Toyota

About: Toyota is a company organization based out in Safenwil, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Exhaust gas. The organization has 40032 authors who have published 55003 publications receiving 735317 citations. The organization is also known as: Toyota Motor Corporation & Toyota Jidosha KK.

Lithium secondary battery

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery 10 of the present invention is a secondary battery provided with a positive electrode 30 having a positive electrode active material layer 34 on a positive electrode collector 32, and a negative electrode 50 having a negative electrode active material layer 54 on a negative electrode collector 52. The positive electrode active material layer 34 contains a positive electrode active material capable of reversibly storing and releasing lithium ions. The negative electrode active material layer 54 contains a negative electrode active material made up of lamellar graphite that is bent so as to have an average number of bends f per particle of 0

Quantitative Detection of Mycoplasma genitalium from First-Pass Urine of Men with Urethritis and Asymptomatic Men by Real-Time PCR

Abstract: We developed a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay for quantifying Mycoplasma genitalium. This assay is able to specifically quantify concentrations of the M. genitalium 16S rRNA gene ranging from 107 to 10 copies/reaction. Using the TaqMan assay, we quantified the M. genitalium 16S rRNA gene in first-pass urine of men with urethritis and asymptomatic men who were positive for M. genitalium by PCR- and phylogeny-based assay. Of 130 men with gonococcal urethritis (GU), five were positive for M. genitalium. The mycoplasma load for each specimen was <5 × 10 copies/ml. Of 84 men with chlamydial non-GU (CNGU), seven were positive for M. genitalium. One man had an M. genitalium load of <5 × 10 copies/ml, and six men had loads ranging from 1.1 × 107 to 2.7 × 102 copies/ml. Of 86 men with nonchlamydial NGU (NCNGU), 17 were positive for M. genitalium. The mycoplasma loads for these men ranged from 3.3 × 106 to 2.3 × 102 copies/ml. Of 76 asymptomatic men, only two were positive for M. genitalium. For these men, the loads were 2 × 102 and <5 × 10 copies/ml. The patients with NGU had significantly higher concentrations of M. genitalium in their first-pass urine than did men with GU (P < 0.01) or asymptomatic men (P < 0.05). In addition, M. genitalium loads were significantly higher in men with NCNGU than those in asymptomatic men (P < 0.05). The quantitative assessment of M. genitalium loads by the TaqMan assay will provide useful information for understanding the pathogenicity of this mycoplasma in the urogenital tract.

Photoconductivity of PbSe quantum-dot solids: dependence on ligand anchor group and length.

Abstract: The assembly of quantum dots is an essential step toward many of their potential applications. To form conductive solids from colloidal quantum dots, ligand exchange is required. Here we study the influence of ligand replacement on the photoconductivity of PbSe quantum-dot solids, using the time-resolved microwave conductivity technique. Bifunctional replacing ligands with amine, thiol, or carboxylic acid anchor groups of various lengths are used to assemble quantum solids via a layer-by-layer dip-coating method. We find that when the ligand lengths are the same, the charge carrier mobility is higher in quantum-dot solids with amine ligands, while in quantum-dot solids with thiol ligands the charge carrier lifetime is longer. If the anchor group is the same, the charge carrier mobility is ligand length dependent. The results show that the diffusion length of charge carriers can reach several hundred nanometers.