Showing papers by "Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies published in 1985"

Toward a More Human Science of the Person

Abstract: This article grew out of my concern that humanistic psychology is having relatively little impact on mainstream psychology in the United States. The major reason seems to be the lack of significant humanistically oriented research. Humanistic psychologists have been dissatisfied with the logical-positivism that is traditional in experimental psychology. I, and others, have for many years insisted on the need for new models of science. To my surprise and delight, a surge of new books and articles in the past five years has been supplying those new models, and I briefly describe a number of them. They all agree that the mechanistic operationalism is one mode of gaining new knowlege, but only one. Under various labels they present new ways, all based on an "indwelling" of the investigator in the feelings, attitudes, and perceptions of those being studied and in the data collected. There is clearly no one best method for all investigations. One must choose the means or model best adapted to the particular que...

Of Myths and Monkeys A Critical Look at a Theory of Critical Mass

Abstract: This article discusses the so-called Hundredth Monkey Phenomenon that has been used to support a theory of critical mass in human group consciousness Discussed are the actual studies of macaque behavior transmission and how they have been misrepresented In considering some of the factors contributing to this story's currency in human potential circles, I have explored pseudoscience and its contradictions, ambivalence toward established science, and the lack of adequate grounds for appraisal of scientific claims The Hundredth Monkey Phenomenon is described as a bad myth that compares poorly with the powerful sustaining myth of the human potential movement, ie, a belief in the possibility of a world composed of free, responsible, creative, rational persons participating together in the creation of a humane, pluralistic, global community

Facile synthesis of beta -hydroxy- beta -methylglutaric acid

Abstract: beta -Hydroxy- beta -methylglutaric acid is prepared by treating 3-methyl-1,3,5-pentanetriol in aqueous media with a permanganate salt.

Regulatory function of Thy-1-negative cells: V. A lymphokine of B cell origin (BEF) induces in vitro high antibody response in genetically selected low responder mice.

Abstract: SUMMARY Studies were conducted on two lines of mice genetically selected, respectively, for high (AB/H) and low (AB/L) antibody production, in order to identify the mechanism by which genes involved in the selection express their functions. It was found that B cell-derived enhancing factor (BEF), a lymphokine of B cell origin which acts on T cells by preventing the activation of suppressor cells, is effective in inducing high responses in low responder mice, whereas it is ineffective in modulating antibody production in high responder mice. As a result, no difference was found between the responses of AB/H and AB/L mice when spleen cells were stimulated in vitro in the presence of BEF. AB/H and AB/L mice do not seem to differ in their B cell functions since no difference was found in the capacity of B cells of either line to synthesize antibodies in the presence of T cell-replacing factor (TRF), or to produce endogeneous BEF. These data indicate that, at least in vitro, the character of general responsiveness of these two mouse lines mainly reflects differential reactivity of T suppressor cells. Since the two lines represent, respectively, the maximal and minimal responsiveness of an outbred population of animals, it is suggested that the individual difference in abtibody response is related to individual differences of T suppressor cells in responding to the immunogen.