Institution
Tulane University
Education•New Orleans, Louisiana, United States•
About: Tulane University is a education organization based out in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Blood pressure. The organization has 24478 authors who have published 47205 publications receiving 1944993 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Louisiana.
Topics: Population, Blood pressure, Poison control, Receptor, Angiotensin II
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Sertraline appears to be a safe and effective short-term treatment for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Abstract: Context.—The serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the treatment of choice for patients
with obsessive-compulsive disorder; however, empirical support for this assertion
has been weaker for children and adolescents than for adults.Objective.—To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitor sertraline hydrochloride in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive
disorder.Design.—Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Patients.—One hundred eighty-seven patients: 107 children aged 6 to 12 years and
80 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years randomized to receive either sertraline
(53 children, 39 adolescents) or placebo (54 children, 41 adolescents).Setting.—Twelve US academic and community clinics with experience conducting
randomized controlled trials.Intervention.—Sertraline hydrochloride was titrated to a maximum of 200 mg/d during
the first 4 weeks of double-blind therapy, after which patients continued
to receive this dosage of medication for 8 more weeks. Control patients received
placebo.Main Outcome Measures.—The Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS), the
National Institute of Mental Health Global Obsessive Compulsive Scale (NIMH
GOCS), and the NIMH Clinical Global Impressions of Severity of Illness (CGI-S)
and Improvement (CGI-I) rating scales.Results.—In intent-to-treat analyses, patients treated with sertraline showed
significantly greater improvement than did placebo-treated patients on the
CY-BOCS (adjusted mean, −6.8 vs −3.4, respectively; P = .005), the NIMH GOCS (−2.2 vs −1.3, respectively; P = .02), and the CGI-I (2.7 vs 3.3, respectively; P = .002) scales. Significant differences in efficacy between
sertraline and placebo emerged at week 3 and persisted for the duration of
the study. Based on CGI-I ratings at end point, 42% of patients receiving
sertraline and 26% of patients receiving placebo were very much or much improved.
Neither age nor sex predicted response to treatment. The incidence of insomnia,
nausea, agitation, and tremor were significantly greater in patients receiving
sertraline; 12 (13%) of 92 sertraline-treated patients and 3 (3.2%) of 95
placebo-treated patients discontinued prematurely because of adverse medical
events (P = .02). No clinically meaningful abnormalities
were apparent on vital sign determinations, laboratory findings, or electrocardiographic
measurements.Conclusion.—Sertraline appears to be a safe and effective short-term treatment for
children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
421 citations
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Case Western Reserve University1, Salisbury University2, University of California, San Francisco3, National University of Singapore4, University of Buenos Aires5, Mayo Clinic6, Tulane University7, Erasmus University Rotterdam8, University of Amsterdam9, Cornell University10, Rutgers University11, Valparaiso University12
TL;DR: The ISSM definition of lifelong PE represents the first evidence-based definition of PE, and will hopefully lead to the development of new tools and Patient Reported Outcome measures for diagnosing and assessing the efficacy of treatment interventions and encourage ongoing research into the true prevalence of this disorder.
421 citations
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421 citations
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TL;DR: This work provides comprehensive data and improved methods for studying the role of commensal microbiota in macaque models of GI diseases and provides a model for the large-scale screening of the human gut microbiome.
Abstract: The vertebrate gut harbors a vast community of bacterial mutualists, the composition of which is modulated by the host immune system. Many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are expected to be associated with disruptions of host-bacterial interactions, but relatively few comprehensive studies have been reported. We have used the rhesus macaque model to investigate forces shaping GI bacterial communities. We used DNA bar coding and pyrosequencing to characterize 141,000 sequences of 16S rRNA genes obtained from 100 uncultured GI bacterial samples, allowing quantitative analysis of community composition in health and disease. Microbial communities of macaques were distinct from those of mice and humans in both abundance and types of taxa present. The macaque communities differed among samples from intestinal mucosa, colonic contents, and stool, paralleling studies of humans. Communities also differed among animals, over time within individual animals, and between males and females. To investigate changes associated with disease, samples of colonic contents taken at necropsy were compared between healthy animals and animals with colitis and undergoing antibiotic therapy. Communities from diseased and healthy animals also differed significantly in composition. This work provides comprehensive data and improved methods for studying the role of commensal microbiota in macaque models of GI diseases and provides a model for the large-scale screening of the human gut microbiome.
420 citations
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TL;DR: Greater cell amplification, colony‐forming efficiency, and colony diameter for tri‐ versus unipotent clones suggest that MSC proliferation may be a function of potency, and CD146 is a marker of multipotency.
Abstract: In regenerative medicine, bone marrow is a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for a broad range of cellular therapies. This research addresses a basic prerequisite to realize the therapeutic potential of MSCs by developing a novel high-capacity assay to quantify the clonal heterogeneity in potency that is inherent to MSC preparations. The assay utilizes a 96-well format to (1) classify MSCs according to colony-forming efficiency as a measure of proliferation capacity and trilineage potential to exhibit adipo-, chondro-, and osteogenesis as a measure of multipotency and (2) preserve a frozen template of MSC clones of known potency for future use. The heterogeneity in trilineage potential of normal bone marrow MSCs is more complex than previously reported: all eight possible categories of trilineage potential were detected. In this study, the average colony-forming efficiency of MSC preparations was 55-62%, and tripotent MSCs accounted for nearly 50% of the colony-forming cells. The multiple phenotypes detected in this study infer a more convoluted hierarchy of lineage commitment than described in the literature. Greater cell amplification, colony-forming efficiency, and colony diameter for tri- versus unipotent clones suggest that MSC proliferation may be a function of potency. CD146 may be a marker of multipotency, with approximately 2-fold difference in mean fluorescence intensity between tri- and unipotent clones. The significance of these findings is discussed in the context of the efficacy of MSC therapies. The in vitro assay described herein will likely have numerous applications given the importance of heterogeneity to the therapeutic potential of MSCs.
420 citations
Authors
Showing all 24722 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
JoAnn E. Manson | 270 | 1819 | 258509 |
Frank B. Hu | 250 | 1675 | 253464 |
Eric B. Rimm | 196 | 988 | 147119 |
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski | 169 | 1431 | 128585 |
Nicholas J. White | 161 | 1352 | 104539 |
Tien Yin Wong | 160 | 1880 | 131830 |
Tomas Hökfelt | 158 | 1033 | 95979 |
Thomas E. Starzl | 150 | 1625 | 91704 |
Geoffrey Burnstock | 141 | 1488 | 99525 |
Joseph Sodroski | 138 | 542 | 77070 |
Glenn M. Chertow | 128 | 764 | 82401 |
Darwin J. Prockop | 128 | 576 | 87066 |
Kenneth J. Pienta | 127 | 671 | 64531 |
Charles Taylor | 126 | 741 | 77626 |