Toyota

About: Toyota is a company organization based out in Safenwil, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Battery (electricity). The organization has 40032 authors who have published 55003 publications receiving 735317 citations. The organization is also known as: Toyota Motor Corporation & Toyota Jidosha KK.

Power output apparatus and method of controlling the same

Abstract: A power output apparatus of the invention includes a clutch motor (30) and an assist motor (40) that allow energy output from an engine (50) driven at a driving point of high efficiency to be converted to energy expressed as the product of a revolving speed and a torque of a drive shaft (22) and to be output to the drive shaft (22). In case that a large torque is required, for example, when the vehicle starts on a rising slope or runs at a low speed, the engine (50) is driven at a high-energy driving point having a large torque and a high efficiency. This structure causes large electric power to be generated by excess energy greater than the energy generally consumed and enables a battery (94) to be charged with the large electric power. The power output apparatus of the invention further has functions of predicting the process of charging the battery (94) with the large electric power based on a driving state of the vehicle and topographical information and lowering the remaining charge of the battery (94) in advance according to the requirements. This process effectively prevents the battery (94) from being damaged with excess charging.

Catalytic Activity in Organic Solvents and Stability of Immobilized Enzymes Depend on the Pore Size and Surface Characteristics of Mesoporous Silica

Abstract: An enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), was adsorbed in the manner of the single immersion method on the silica mesoporous materials FSM-16, MCM-41, and SBA-15 with various pore diameters from 27 to 92 A, and their enzymatic activities in an organic solvent and the thermal stabilities were studied. FSM-16 and MCM-41 showed a larger amount of adsorption of HRP than SBA-15 or silica gel when the pore sizes were larger than the 50 A. The increased enzyme adsorption capacity may be due to the surface characteristics of FSM-16 and MCM-41, which would be consistent with the observed larger adsorption capacity of cationic pigment compared with anionic pigment for these materials. The immobilized HRP on FSM-16 and MCM-41 with pore diameter 50 A showed the highest enzymatic activity in an organic toluene and thermal stability in aqueous solution at the temperature of 70 °C. The immobilized enzymes on the other mesoporous materials including large or small pore sized FSM-16 showed lower enzymatic activity in an or...

Organic electroluminescent device

Abstract: The organic EL device of the present invention includes a plurality of organic compound-containing layers provided between a cathode and an anode. Of two of the organic compound-containing layers adjacent to each other, one layer positioned nearer the anode has electron mobility lower than that of the other layer positioned nearer the cathode. Accordingly, the organic EL device of the present invention has a high luminous efficiency and a long half-life of the initial luminance.