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Showing papers by "Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies published in 1989"



Journal ArticleDOI
17 Nov 1989-Cell
TL;DR: The findings suggest that the specialized amino-terminal domains of other members of the src family of intracellular tyrosine kinases may also mediate transmembrane signaling via coupling to the cytoplasmic domains of specific trans Membrane proteins.

329 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
06 Oct 1989-Science
TL;DR: The data indicate the importance of single residues in defining peptide epitopic specificity and have implications for both the effect of immune pressure on selection of viral mutants and the design of effective vaccines.
Abstract: For the IIIB isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), the immunodominant determinant of the envelope protein gp160 for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) of H-2d mice is in a region of high sequence variability among HIV-1 isolates. The general requirements for CTL recognition of peptide antigens and the relation of recognition requirements to the natural variation in sequence of the HIV were investigated. For this purpose, a CTL line specific for the homologous segment of the envelope from the MN isolate of HIV-1 and restricted by the same class I major histocompatibility (MHC) molecule (Dd) as the IIIB-specific CTLs was raised from mice immunized with MN-env-recombinant vaccinia virus. The IIIB-specific and MN-specific CTLs were completely non-cross-reactive. Reciprocal exchange of a single amino acid between the two peptide sequences, which differed in 6 of 15 residues, led to a complete reversal of the specificity of the peptides in sensitizing targets, such that the IIIB-specific CTLs lysed targets exposed to the singly substituted MN peptide and vice versa. These data indicate the importance of single residues in defining peptide epitopic specificity and have implications for both the effect of immune pressure on selection of viral mutants and the design of effective vaccines.

185 citations


ComponentDOI
TL;DR: An atomic model of 43,692 non-hydrogen atoms has been determined for the 12-subunit enzyme glutamine synthetase from Salmonella typhimurium, by methods of x-ray diffraction including restrained least-squares atomic refinement against 65,223 unique reflections.

143 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The idiotype network concept needs to be revised in order to be in agreement with current data on protein/protein interactions, with the phenomenon of T and B cell recognition of idiotopes, and with the failure of certain anti-idiotypes to stimulate a given immune response.

57 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Lactate oxidase was purified from cells of Aerococcusviridans by a procedure which utilized ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE Sepharose CL-6B chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 chromatography.

40 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that the dextran sulfate complexes neutrophil granule cationic proteins, thus preventing neutrophIL-mediated permeability increase, is responsible for the reduction in venular leakage of macromolecules induced by LTB4.

35 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Direct immobilization of MHC antigens, and probably other membrane proteins, provides an effective approach to the study of T cell recognition and triggering by physiological ligands.

33 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The amount of total PCNA does not change appreciably during oocyte maturation and the subsequent stages of egg cleavage, indicating that PCNA belongs to a class of proteins which are stockpiled during oogenesis in order to be utilized later for early embryogenesis.

30 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a measure of multivariate kurtosis suggested from Mardia's measure of multiivariate skewness b 1,p, and examined its relationship both to Mardian's measure, and to a smooth test of multi-ivariate kurotis U 4 2
Abstract: We propose a measure of multivariate kurtosis suggested from Mardia's measure of multivariate skewness b 1,p , and examine its relationship both to Mardia's measure of multivariate kurtosis b 2,p , and to a smooth test of multivariate kurotis U 4 2

30 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using a highly refined model of an Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase ternary complex, it is shown that the individual beta-sheets in each subunit are severely distorted by an unusual series of stacked beta-bulges, which partitions each larger sheet into two smaller beta- sheets approximately orthogonal to one another.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Ternary complex formation is associated with a large conformational change involving 4 residues at the protein's carboxy-terminus that close down on the distal side of the inhibitor's quinazoline ring, capping the active site and sequestering the bound ligands from bulk solvent.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The finding that the antigen-presenting functions of MHC can be inhibited in vivo opens up the possibility of using this as a therapeutic approach to MHC-associated autoimmune diseases.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An experiment in which pressure was applied to the globe of the eye by artificially-induced contraction of the superior oblique muscles produced two effects: Dual vision, consisting of two separate, superimposed, retinal images, one blurred and one clear; and a 5 diopter increase in myopia.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This in vitro system for up-regulating FcϵRII expression on human lymphocytes should provide an important new tool to analyze the participation of such cells in the regulatory mechanisms controlling the human IgE antibody system.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that this functional subset of CD4+ T cells, which normally controls CD8+ T cell activity in this network, is defective in animals that exhibit irradiation-induced allergic breakthrough.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A functional network linkage in the regulation of alloreactivity and antigen response is revealed and it is shown how repeated exposure to alloantigens can induce a perturbation of the idiotypic network controlling the response of a non-alloantigen-related BALB/c strain dominant idiotype (T15).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The cytoplasmic difference implies functional activity of the Fc epsilon R in T lymphocytes that is mechanistically different from the F c epsilus R of B lymphocytes.
Abstract: Using a cDNA probe corresponding to the membrane-bound form of the B cell receptor for IgE, we have isolated, sequenced, and expressed a cDNA clone which codes for a human T lymphocyte Fc epsilon R from HUT-78 cells. This T cell Fc epsilon R cDNA codes for 320 amino acid residues, and shows high homology to the B cell Fc epsilon R sequence. The major differences between this T cell and the B cell Fc epsilon R cDNA sequences are (i) a limited stretch of nucleotides at the 5' segment of the coding region which encodes a putative cytoplasmic region of the Fc epsilon R molecule and the untranslated 5' end; and (ii) an additional 64 bp segment in the untranslated 3' end containing two repeats in tandem with three existing repeats in the same region. The expression of Fc epsilon R on T lymphocytes may reflect involvement of the Fc epsilon R in regulation of IgE-mediated responses. The cytoplasmic difference implies functional activity of the Fc epsilon R in T lymphocytes that is mechanistically different from the Fc epsilon R of B lymphocytes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings show that a nonspecific general suppression induced by allohyperimmunization can perturb the T15+ anti-PC response and the possibility to restore T15 dominance by anti-idiotypic antibody immunization.

Patent
14 Jun 1989
TL;DR: In this paper, the immune system of a donor is induced in and thrives in vivo and expresses the immune response of the donor animal in a recipient non-human animal of a different species than the donor.
Abstract: Laboratory non-human animals in which the immune system of a donor is induced in and thrives in vivo and expresses the immune response of the donor animal in a recipient non-human animal of a different species than the donor, and wherein malignant immune system cells of the donor can be induced in the recipient non-human animal by injection of non-malignant donor into the recipient are disclosed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Practical techniques for obtaining high-quality displays of fractal images from the inexpensive VGA display monitor are discussed.