Tunis University

About: Tunis University is a education organization based out in Tunis, Tunisia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Thin film. The organization has 11745 authors who have published 15400 publications receiving 154900 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Tunis & UT.

On The consideration of carbon emissions in modelling-based supply chain literature: the state of the art, relevant features and research gaps

Abstract: This review paper provides the operations management (OM) community with an exhaustive analysis of the mathematical models developed for the problem of low-carbon supply chain management (LCSCM). O...

Prevalence and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)– and CMY-2–Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Healthy Food-Producing Animals in Tunisia

Abstract: The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)– and plasmidic AmpC–beta-lactamase (pAmpC-BL)–producing Escherichia coli isolates has been studied in food-producing animals at the farm level in Tunisia, and recovered isolates were characterized for the presence of other resistance genes and integrons. Eighty fecal samples of food-producing animals (23 sheep, 22 chickens, 22 cattle, six horses, five rabbits, and two dromedaries) were obtained from 35 different farms in Tunisia in 2011. Samples were inoculated onto MacConkey agar plates supplemented with cefotaxime (2 mg/L) for cefotaxime-resistant (CTXR) E. coli recovery. CTXR E. coli isolates were detected in 11 out of 80 samples (13.8%), and one isolate per sample was further characterized (10 from chickens and one from a dromedary). The 11 CTXR isolates were distributed into phylogroups: B1 (five isolates), A (two isolates), D (three isolates), and B2 (one isolate). The following beta-lactamase genes were detected: blaCTX-M-1 (seven i...

Th17 cells in Behçet's disease: a new immunoregulatory axis.

Abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that the abnormality of innate and adaptive immunity responses plays an important role in Behcet's disease (BD). T helper (Th) cells have a central role in modulating immune responses. Traditionally, BD is regarded as a Th1-mediated inflammatory disease. Recently, Th17 cells were identified as a new subset of Th cells unrelated to Th1 or Th2 cells, and several cytokines are involved in regulating their activation and differentiation. Naive murine CD4+ Th can be induced to differentiate towards Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg phenotypes according to the local cytokine milieu. The committed cells are characterised by expression of specific transcription factors, T bet for Th1, GATA-3 for Th2, Foxp3 for Tregs and RORγt (RORγt/RORC) for Th17 cells. It has been demonstrated that the skewing of murine Th towards Th17 and Treg is mutually exclusive. Th17 cells regulate inflammation via production of distinct cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-17. There is growing evidence that Th17 cells are pathological in many human autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, leading to intense interest in defining their origins, functions and developing strategies to block their pathological effects. Evidence from human disease such as BD suggests that specialised antigen-presenting cells drive their in vivo development. Knowledge of how Th17 cells interact with other immune cells is limited, but recent data suggest that Th17 cells may not be subject to strict cellular regulation by T regulatory cells. Notably, Th17 cells and Treg cells appear to share common developmental pathways and both cell types retain significant plasticity. Herein, we will discuss the molecular and cellular regulation of Th17 cells with an emphasis on BD. The identification of Th17 cells helps us to explain some of the anomalies seen in the Th1/Th2 axis and has broadened our understanding of the immunopathological effects of Th17 cells in the development of BD.