Tongji University

About: Tongji University is a education organization based out in Shanghai, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Population. The organization has 76116 authors who have published 81176 publications receiving 1248911 citations. The organization is also known as: Tongji & Tóngjì Dàxué.

Biomimetic and Bioinspired Synthesis of Nanomaterials/Nanostructures.

Abstract: In recent years, due to its unparalleled advantages, the biomimetic and bioinspired synthesis of nanomaterials/nanostructures has drawn increasing interest and attention. Generally, biomimetic synthesis can be conducted either by mimicking the functions of natural materials/structures or by mimicking the biological processes that organisms employ to produce substances or materials. Biomimetic synthesis is therefore divided here into "functional biomimetic synthesis" and "process biomimetic synthesis". Process biomimetic synthesis is the focus of this review. First, the above two terms are defined and their relationship is discussed. Next different levels of biological processes that can be used for process biomimetic synthesis are compiled. Then the current progress of process biomimetic synthesis is systematically summarized and reviewed from the following five perspectives: i) elementary biomimetic system via biomass templates, ii) high-level biomimetic system via soft/hard-combined films, iii) intelligent biomimetic systems via liquid membranes, iv) living-organism biomimetic systems, and v) macromolecular bioinspired systems. Moreover, for these five biomimetic systems, the synthesis procedures, basic principles, and relationships are discussed, and the challenges that are encountered and directions for further development are considered.

Two-Dimensional Tantalum Carbide (MXenes) Composite Nanosheets for Multiple Imaging-Guided Photothermal Tumor Ablation

Abstract: MXenes, an emerging family of graphene-analogues two-dimensional (2D) materials, have attracted continuous and tremendous attention in many application fields because of their intrinsic physiochemical properties and high performance in versatile applications. In this work, we report on the construction of tantalum carbide (Ta4C3) MXene-based composite nanosheets for multiple imaging-guided photothermal tumor ablation, which has been achieved by rational choice of the composition of MXenes and their surface functionalization. A redox reaction was activated on the surface of tantalum carbide (Ta4C3) MXene for in situ growth of manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnOx/Ta4C3) based on the reducing surface of the nanosheets. The tantalum components of MnOx/Ta4C3 acted as the high-performance contrast agents for contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and the integrated MnOx component functionalized as the tumor microenvironment-responsive contrast agents for T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. The photothermal-conversion performance of MnOx/Ta4C3 composite nanosheets not only has achieved contrast-enhanced photoacoustic imaging, but also realized the significant tumor-growth suppression by photothermal hyperthermia. This work broadens the biomedical applications of MXenes, not only by the fabrication of family members of biocompatible MXenes, but also by the development of functionalization strategies of MXenes for cancer-theranostic applications.

Fracture modeling using meshless methods and level sets in 3D: Framework and modeling

Abstract: SUMMARY In 3D fracture modeling, the complexity of the evolving crack geometry during propagation raises challenges in stress analysis because the accuracy of results mainly relies on the accurate description of the crack geometry. In this paper, a numerical framework is developed for 3D fracture modeling where a meshless method, the element-free Galerkin method, is used for stress analysis and level sets are used accurately to describe and capture crack evolution. In this framework, a simple and general formulation for associating the displacement jump in the field approximation with an arbitrary 3D curved crack surface is proposed. For accurate closure of the crack front, a tying procedure is extended to 3D from its original use in 2D in the previous paper by the authors. The benefits of level sets in improving the results accuracy and reducing the computational cost are explored, particularly in the model refinement and the confinement of the displacement jump. Issues arising in level sets updating are discussed and solutions proposed accordingly. The developed framework is validated with a number of 3D crack examples with reference solutions and shows strong potential for general 3D fracture modeling. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Two-dimensional nanomaterial-based field-effect transistors for chemical and biological sensing

Abstract: Meeting the increasing demand for sensors with high sensitivity, high selectivity, and rapid detection presents many challenges In the last decade, electronic sensors based on field-effect transistors (FETs) have been widely studied due to their high sensitivity, rapid detection, and simple test procedure Among these sensors, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial-based FET sensors have been demonstrated with tremendous potential for the detection of a wide range of analytes which is attributed to the unique structural and electronic properties of 2D nanomaterials This comprehensive review discusses the recent progress in graphene-, 2D transition metal dichalcogenide-, and 2D black phosphorus-based FET sensors, with an emphasis on rapid and low-concentration detection of gases, biomolecules, and water contaminants