Institution
Tufts University
Education•Medford, Massachusetts, United States•
About: Tufts University is a education organization based out in Medford, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 32800 authors who have published 66881 publications receiving 3451152 citations. The organization is also known as: Tufts College & Universitatis Tuftensis.
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TL;DR: The Hq mutation is identified as a proviral insertion in the apoptosis-inducing factor (Aif) gene, causing about an 80% reduction in AIF expression, and neurons damaged by oxidative stress in both the cerebellum and retina of Hq mutant mice re-enter the cell cycle before undergoing apoptosis.
Abstract: Harlequin (Hq) mutant mice have progressive degeneration of terminally differentiated cerebellar and retinal neurons. We have identified the Hq mutation as a proviral insertion in the apoptosis-inducing factor (Aif) gene, causing about an 80% reduction in AIF expression. Mutant cerebellar granule cells are susceptible to exogenous and endogenous peroxide-mediated apoptosis, but can be rescued by AIF expression. Overexpression of AIF in wild-type granule cells further decreases peroxide-mediated cell death, suggesting that AIF serves as a free radical scavenger. In agreement, dying neurons in aged Hq mutant mice show oxidative stress. In addition, neurons damaged by oxidative stress in both the cerebellum and retina of Hq mutant mice re-enter the cell cycle before undergoing apoptosis. Our results provide a genetic model of oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration and demonstrate a direct connection between cell cycle re-entry and oxidative stress in the ageing central nervous system.
592 citations
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Haidong Wang1, Zulfiqar A Bhutta2, Zulfiqar A Bhutta3, Matthew M Coates1 +610 more•Institutions (263)
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study provides an analytical framework to comprehensively assess trends for under-5 mortality, age-specific and cause-specific mortality among children under 5 years, and stillbirths by geography over time and decomposed the changes in under- 5 mortality to changes in SDI at the global level.
591 citations
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TL;DR: Recommendations were made during the symposium for biochemical diagnosis, localization, genetics, and treatment of Pheochromocytoma that inadequate methods to distinguish malignant from benign tumors and a lack of effective treatments for malignancy are important problems requiring further resolution.
Abstract: Pheochromocytomas are rare, often hereditary, catecholamine producing tumors that can be difficult to diagnose and manage. This Review summarizes the recommendations for biochemical and genetic testing, localization and treatment, and is based on discussions at the First International Symposium on Pheochromocytoma, held in October 2005. The First International Symposium on Pheochromocytoma, held in October 2005, included discussions about developments concerning these rare catecholamine-producing tumors. Recommendations were made during the symposium for biochemical diagnosis, localization, genetics, and treatment. Measurement of plasma or urinary fractionated metanephrines, the most accurate screening approach, was recommended as the first-line test for diagnosis; reference intervals should favor sensitivity over specificity. Localization studies should only follow reasonable clinical evidence of a tumor. Preoperative pharmacologic blockade of circulatory responses to catecholamines is mandatory. Because approximately a quarter of tumors develop secondary to germ-line mutations in any one of five genes, mutation testing should be considered; however, it is not currently cost effective to test every gene in every patient. Consideration of tumor location, presence of multiple tumors, presence of metastases, and type of catecholamine produced is useful in deciding which genes to test. Inadequate methods to distinguish malignant from benign tumors and a lack of effective treatments for malignancy are important problems requiring further resolution.
590 citations
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TL;DR: One mechanism by which proteins enter lysosomes for subsequent degradation requires that substrate proteins contain peptide sequences biochemically related to Lys-Phe-Glu-Arg-Gln (KFERQ).
590 citations
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TL;DR: It is concluded that deep hypothermia withcirculatory arrest is a safe technique for the repair of complex aortic problems provided both the circulatory arrest and the cardiopulmonary bypass times are not excessive.
590 citations
Authors
Showing all 33110 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Frank B. Hu | 250 | 1675 | 253464 |
Ralph B. D'Agostino | 226 | 1287 | 229636 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Peter Libby | 211 | 932 | 182724 |
David Baltimore | 203 | 876 | 162955 |
Eric B. Rimm | 196 | 988 | 147119 |
Lewis C. Cantley | 196 | 748 | 169037 |
Bernard Rosner | 190 | 1162 | 147661 |
Charles A. Dinarello | 190 | 1058 | 139668 |
William B. Kannel | 188 | 533 | 175659 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
John P. A. Ioannidis | 185 | 1311 | 193612 |
David H. Weinberg | 183 | 700 | 171424 |
Joel Schwartz | 183 | 1149 | 109985 |