Toyota

About: Toyota is a company organization based out in Safenwil, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Exhaust gas. The organization has 40032 authors who have published 55003 publications receiving 735317 citations. The organization is also known as: Toyota Motor Corporation & Toyota Jidosha KK.

Robust Online Monitoring of Signal Temporal Logic

Abstract: Signal temporal logic (STL) is a formalism used to rigorously specify requirements of cyberphysical systems (CPS), i.e., systems mixing digital or discrete components in interaction with a continuous environment or analog components. STL is naturally equipped with a quantitative semantics which can be used for various purposes: from assessing the robustness of a specification to guiding searches over the input and parameter space with the goal of falsifying the given property over system behaviors. Algorithms have been proposed and implemented for offline computation of such quantitative semantics, but only few methods exist for an online setting, where one would want to monitor the satisfaction of a formula during simulation. In this paper, we formalize a semantics for robust online monitoring of partial traces, i.e., traces for which there might not be enough data to decide the Boolean satisfaction (and to compute its quantitative counterpart). We propose an efficient algorithm to compute it and demonstrate its usage on two large scale real-world case studies coming from the automotive domain and from CPS education in a Massively Open Online Course setting. We show that savings in computationally expensive simulations far outweigh any overheads incurred by an online approach.

Nickel–Tin Transient Liquid Phase Bonding Toward High-Temperature Operational Power Electronics in Electrified Vehicles

Abstract: This paper presents the concept, fabrication, and evaluation for quality and reliability of nickel-tin transient liquid phase (Ni-Sn TLP) bonding that provides high reliability for high-temperature operational power electronics in electrified vehicles The need for automotive power electronics to operate at high-temperature presents significant challenges in terms of packaging and bonding technology used TLP bonding is one attachment approach that addresses these challenges and facilitates high remelting temperatures while allowing processing to occur at relatively low temperatures and pressures In particular, the Ni-Sn TLP bonding process exhibits a number of desirable characteristics for power electronics, including popularity in conventional power electronics, low cost, and uniform and homogeneous alloy formation The work herein presents Ni-Sn TLP bonding (ready for high-temperature operation) as applied to silicon power devices of relatively large size (12 mm × 9 mm) The quality and reliability of the developed bonding process was characterized using material, optical, and electrical analysis Analysis indicates that the resulting bondline is uniformly composed of Ni3Sn4 alloy throughout the bond area This bonding approach has exhibited excellent reliability for bonded devices after thermal cycling from -40°C to 200°C Electrical properties of the bonded insulated gate bipolar transistor power devices demonstrated that Ni-Sn TLP bonding exhibits electrical performance comparable with conventional solder and is reliable at high-temperature operation

Exhaust purification system of internal combustion engine

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, a hydrocarbon feed valve (15) and an exhaust purification catalyst (13) are arranged in an engine exhaust passage. A first NO X removal method which injects hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon feed valve (15) within a predetermined range of period so that the reducing intermediate generated thereby reduces the NO X contained in the exhaust gas and a second NO X removal method which makes the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust purification catalyst (13) a first target rich air-fuel ratio by a period which is longer than this predetermined range are used. When the NO X removal method is switched from the second NO X removal method to the first NO X removal method, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust purification catalyst (13) is made a second target air-fuel ratio which is smaller than the first target rich air-fuel ratio.