Toyota

About: Toyota is a company organization based out in Safenwil, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Exhaust gas. The organization has 40032 authors who have published 55003 publications receiving 735317 citations. The organization is also known as: Toyota Motor Corporation & Toyota Jidosha KK.

Fabrication of textured thermoelectric layered cobaltites with various rock salt-type layers by using β-Co(OH) 2 platelets as reactive templates

Abstract: Textured bulk ceramics have been prepared of various cobaltites including the common CdI2-type CoO2 layer (i.e., [Ca2(Co0.65Cu0.35)2O4]0.624[CoO2]: CCO-4-layer, [Bi2M2−xO4]p[CoO2] (M2 = Sr2: BSCO, M2 = Ca1Sr1: B(SC)CO, M2 = Ca2: BCCO)) by using β-Co(OH)2 (CdI2-type) platelets as reactive templates, and their thermoelectric (TE) properties have been examined. All the specimens were found to be highly c-axis aligned ceramics. Especially for CCO-4-layer, B(SC)CO and BCCO, the present study is the first report on the fabrication of textured ceramics. Our textured ceramic specimens exhibited larger values of electrical conductivity (σ) than the ceramics prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction (SSR specimens): e.g., σab = 0.46 × 104 S m−1 for the textured specimen and σSSR = ∼0.26 × 104 S m−1 at 1060 K for the SSR specimen for BCCO. This study indicated that our preparation method using β-Co(OH)2 templates is a versatile and effective technique to fabricate cobaltites, including CoO2 layers, with a high degree of orientation and improved TE properties.

Light-emitting device of gallium nitride compound semiconductor

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a light-emitting diode of GaN compound semiconductor which emits a blue light from a plane rather than dots for improved luminous intensity. It has an electrode 80 for the high-carrier density n + -layer 3 and an electrode 70 for the high-impurity density i H -layer 52. These electrodes 70 (80) are made up a first Ni layer 71 (81) (100A thick), a second Ni layer 72 (82) (1000A thick), an Al layer 73 (83) (1500A thick), a Ti layer 74 (84) (1000A thick), and a third Ni layer 75 (85) (2500A thick). The Ni layers of dual structure permit a buffer layer to be formed between them. This buffer layer prevents the Ni layer from peeling. The direct contact of the Ni layer with GaN lowers the drive voltage for light emission and increases the luminous intensity.

Modeling of Electromagnetic Damper for Automobile Suspension

Abstract: In this paper, the modeling of the electromagnetic damper (EMD) for automobile suspension is presented and the validation of the model is demonstrated by comparing the numerical results with the experimental results obtained using shaker tests. EMD is used as an active suspension and controlled to have output force calculated from velocities of sprung and unsprung masses. The formulation of EMD system for active suspensions is first developed, and the validation of the EMD model is demonstrated by experiments of the EMD for automobile suspensions. The validity of the formulation of the EMD developed in this investigation is shown for the frequency responses as well as energy balance for its active use.