Tunis University

About: Tunis University is a education organization based out in Tunis, Tunisia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Thin film. The organization has 11745 authors who have published 15400 publications receiving 154900 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Tunis & UT.

Envisioning planetary health in every medical curriculum: An international medical student organization's perspective.

Abstract: With deteriorating ecosystems, the health of mankind is at risk. Future health care professionals must be trained to recognize the interdependence of health and ecosystems to address the needs of t...

Prevalence and characterisation of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates in healthy volunteers in Tunisia.

Abstract: The objective of this investigation was to analyse the carriage rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in faecal samples of healthy humans in Tunisia and to characterise the recovered isolates. One hundred and fifty samples were inoculated on MacConkey agar plates supplemented with cefotaxime (2 μg/ml) for ESBL-positive E. coli recovery. The characterisation of ESBL genes and their genetic environments, detection of associated resistance genes, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and phylogroup typing were performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. The presence and characterisation of integrons and virulence factors were studied by PCR and sequencing. ESBL-positive E. coli isolates were detected in 11 of 150 faecal samples (7.3%) and one isolate/sample was further characterised. These isolates contained the blaCTX-M-1 (ten isolates) and blaTEM-52c genes (one isolate). The ISEcp1 (truncated by IS10 in four strains) and orf477 sequences were found upstream and downstream, respectively, of all blaCTX-M-1 genes. Seven different sequence types (STs) and three phylogroups were identified among CTX-M-1-producing isolates [ST/phylogroup (number of isolates)]: ST58/B1 (3), ST57/D (2), ST165/A (1), ST155/B1 (1), ST10/A (1), ST398/A (1) and ST48/B1 (1). The TEM-52-producing isolate was typed as ST219 and phylogroup B2. Six ESBL isolates contained class 1 integrons with the gene cassettes dfrA17-aadA5 (five isolates) and dfrA1-aadA1 (one). Healthy humans in the studied country could be a reservoir of CTX-M-1-producing E. coli.

Chapter Four – Preference Incorporation in Evolutionary Multiobjective Optimization: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art

Abstract: After using Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) for solving multiobjective optimization problems for more than two decades, the incorporation of the decision maker's (DM’s) preferences within the evolutionary process has finally become an active research area. In fact, EAs have demonstrated their effectiveness and efficiency in providing a well-converged and well-distributed approximation of the Pareto front. However, in reality, the DM is not interested in discovering the whole Pareto front rather than approximating the portion of the front that best matches his/her preferences, i.e., the Region Of Interest. For this reason, many new preference-based Multiobjective Optimization EAs (MOEAs), which are mostly variations of existing methods, have been recently published in the specialized literature. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize and organize the information on these current approaches in an attempt to motivate researchers to further focus on hybridizing between decision making and evolutionary multiobjective optimization research fields; consequently facilitating the DM's task when selecting the final alternative to realize. Hence, a summary of the main preference-based MOEAs is provided together with a brief criticism that includes their pros and cons. Furthermore, we propose a classification of such type of algorithms based on the DM's preference information structure. Finally, the future trends in this research area and some possible paths for future research are outlined.