United States Department of Energy

About: United States Department of Energy is a government organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Coal & Catalysis. The organization has 13656 authors who have published 14177 publications receiving 556962 citations. The organization is also known as: DOE & Department of Energy.

MAXED, a computer code for maximum entropy deconvolution of multisphere neutron spectrometer data

Abstract: Reliable neutron dosimetry requires knowledge of the neutron spectrum. We discuss the problem of analyzing data from a multisphere neutron spectrometer to infer the energy spectrum of the incident neutrons and describe the code MAXED, a computer program developed to apply the maximum entropy principle to this problem. The code and documentation are available from the authors upon request.

Technical Challenges and Opportunities for Concentrating Solar Power With Thermal Energy Storage

Abstract: Concentrating solar power (CSP) provides the ability to incorporate simple, efficient, and cost-effective thermal energy storage (TES) by virtue of converting sunlight to heat as an intermediate step to generating electricity Thermal energy storage for use in CSP systems can be one of sensible heat storage, latent heat storage using phase change materials (PCMs) or thermochemical storage Commercially deployed CSP TES systems have been achieved in recent years, with two-tank TES using molten salt as a storage medium and steam accumulators being the system configurations deployed to date Sensible energy thermocline systems and PCM systems have been deployed on a pilot-scale level and considerable research effort continues to be funded, by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) and others, in developing TES systems utilizing any one of the three categories of TES This paper discusses technoeconomic challenges associated with the various TES technologies and opportunities for advancing the scientific knowledge relating to the critical questions still remaining for each technology

Generators and power electronics technology for wind turbines

Abstract: Due to the very fast development of power electronics, offering both higher capability and lower price/kW the applicability of power electronics in wind turbines increases rapidly. Moreover, new types of generators which may change the configuration of direct driven generators are being developed. This paper summarises the state of art regarding generator and power electronic concepts for wind turbines. The state of the art on wind turbine technology is established by a market oriented approach and the applied topologies are reviewed. Furthermore, trends for generators and power electronics are reviewed through technical and economical identifiers in terms of weight and price versus nominal power. New wind turbine designs are expected in the near future, exploiting the improved capabilities of generators and power electronics. Some of these new concepts are further discussed. Wind turbines are further being planned in big wind farms. These are subjected to quite high demands concerning power quality, controllability and safety. The paper also reviews potential concepts/technologies that can satisfy the defined restrictions.

Tuning the Magic Size of Atomically Precise Gold Nanoclusters via Isomeric Methylbenzenethiols.

Abstract: Toward controlling the magic sizes of atomically precise gold nanoclusters, herein we have devised a new strategy by exploring the para-, meta-, ortho-methylbenzenethiol (MBT) for successful preparation of pure Au130(p-MBT)50, Au104(m-MBT)41 and Au40(o-MBT)24 nanoclusters. The decreasing size sequence is in line with the increasing hindrance of the methyl group to the interfacial Au–S bond. That the subtle change of ligand structure can result in drastically different magic sizes under otherwise similar reaction conditions is indeed for the first time observed in the synthesis of thiolate-protected gold nanoclusters. These nanoclusters are highly stable as they are synthesized under harsh size-focusing conditions at 80–90 °C in the presence of excess thiol and air (i.e., without exclusion of oxygen).