Tulane University

About: Tulane University is a education organization based out in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Blood pressure. The organization has 24478 authors who have published 47205 publications receiving 1944993 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Louisiana.

International migration, remittances, and poverty in developing countries

Abstract: Few studies have examined the impact of international migration and remittances on poverty in a broad cross-section of developing countries. The authors try to fill this gap by constructing a new data set on poverty, international migration, and remittances for 74 low- and middle-income developing countries. Four key findings emerge: 1) International migration-defined as the share of a country's population living abroad-has a strong, statistical impact in reducing poverty. On average, a 10 percent increase in the share of international migrants in a country's population will lead to a 1.9 percent decline in the share of people living in poverty ($1.00 a person a day). 2) Distance to a major labor-receiving region-like the United States or OECD (Europe)-has an important effect on international migration. Developing countries that are located closest to the United States or OECD (Europe) are also those countries with the highest rates of migration. 3) An inverted U-shaped curve exists between the level of country per capita income and international migration. Developing countries with low or high per capita GDP produce smaller shares of international migrants than do middle-income developing countries. The authors find no evidence that developing countries with higher levels of poverty produce more migrants. Because of considerable travel costs associated with international migration, international migrants come from those income groups which are just above the poverty line in middle-income developing countries. 4) International remittances-defined as the share of remittances in country GDP-have a strong, statistical impact in reducing poverty. On average, a 10 percent increase in the share of international remittances in a country's GDP will lead to a 1.6 percent decline in the share of people living in poverty.

Evidence for the Tunneling Site on Transition-Metal Oxides: TiO2(110)

Abstract: We present atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images from Ti${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$(110) surfaces. After annealing nearly perfect stoichiometric $1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1$ surfaces to elevated temperatures in ultrahigh vacuum, randomly distributed oxygen vacancies are observed. The apparent shape of these defects provides strong evidence that the STM is imaging undercoordinated Ti atoms, as do first-principles pseudopotential calculations of the electronic states accessible to tunneling. We thus resolve a controversy as to whether STM imaging on this surface is dominated by geometric-structure or electronic effects.

Political Uncertainty and Investment: Causal Evidence from U.S. Gubernatorial Elections

Abstract: I examine the link between political uncertainty and firm investment using U.S. gubernatorial elections as a source of plausibly exogenous variation in uncertainty. Investment declines 5% before all elections and up to 15% for subsamples of firms particularly susceptible to political uncertainty. I use term limits as an IV for election closeness. Because close elections are related to economic downturns, I find that the effect of close elections on investment is understated by more than half by OLS. Post-election rebounds in investment depend on whether an incumbent is re-elected. Finally, I provide evidence that firms delay SEOs tied to investments during higher uncertainty.