Toyota

About: Toyota is a company organization based out in Safenwil, Switzerland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Internal combustion engine & Exhaust gas. The organization has 40032 authors who have published 55003 publications receiving 735317 citations. The organization is also known as: Toyota Motor Corporation & Toyota Jidosha KK.

More than a 600‐fold variation in nitrogen dioxide assimilation among 217 plant taxa

Abstract: Assimilation of nitrogen dioxide in response to fumigation with 15 N-labelled nitrogen dioxide was studied in 217 plant taxa. The taxa included 50 wild herbaceous plants collected from roadsides (42 genera, 15 families), 60 cultivated herbaceous plants (55 genera, 30 families) and 107 cultivated woody plants (74 genera, 45 families). Two parameters, the 'NO 2 -N content', or NO 2 -derived reduced nitrogen content in fumigated plant leaves (mg N g -1 dry weight), and the 'NO 2 -utilization index', or percentage of the NO 2 -derived reduced nitrogen in the total reduced nitrogen, were determined. The NO 2 -N content differed 657-fold between the highest (Eucalyptus viminalis; 6.57) and lowest (Tillandsia ionantha and T. caput-medusae; 0.01) values in the 217 taxa; 62-fold in a family (Theaceae) and 26-fold in a species (Solidago altissima). Nine species had NO 2 -utilization indices greater than 10%, of which Magnolia kobus, Eucalyptus viminalis, Populus nigra, Nicotiana tabacum and Erechtites hieracifolia had NO 2 -N contents > 4.9. These plants can be considered 'NO 2 -philic' because in them NO 2 -nitrogen has an important function(s). The Compositae and Myrtaceae had high values for both parameters, whereas the monocots and gymnosperms had low ones. These findings suggest that the metabolic pathway of NO 2 -nitrogen differs among plant species. The information presented here will be useful for creating a novel vegetation technology to reduce the atmospheric concentration of nitrogen dioxide.

Rotary type electrostatic spray painting device

Abstract: A rotary type electrostatic spray painting device comprising a rotary shaft and a spray head fixed onto the front end of the rotary shaft. Paint is fed onto the cup shaped inner wall of the spray head. The rotary shaft is supported by a single thrust air bearing and a pair of radial air bearings. The thrust air bearing comprises a stationary annular plate and a pair of runners fixed onto the rotary shaft and arranged on each side of the annular plate. Each of the side walls of the annular plate comprises a central wall region facing the corresponding runner, and a peripheral wall region located radially outwardly from the runners. A plurality of air outflow bores is formed on the side walls of the annular plate in the central wall region for feeding air into the clearance between the annular plate and the runners. A plurality of pressure balancing bores are formed in the annular plate and arranged in the peripheral wall region. An electrode, continuously contacting the rear end of the rotary shaft, is provided. A negative high voltage is applied to the housing of the paint device. In addition, the negative high voltage is also applied to the spray head via the electrode and the rotary shaft.

Nickel-cobalt-manganese complex hydroxide particles and method for producing same, positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and method for producing same, and nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide nickel cobalt manganese composite hydroxide particles having a small particle diameter and a uniform particle size distribution, and a method for producing the same. [Solution] A method for producing a nickel cobalt manganese composite hydroxide by a crystallization reaction is provided. The method includes: a nucleation step of performing nucleation by controlling a pH of an aqueous solution for nucleation including metal compounds containing nickel, cobalt and manganese, and an ammonium ion donor to 12.0 to 14.0 in terms of the pH as measured at a liquid temperature of 25° C. as a standard; and a particle growth step of growing nuclei by controlling a pH of an aqueous solution for particle growth containing nuclei formed in the nucleation step to 10.5 to 12.0 in terms of the pH as measured at a liquid temperature of 25° C. as a standard.

Exhaust emission control device

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust emission control device, for properly cleaning exhausted harmful components even in an internal combustion engine or a combustion chamber operated mainly under an excess air condition, for properly eliminating nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas or particulate matters such as soot, and for maintaining its cleaning ability. SOLUTION: The exhaust emission control device comprises: nitrogen oxide adsorbent 4 disposed to an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine 1 to temporally adsorb the nitrogen oxides and desorb the adsorbed nitrogen oxides by temperature rise or in a reduction atmosphere; an adsorbed material desorbing means 3 disposed upstream in exhaust flow of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent 4 to rise the temperature of the exhaust or air, or to make it be in the reduction atmosphere; a combustion device 5 disposed downstream in exhaust flow of the nitrogen oxide adsorbent 4 and including an air supply means 15, a fuel supply means 6, and an ignition means 7; and a filter device 40 disposed downstream in exhaust flow of the combustion device 5 to trap particulate matters contained in the exhaust gas. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT