Tver State University

About: Tver State University is a education organization based out in Tver', Russia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Ferroelectricity & Pyroelectricity. The organization has 985 authors who have published 1443 publications receiving 9894 citations. The organization is also known as: Kalinin State University.

A Global Look at Time: A 24-Country Study of the Equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory

Abstract: In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries (N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-factor structure of ZTPI across 23 countries. The short ZTPI scales are reliable for country-level analysis, whereas we recommend the use of the full scales for individual-level analysis. The short version of ZTPI will further promote integration of research in the time perspective domain in relation to many different psycho-social processes.

Conformation-Dependent Sequence Design (Engineering) of AB Copolymers

Abstract: In this Letter, we propose a new approach to the design of specific primary sequences for the copolymers consisting of monomeric units of two types (A and B). This approach is based on the “coloring” in two “colors” monomeric units of a homopolymer taken in some well-defined conformation (globular conformation, conformation of adsorbed chain, etc.), depending on the spatial position of the unit in this “parent” conformation. Our computer simulations show that copolymers with AB sequences generated in this way acquire a number of special functional properties which distinguish them from the AB copolymers with random or block primary structures. In a sense, we can say that some functional features of the parent conformation are “memorized” or “inherited”) and then manifested in other conditions. This special ABsequence design (engineering of AB copolymers) can be achieved not only in computer simulations but in a chemical laboratory as well. Further studies in this direction may have an important impact both in the problem of obtaining AB copolymers with special functional properties and in the problem of the understanding of basic principles of molecular evolution at its early stages. The general idea just described will be first illustrated taking as an example a globular conformation of a polymer

Protein-like copolymers: computer simulation

Abstract: The model ofAB copolymers with a “protein-like” primary sequence was developed. This type of copolymers was obtained in a computer experiment. First, the conformation of a collapsed dense homopolymer globule was generated and then, based on this conformation, the primaryAB sequence was determied by denoting the monomeric units located near the surface of the globule as unitsA and those constituting the core of the globule as unitsB. After that, the primary structure of the chain was fixed, and different interaction potentials for theA andB units were introduced. Drawing an analogy of this model to aqueous solutions of globular proteins,A units were interpreted as hydrophilic, andB units were regarded as hydrophobic. By means of Monte Carlo simulation using the bond fluctuation model, the coli—globule transition in “protein-like”AB copolymer, induced by an increase in the attraction between the hydrophobicB units, was studied. The coil—globule transition in a copolymer with the “protein-like” primary sequence occurs at a higher temperature and has higher rate and is sharper than that in a random copolymer with the sameA/B composition and in a random block copolymer with the sameA/B composition and the same “degree of blockiness”.

Displacive phase transitions at large strains: phase-field theory and simulations.

Abstract: The Landau potential for multivariant displacive phase transformations (PTs) is derived for the most general case of large rotations, elastic and transformational strains, as well as nonlinear and different elastic properties of phases. The method of repetitive superposition of large strains is extended for PTs and is utilized in the finite-element method approach for solution of corresponding coupled phase-field and mechanical problems. Problems of martensitic variants nucleation and evolution in a nanosize sample, including a sample with two nanovoids, are solved. A similar approach can be applied for twinning, dislocations, and reconstructive PTs.

High-field magnetization of Ho 2 Fe 17

Abstract: The magnetization of a Ho${}_{2}$Fe${}_{17}$ single crystal has been measured along the principal crystallographic directions in pulsed magnetic fields up to 60 T. Stepwise discontinuities in the magnetization occur at 45 and 55 T along the [120] and [100] directions, respectively. The data allowed us to deduce the molecular field at the Ho site. As a cross check, the molecular field was determined as well from a magnetization measurement when the Ho${}_{2}$Fe${}_{17}$ single crystal was let rotate freely. Both values are in good agreement with each other.