United States Department of Energy

About: United States Department of Energy is a government organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Coal & Catalysis. The organization has 13656 authors who have published 14177 publications receiving 556962 citations. The organization is also known as: DOE & Department of Energy.

Genetic and genomic tools for Xenopus research: The NIH Xenopus initiative.

Abstract: The NIH Xenopus Initiative is establishing many of the genetic and genomic resources that have been recommended by the Xenopus research community. These resources include cDNA libraries, expressed sequence tags, full-length cDNA sequences, genomic libraries, pilot projects to mutagenize and phenotype X. tropicalis, and sequencing the X. tropicalis genome. This review describes the status of these projects and explains how to access their data and resources. Current information about these activities is available on the NIH Xenopus Web site (http://www.nih.gov/science/models/xenopus/).

Electron-induced dissociation of CO2 on TiO2(110).

Abstract: The electron-induced dissociation of CO2 adsorbed at the oxygen vacancy defect on the TiO2(110) surface has been investigated at the single-molecular level using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Electron injection from the STM tip into the adsorbed CO2 induces the dissociation of CO2. The oxygen vacancy defect is found to be healed by the oxygen atom released during the dissociation process. Statistical analysis shows that the dissociation of CO2 is one-electron process. The bias-dependent dissociation yield reveals that the threshold energy for electron-induced dissociation of CO2 is 1.4 eV above the conduction-band minimum of TiO2. The formation of a transient negative ion by the injected electron is considered to be the key process in CO2 dissociation.

Dynamic lightpath establishment in wavelength routed WDM networks

Abstract: In wavelength-routed WDM networks, a control mechanism is required to set up and take down all-optical connections. Upon the arrival of a connection request, this mechanism must be able to select a route, assign a wavelength to the connection, and configure the appropriate optical switches in the network. The mechanism must also be able to provide updates to reflect which wavelengths are currently being used on each link so that nodes may make informed routing decisions. In this work, we review control mechanisms proposed in the literature. We also investigate and compare two different distributed control mechanisms for establishing all-optical connections in a wavelength-routed WDM network: an approach based on link-state routing, and one based on distance-vector routing.