Institution
Tulane University
Education•New Orleans, Louisiana, United States•
About: Tulane University is a education organization based out in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Blood pressure. The organization has 24478 authors who have published 47205 publications receiving 1944993 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Louisiana.
Topics: Population, Blood pressure, Receptor, Poison control, Medicine
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: Valve surgery for patients with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis was independently associated with reduced 6-month mortality after adjustment for both baseline variables associated with the propensity to undergo valve surgery and baseline variablesassociated with mortality.
Abstract: ContextComplicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis causes significant
morbidity and mortality in adults. The presumed benefits of valve surgery
remain unproven due to lack of randomized controlled trials.ObjectiveTo determine whether valve surgery is associated with reduced mortality
in adults with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis.Design and SettingRetrospective, observational cohort study conducted from January 1990
to January 2000 at 7 Connecticut hospitals. Propensity analyses were used
to control for bias in treatment assignment and prognostic imbalances.PatientsOf the 513 adults with complicated, left-sided native valve endocarditis,
230 (45%) underwent valve surgery and 283 (55%) received medical therapy alone.Main Outcome MeasureAll-cause mortality at 6 months after baseline.ResultsIn the 6-month period after baseline, 131 patients (26%) died. In unadjusted
analyses, valve surgery was associated with reduced mortality (16% vs 33%;
hazard ratio [HR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.63; P<.001). After adjustment for baseline variables associated with
mortality (including hospital site, comorbidity, congestive heart failure,
microbial etiology, immunocompromised state, abnormal mental status, and refractory
infection), valve surgery remained associated with reduced mortality (adjusted
HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.23-0.54; P<.02). In further
analyses of 218 patients matched by propensity scores, valve surgery remained
associated with reduced mortality (15% vs 28%; HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.23-0.86; P = .01). After additional adjustment for variables that
contribute to heterogeneity and confounding within the propensity-matched
group, surgical therapy remained significantly associated with a lower mortality
(HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.18-0.91; P = .03). In this propensity-matched
group, patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure showed the
greatest reduction in mortality with valve surgery (14% vs 51%; HR, 0.22;
95% CI, 0.09-0.53; P = .001).ConclusionsValve surgery for patients with complicated, left-sided native valve
endocarditis was independently associated with reduced 6-month mortality after
adjustment for both baseline variables associated with the propensity to undergo
valve surgery and baseline variables associated with mortality. The reduced
mortality was particularly evident among patients with moderate to severe
congestive heart failure.
286 citations
••
TL;DR: Logistic-regression analysis showed that a higher risk of infection was associated with increased age, injury to the left colon necessitating colostomy, a larger number of units of blood or blood products administered at surgery, and a large number of injured organs.
Abstract: To identify the risk factors for the development of postoperative septic complications in patients with intestinal perforation after abdominal trauma, and to compare the efficacies of single-drug and dual-drug prophylactic antibiotic therapy, we studied 145 patients who presented with abdominal trauma and intestinal perforation at two hospitals between July 1979 and June 1982. Logistic-regression analysis showed that a higher risk of infection (P less than 0.05) was associated with increased age, injury to the left colon necessitating colostomy, a larger number of units of blood or blood products administered at surgery, and a larger number of injured organs. The presence of shock on arrival, which was found to increase the risk of infection when this factor was analyzed individually, did not add predictive power. Patients with postoperative sepsis were hospitalized significantly longer than were patients without infection (13.8 vs. 7.7 days, P less than 0.0001). Both treatment regimens--cefoxitin given alone and clindamycin and gentamicin given together--resulted in similar infection rates, drug toxicity, duration of hospitalization, and costs.
286 citations
••
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that MSCs from rat bone marrow (rMSCs) are even more sensitive to low‐density plating than hMSCs, and had the same heterogeneity seen with h MSCs in that the cultures contained both small rapidly RS cells and much larger mature cells (mMSCs).
Abstract: Human marrow stromal cell (hMSCs) were recently shown to expand rapidly in culture when plated at a low density of approximately 3 cells/cm(2). Low-density plating promoted proliferation of small recycling stem (RS) cells that appeared to be the most multipotent cells in the cultures. Here we demonstrated that MSCs from rat bone marrow (rMSCs) are even more sensitive to low-density plating than hMSCS: When plated at approximately 2 cells/cm(2), the cells expanded over 4,000-fold in 12 days, over twice the maximal rate observed with hMSCS: Analysis by fluorescence-activated cell sorter demonstrated that rMSCs had the same heterogeneity seen with hMSCs in that the cultures contained both small rapidly RS cells and much larger mature cells (mMSCs). The rat mMSCs differed from human mMSCs in that they regenerated RS cells in culture. Also, after low-density plating, colonies of rMSCs expanded into confluent cultures, whereas colonies of hMSCs did not.
286 citations
••
TL;DR: It is reported that African Americans have longer leukocyte telomere length than whites and it is suggested that racial difference in LTL arises from a host of interacting biological factors, including replication rates of hematopoietic stem cells.
Abstract: Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is ostensibly a bio-indicator of human aging. Here we report that African Americans have longer LTL than whites. We studied cross-sectionally 2453 individuals from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Family Heart Study (age = 30–93 years) and the Bogalusa Heart Study (age = 19–37 years), comprising 1742 whites and 711 African Americans. We measured LTL by Southern blots of the terminal restriction fragments length. In 234 participants, telomere repeats were also measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI), the respective leukocyte telomere lengths (mean ± SEM) were considerably longer in African Americans than in whites both in the Family Heart Study (7.004 ± 0.033 kb vs. 6.735 ± 0.024 kb, p < 0.0001) and the Bogalusa Heart Study (7.923 ± 0.063 kb vs. 7.296 ± 0.039 kb, p < 0.0001). We confirmed the racial effect on LTL by qPCR (3.038 ± 0.565 T/S units for African Americans vs. 2.714 ± 0.487 T/S units for whites, p < 0.001). Cross-sectionally, sex- and BMI-adjusted LTL became shorter with age (range 19–93 years) at a steeper slope in African Americans than in whites (0.029 kb year−1 vs. 0.020 kb year−1, respectively, p = 0.0001). We suggest that racial difference in LTL arises from a host of interacting biological factors, including replication rates of hematopoietic stem cells.
286 citations
••
TL;DR: The trans-ancestry genome-wide association and replication study of blood pressure phenotypes among up to 320,251 individuals of East Asian, European and South Asian ancestry finds genetic variants at 12 new loci to be associated with blood pressure, providing new evidence for the role of DNA methylation in blood pressure regulation.
Abstract: We carried out a trans-ancestry genome-wide association and replication study of blood pressure phenotypes among up to 320,251 individuals of East Asian, European and South Asian ancestry. We find genetic variants at 12 new loci to be associated with blood pressure (P = 3.9 × 10(-11) to 5.0 × 10(-21)). The sentinel blood pressure SNPs are enriched for association with DNA methylation at multiple nearby CpG sites, suggesting that, at some of the loci identified, DNA methylation may lie on the regulatory pathway linking sequence variation to blood pressure. The sentinel SNPs at the 12 new loci point to genes involved in vascular smooth muscle (IGFBP3, KCNK3, PDE3A and PRDM6) and renal (ARHGAP24, OSR1, SLC22A7 and TBX2) function. The new and known genetic variants predict increased left ventricular mass, circulating levels of NT-proBNP, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality (P = 0.04 to 8.6 × 10(-6)). Our results provide new evidence for the role of DNA methylation in blood pressure regulation.
286 citations
Authors
Showing all 24722 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
JoAnn E. Manson | 270 | 1819 | 258509 |
Frank B. Hu | 250 | 1675 | 253464 |
Eric B. Rimm | 196 | 988 | 147119 |
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski | 169 | 1431 | 128585 |
Nicholas J. White | 161 | 1352 | 104539 |
Tien Yin Wong | 160 | 1880 | 131830 |
Tomas Hökfelt | 158 | 1033 | 95979 |
Thomas E. Starzl | 150 | 1625 | 91704 |
Geoffrey Burnstock | 141 | 1488 | 99525 |
Joseph Sodroski | 138 | 542 | 77070 |
Glenn M. Chertow | 128 | 764 | 82401 |
Darwin J. Prockop | 128 | 576 | 87066 |
Kenneth J. Pienta | 127 | 671 | 64531 |
Charles Taylor | 126 | 741 | 77626 |