Toyota

About: Toyota is a company organization based out in Safenwil, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Exhaust gas. The organization has 40032 authors who have published 55003 publications receiving 735317 citations. The organization is also known as: Toyota Motor Corporation & Toyota Jidosha KK.

The effect of crystallization on the structure and morphology of polypropylene/clay nanocomposites

Abstract: The effect of crystallization on the structure and morphology of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-MA)/clay (montmorillonite) nanocomposites (PPCNs) is presented. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements of PPCNs crystallized at different temperatures show that the extent of intercalation increases with the crystallization temperature. The enhancement of intercalation occurs with lower clay content PPCNs, and maximum intercalation takes place for 4 wt% clay content. The mechanism of intercalation has been proposed through crystallization. Excess γ-form of the crystallite of PP-MA appears in presence of clay, possibly because of the confinement of the polymer chain between the clay particles. WAXD data also reveals that d-spacing increases gradually with clay content. The decrease of spherulitic size is observed with increasing clay content, which indicates that clay particles act as nucleating agents. Lamellar textures have been explored by using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which exhibit that both the lamellar thickness and long period of the PPCNs are higher than those of PP-MA.

Hematocrit measuring instrument

Abstract: A hematocrit measuring instrument of the type which determines hematocrit of blood from the electrical resistivity of the blood is provided with a blood resistivity measurement device, an ultrafilter for filtering a part of the plasma from the blood, a filtrate resistivity measurement device for measuring the resistivity of the filtrate from the ultrafilter and an arithmetic circuit for calculating the hematocrit of the blood from the resistivities of the blood and the filtrate. The hematocrit measuring instrument is connected into a circulatory path for the blood outside of the patient's body and continuously measures the hematocrit of the blood from the resistivity of the blood and the resistivity of the filtrate from the ultrafilter.

A Systematic Exploration of Diversity in Machine Translation

Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of producing a diverse set of plausible translations. We present a simple procedure that can be used with any statistical machine translation (MT) system. We explore three ways of using diverse translations: (1) system combination, (2) discriminative reranking with rich features, and (3) a novel post-editing scenario in which multiple translations are presented to users. We find that diversity can improve performance on these tasks, especially for sentences that are difficult for MT.

Drive assist device

Abstract: A drive assist device allows a driver to favorably check space for opening a back door along with an image of a periphery of a vehicle. The drive assist device is configured: to perform a viewpoint conversion that converts an image captured by a vehicle-mounted camera, which image is of a scene in the periphery of the vehicle including at least an area rearward of the vehicle, into an overhead image showing the vehicle from above; to superimpose on the overhead image a graphic image showing a flip-up back door in an open state from the same viewpoint as that of the overhead image; and to allow the superimposed image to be displayed on a monitor device in a vehicle compartment.