one characteristic hallmark of solid tumors has been demonstrated to be involved in cancer metastasis and progression, induce severe resistance to oxygen-dependent therapies, and hamper the transportation of theranostic agents. To address these issues, an oxygen-self-produced sonodynamic therapy (SDT) nanoplatform involving a modified fluorocarbon (FC)-chain-mediated oxygen delivery protocol has been established to realize highly efficient SDT against hypoxic pancreatic cancer. In this nanoplatform, mesopores and FC chains of FC-chain-functionalized hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticle carriers can provide sufficient storage capacity and binding sites for sonosensitizers (IR780) and oxygen, respectively. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate the nanoplatform involving this distinctive oxygen delivery protocol indeed breaks the hypoxia-specific transportation barriers, supplies sufficient oxygen to hypoxic PANC-1 cells especially upon exposure to ultrasound irradiation, and relieves hypoxia. Consequently, hypoxia-induced resistance to SDT is inhibited and sufficient highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced to kill PANC-1 cells and shrink hypoxic PANC-1 pancreatic cancer. This distinctive FC-chain-mediated oxygen delivery method provides an avenue to hypoxia oxygenation and holds great potential in mitigating hypoxia-induced resistance to those oxygen-depleted therapies, e.g., photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

Efficient degradation of high concentration azo-dye wastewater by heterogeneous Fenton process with iron-based metal-organic framework

Abstract: A novel iron-based metal-organic framework, possessing high surface area and good catalytic activity, was proposed as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for degrading high concentration methylene blue ( C MB = 500 ppm). The morphology and physicochemical properties of prepared catalysts were characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, Raman spectra, etc. The obtained results showed that MOF-based catalysts MIL-100(Fe) and Fe II @MIL-100(Fe) possess high surface area of 1646 and 1228 m 2 g −1 , respectively. The MB removal though adsorption by MIL-100(Fe) and Fe II @MIL-100(Fe) is respectively 27 and 6% in 30 min, due to the electrostatic interaction between negative (or positive) adsorbent and positive pollutant. However, Fe II @MIL-100(Fe) exhibited highest Fenton catalytic ability compared to MIL-100(Fe) and Fe 2 O 3 catalysts. The catalytic activity of each active site, evaluated by the turn over frequency (TOF) value, varied in the order of Fe II @MIL-100(Fe) > MIL-100(Fe) > Fe 2 O 3 . The main role of determining the decomposition efficiency, i.e., hydroxyl radical ( OH) generation, surface redox properties and surface reaction, was greatly enhanced by the synergistic effect between Fe II and Fe III in Fe II @MIL-100(Fe). Moreover, iron-based metal-organic framework retained the catalytic performance in a wide pH range of 3–8, and had a relative low iron leaching even in acidic condition.