Showing papers by "Toyota published in 1976"

Inflating type occupant restraint device

Abstract: A receiving case for receiving a gas bag is formed of a side wall portion secured to a fixed member and a lid surface portion thinner than the side wall portion by the use of a material having a comparatively high hardness and a ductility. Further, the lid surface portion is formed with fragile portions contiguous to one another. At the inflation of the gas bag, the receiving case for the gas bag is prevented from scattering in the form of broken pieces, and the gas bag is prevented from being damaged by a sharp edge otherwise arising at the fracture surface of the receiving case.

Gas component detection apparatus

Abstract: A gas component detection apparatus comprises a first and a second gas sensing elements each composed of a metal oxide which exhibits variable electric resistances according to gaseous components and temperatures of gases to be detected. A catalyst is carried at least by the first sensing element for promoting oxidation reactions of the gaseous components of the gases. A first pair of electrodes are inserted into those portions of the first sensing element which are subjected to catalytic action of the catalyst. Into the portions of the second sensing element which are not subjected to catalytic action are inserted a second pair of electrodes. The first pair of electrodes sense a variation in electric resistances resulting from the gaseous components and temperatures of the gases, while the second pair of electrodes detect an electric resistance variation related mainly upon the gas temperatures. Consequently, an output signal reflecting substantially only the gaseous components of the gases is produced by offsetting both of the electric resistances separately sensed utilizing a suitable electric circuit.

Ultrasonic wave fuel injection and supply device

Abstract: An ultrasonic wave fuel injection and supply device includes an ultrasonic wave generating device and a fuel injection nozzle device. The ultrasonic wave generating device in turn includes an ultrasonic transformer, for transforming electrical oscillations into mechanical vibrations, connected to an ultrasonic oscillator, a mechanical vibration amplifier, for amplifying the amplitude of the mechanical vibrations, secured to the ultrasonic transformer, and a vibratory member, having a hollow cylindrically shaped body the peripheral wall of which is secured to the tip of the mechanical vibration amplifier with the axis of the vibratory member being disposed substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the mechanical vibration amplifier. The vibratory member has its opposite ends open and is disposed within an intake passage of an engine, the same therefore not hindering the flow of fluid through the intake passage. The fuel injection nozzle has its nozzle opening directed toward the peripheral wall of the vibratory member for injecting liquid fuel under pressure onto the peripheral wall. A fuel supply device introduces liquid fuel from a fuel reservoir to the injection nozzle, and a control device controls the amount of fuel being injected through the injection nozzle in response to the running conditions of the internal combustion engine. The ultrasonic wave fuel injection and supply device thus atomizes and scatters the liquid fuel injected onto the peripheral wall of the vibratory member as a result of the ultrasonic vibrations thereof, and the atomized and scattered liquid fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber of an engine, together with air from an air cleaner.

Axial-flow fan

Abstract: An axial flow fan includes a plurality of auxiliary blades disposed upon and projecting from the suction and/or pressure surfaces of primary fan blades radially disposed on a hub member The auxiliary blades extend substantially in the width direction or transversely of the primary blades, and the leading edges of the auxiliary blades, as viewed in the rotational axis direction of the fan, are disposed closer to the rotational center of the hub member than the trailing edges of the auxiliary blades In this manner, the axial flow fan produces an axial fluid flow by means of the primary blades and a radial fluid flow by means of the auxiliary blades

Throttle valve control system for an internal combustion engine

Abstract: A throttle valve control system comprising an accelerator position sensor for detecting the position of an accelerator pedal, a throttle valve opening sensor for detecting the opening of a throttle valve and a control circuit for receiving the output signals of the sensors to control a reversible motor which opens and closes the throttle valve, whereby the movement of the accelerator pedal is rapidly and accurately transmitted to the throttle valve.

Air-to-fuel ratio adjusting system for an internal combustion engine

Abstract: In an air-to-fuel ratio adjusting system for an internal combustion engine which comprises an additional air supply passage communicating with the carburetor of an internal combustion engine at the position downstream of its throttle valve, a control valve disposed in the additional air supply passage to vary the passage area thereof, and a percolation sensor for detecting percolation phenomenon of the fuel during idling operation of the engine is provided. When the occurrence of a percolation phenomenon is determined in accordance with the output signal of the percolation sensor, the control valve is controlled in response to the output signal of an air-to-fuel ratio sensor, whereas the control valve is held in a predetermined valve position when there is no occurrence of percolation phenomenon during idling operation of the engine.

Driving system for use in motor vehicle

Abstract: A driving system acting in conjunction with a motor vehicle having a torque convertor coaxially coupled to the output shaft of the engine, and transfer means having a driving gear coaxially coupled to the output shaft of the overdrive means and a driven gear coupled to its driving gear. Overdrive means having a planetary gear mechanism are coaxially coupled to the output shaft of the torque convertor, and include an output shaft coupled to the driving gear of the transfer means. An automatic transmission is coaxially coupled to the driven gear of the transfer means and includes a planetary mechanism and friction engaging means to provide the desired mode of operation. A differential gear having a driving gear coupled to the output shaft of the automatic transmission drives the motor vehicle. The automatic transmission is positioned below the overdrive means. The torque convertor is positioned in side-by-side relation with the overdrive means, and the differential gear is positioned in side-by-side relation with the automatic transmission an below the torque convertor and the overdrive means. This overdrive means is removably coaxially coupled to the output shaft of the torque convertor, allowing an optional installation thereof.

Evaluation of Burned Gas Ratio (BGR) as a Predominant Factor to NOx

Abstract: Experiments were conducted with four cylinder production engines to evaluate the effect of EGR and mixture stoichiometry on NOx by measuring the burned gas ratio in the cylinder (BGR) by using a gas sampling valve and CO//2 gas analyzer. The total gas fuel ratio (G/F) in the cylinder, which is a function of air-fuel ratio (A/F) and BGR and is some measure of adiabatic combustion peak temperature of charge, was introduced as a new measure to evaluate the combustion in the cylinder. G/F ratio coupled with A/F could be utilized to evaluate the combustion characteristics such as NOx emission, misfire limit, etc. in various combustion chamber configurations. NOx emission and misfire limit are strongly affected by the BGR in the cylinder. Stoichiometrically burned gas EGR has the best potential to reduce NOx together with power for a fixed engine displacement, but from the point of view of fuel economy and misfire limit indicated by G/F, its mixture is the second to leanest A/F, when the critical constraint of NOx and better fuel economy were considered.

Device for suspending an exhaust pipe in vehicles

Abstract: A device for suspending an exhaust pipe in vehicles having first and second rod members connected by a rubber-like elastic block element with hooked end portions of the rod members being received in individual holes formed in the block element, wherein the two hooked end portions of the rod members are arranged not to be parallel with each other.

Iron-base sintered alloy for valve seat

Abstract: Iron-base sintered alloy for the valve seats of internal combustion engines is an iron-base alloy powder containing, by weight, 6 - 20% chromium less than 2.0% nickel, and carbon 0.2 - 1.5%, together with at least one additive selected from among 0.3 - 1.5% manganese, 0.2 - 1.5% sulfur, 0.5 - 8% molybdenum, and 0.5 - 2.5% silicon, and molded to a sintered density of 6.2 - 6.8 g/cm 3 .

Fuel economizing system

Abstract: There is provided a fuel economizing system comprising a constant speed control unit for varying the opening of a throttle valve to reduce the difference between the preset vehicle speed and the actual vehicle speed, fuel pattern setting means for setting the quantity of fuel required by an internal combustion engine, and fuel pattern correcting means for detecting the difference of the vehicle speeds and the variation of the quantity of fuel fed to the engine and correcting the fuel quantity set by the fuel pattern setting means, whereby the quantity of fuel fed to the engine is reduced while maintaining the constant speed driving function.

Process for partially oxidizing hydrocarbons

Abstract: A catalyst and a process for partially oxidizing hydrocarbons to hydrogen and carbon monoxide is provided. The catalyst consists essentially of rhodium, the rhodium being usually supported on a carrier. In the process, a mixture gas of a hydrocarbon such as naptha, gasoline and propane and an oxidizer such as air and/or oxygen is contacted with the rhodium catalyst at an elevated temperature.

Dry disc-type clutch

Abstract: A clutch of the single-plate dry-disc type is structured to include annular friction facings secured to opposite surfaces of a supporting plate of a clutch plate and a plurality of recesses or shallow grooves are defined in the surface of one of the annular friction facings. The shallow grooves extend from the inner periphery of the one annular friction facing and terminate short of the outer periphery thereof. Accelerated air streams are introduced from the exterior through the fly wheel into the plurality of grooves so as to aid in separation of the friction facing of the clutch plate from the engaging surface of a fly wheel as a result of a hydrodynamic force created by the air streams. Furthermore, slots are defined in the surface of the friction facing in addition to the grooves so as to provide discharge passages for powder which has been produced due to wear or attrition of the friction facings.

Device for controlling a lock-up clutch in an automatic transmission

Abstract: A device for controlling a lock-up clutch incorporated in an automatic transmission together with a torque converter, wherein engagement and disengagement of the lock-up clutch are controlled by utilizing transitional variation characteristic of the oil pressure supplied to oil pressure servo means incorporated in the transmission.

Flexible joint for a power transmission

Abstract: A flexible joint for a power transmission of the divided type includes an assembly of bolt hole metal sleeves disposed upon the drive side, and bolt hole metal sleeves disposed upon the driven side, arranged alternately upon the circumference of the transmission and linked together by joint elements, characterized in that the compressive rigidity of the joint elements upon which a compressive force acts under acceleration conditions is greater than the compressive rigidity of the joint elements upon which a tensile force acts under acceleration conditions, thereby realizing an optimum design in terms of both strength and economy.

Internal combustion engine with a subsidiary combustion chamber

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising a main combustion chamber and a subsidiary combustion chamber having a spark plug. The subsidiary combustion chamber comprising a restricted opening, a first chamber and a second chamber, said chambers being interconnected by the restricted opening. The first chamber has at least two connecting passages communicating the main combustion chamber and the first chamber. One of the connecting passages is directed to the intake valve. The spark gap of the spark plug is located in the first chamber.

Exhaust double pipe of an internal combustion engine

Abstract: An exhaust double pipe used for interconnecting an exhaust manifold with a catalytic converter of an internal combustion engine, comprising an inner pipe and an outer pipe. The outer pipe comprises a first pipe and a second pipe. The outer end of the first pipe is welded to a flange together with one end of the inner pipe. The outer end of the second pipe is welded to another flange together with the other end of the inner pipe. The inner end of the first pipe is directly fitted into the inner end of the second pipe, or is indirectly connected to the inner end of the second pipe via a spacer so as to be able to slide relative to the second pipe.

Apparatus for controlling acceleration and deceleration of motor vehicles

Abstract: An internal combustion engine fuel saving control system is disclosed in which acceleration of a vehicle is initiated in a region of high engine efficiency, i.e., low fuel consumption, and continues until the actual vehicle speed equals a first preset speed which is greater than the desired traveling speed of the vehicle. When the control system detects that the actual vehicle speed is at the first preset speed, the vehicle engine is stopped (turned off) and the vehicle coasts, thereby producing vehicle deceleration. When the control system further detects that the actual vehicle speed of the coasting vehicle reaches a second preset speed which is less than the desired traveling speed, the vehicle engine is started and acceleration is again initiated. The acceleration-deceleration operation is continuously repeated resulting in an average vehicle speed which equals the desired vehicle traveling speed.

Shock absorbing type steering device

Abstract: A shock absorbing type steering device for use in a motor vehicle, comprising a shaft adapted to transmit a torque from a steering wheel to a steering gear, which shaft consists of a first solid shaft portion and a second hollow or cylindrical shaft portion. The second cylindrical shaft portion includes a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion. Part of the first solid shaft portion is rigidly fitted in the aforesaid small diameter portion of the second cylindrical shaft portion with the aid of shear pins, while a shock-absorbing resilient material is contained in the aforesaid large diameter portion of the second cylindrical shaft portion. The shock absorbing material is of such a property that it is ruptured due to stresses exceeding a given level. A passage leading from the interior of the aforesaid large diameter portion of the second cylindrical shaft portion to atmosphere runs either through the first solid shaft portion or through the second cylindrical shaft portion.

Possible vehicle running distance indication

Abstract: Indication of possible vehicle running distance with remnant fuel is accomplished by measuring the fuel amount, the fuel consumption and the running distance and calculating the possible remaining running distance with remnant fuel. The indication is directly based on the current driving condition so that the driver can know the possible running distance with remnant fuel in continued driving under similar conditions. The indication can prevent fuel shortage and also teach a driver economic driving.

Exhaust gas recirculation system

Abstract: This application discloses an EGR system in which the vacuum control valve is improved to comprise: A first diaphragm; A second diaphragm; A first chamber which is formed outside said first diaphragm and communicating with the atmosphere; A second chamber which is formed between said first and second diaphragm and communicating with the pressure control chamber of the EGR valve, and; A third chamber which is formed outside said second diaphragm and communicating with the intake pipe of the engine at the downstream of the throttle valve of the carburetor.

Auto emission purifying catalyst and method of manufacture

Abstract: An auto emission purification catalyst which comprises palladium supported on a carrier composed mainly of α-alumina having a total porosity volume of 0.05-0.50 cc/g and an average porosity diameter of 0.05-0.5μ.

Apparatus for recirculating exhaust gases

Abstract: An apparatus for recirculating exhaust gases, wherein an exhaust gas recirculating passage provides communication between the intake and exhaust passages of an internal combustion engine. A constriction is provided in the passage, and a control valve is provided in the passage downstream of the constriction. A negative control pressure passage introduces a negative control pressure from a port in the intake passage to the control valve. A pressure chamber is interposed between the constriction and the control valve, which pressure chamber has a pressure therein which is substantially equal to atmospheric pressure when the control valve is opened and to that in the exhaust passage when the control valve is closed. A first operating valve opens the negative control pressure passage to the atmosphere when the pressure in the pressure chamber becomes substantially atmospheric. A second operating valve, which is responsive to the amount of sucked air flowing through the intake passage, opens the negative control pressure passage to the atmosphere when the pressure in the intake passage exceeds a predetermined negative pressure.

Control method and system for car-mounted fuel reformer

Abstract: A control method and system for efficient operation of an internal combustion engine by controlling the volume of gas mixture supplied from a car-mounted fuel reformer to the internal combustion engine and the mixing ratio, as well as the volumes of air and fuel supplied to the car-mounted fuel reformer. To be more specific, efficient operation of the internal combustion engine is provided by controlling the mixing ratio of air and liquid fuel supplied to a car-mounted fuel reformer, which produces a hydrogen-containing gas from a liquid fuel through the reaction of partial oxidation, and at the same time adding a controlled volume of air to the hydrogen-containing gas discharged from the car-mounted fuel reformer and supplying the resultant mixture of the hydrogen-containing gas and air to the engine.

Oil circulating and cooling system

Abstract: An oil circulating and cooling system for an internal combustion engine having an oil pump to pump the oil under pressure throughout the oil distribution system of the internal combustion engine and an oil pressure regulation circuit in parallel with the oil distribution system of the internal combustion engine. The oil pressure regulation circuit comprises a relief valve for diverting a portion of the oil from the oil pump to the oil pressure regulation circuit thereby setting the maximum value of the oil pressure throughout the oil distribution system of the internal combustion engine and an oil cooler for cooling the oil which has been diverted to the oil pressure regulation circuit. Since the oil temperature and oil pressure at the output of the oil pump increase with increased engine rpm, the oil is only cooled when the engine rpm is high.

Hydraulic torque converter with a lock-up clutch

Abstract: A hydraulic torque converter with a lock-up clutch wherein the cross section of a torus formed by an impeller, turbine and a stator is determined to satisfy that the ratio of its axial length L to its radial height H (L/H) is 0.64-0.80, the ratio of its inner diameter Di to its outer diameter Do (Di /Do) is 0.40-0.33 and the ratio of an annular flow passage area a at the exit of the impeller to a circular area A defined by the torus outer diameter (a/A) is 0.18-0.23.

Vibration control bush assembly

Abstract: A bush assembly for vibration control, particularly adapted for use in supporting a suspension arm of an automobile suspension system. The bush assembly includes an inner sleeve which is stationarily supported, and an outer sleeve coaxially encircling the inner sleeve and defining a cylindrical clearance space encircling the inner sleeve. The inner and outer sleeves are both separable into a pair of sleeve sections which meet end to end substantially in a common plane. The clearance space is partly filled with a pair of generally cylindrical, primary impact absorbing members which contact the inner and outer sleeves and are disposed symmetrically with respect to the plane in which the inner and outer sleeves are separable into their respective sections. A generally cylindrical, secondary impact absorbing member is interposed between the two primary impact absorbing members and encircles the inner sleeve. The secondary impact absorbing member is smaller in wall thickness than the primary impact absorbing members and contacts one of the inner and outer sleeves, while it is radially spaced from the other. The secondary impact absorbing member includes a layer of material which is less elastic than the material from which the primary impact absorbing members are formed, and therefore, is generally greater in hardness than the primary impact absorbing members.

Electronic control fuel supply system

Abstract: An electronic control fuel supply system for use in an internal combustion engine. The system includes a λ sensor adapted to digitally vary an output signal in response to the air-fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture being supplied to the engine, and an integrating circuit. The input of the integrating circuit is connected to the output of the λ sensor and has a time constant whereby the open duration of a fuel injection valve provided in the engine intake system is controlled by the output voltage of the integrating circuit. In this fuel supply system, the time constant of the integrating circuit is changed from a first value to a smaller second value after the start of acceleration of the internal combustion engine and during the time that the air-fuel ratio of the mixture is larger than a predetermined value. The integrating circuit is connected to a fuel-amount control circuit which in turn is connected to the fuel injection valve which opens into the intake system of the engine.

Method for operating internal combustion engine

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of operating an internal combustion engine which comprises placing a reaction cylinder filled with a catalyst for partially oxidizing a hydrocarbon-base fuel within an exhaust gas passage, feeding a mixture gas consisting of hydrocarbons and a gas which contains oxygen of a quantity providing an "oxygen-to-carbon ratio" of 0.3 to 1.2 into the reaction cylinder, partially oxidizing the hydrocarbons into a reformed gas which consists essentially of H2 and CO in the temperature range of 800° to 1200° C., mixing the reformed gas and a gas containing oxygen of a quantity providing "an excess oxygen ratio" of 1.1 to 2.0, and feeding this mixed gas into an intake manifold of the internal combustion engine.