United States Department of Energy

About: United States Department of Energy is a government organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Coal & Catalysis. The organization has 13656 authors who have published 14177 publications receiving 556962 citations. The organization is also known as: DOE & Department of Energy.

Cerium: An Unlikely Replacement of Dysprosium in High Performance Nd–Fe–B Permanent Magnets

Abstract: Replacement of Dy and substitution of Nd in NdFeB-based permanent magnets by Ce, the most abundant and lowest cost rare earth element, is important because Dy and Nd are costly and critical rare earth elements. The Ce, Co co-doped alloys have excellent high-temperature magnetic properties with an intrinsic coercivity being the highest known for T ≥ 453 K.

Single-crystalline Ni(OH)2 and NiO nanoplatelet arrays as supercapacitor electrodes

Abstract: Vertically aligned Ni(OH)2 and NiO single-crystalline nanoplatelet arrays were directly grown on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate by a simple hydrothermal method. The effects of the hydrothermal parameters on the morphology and crystal structure of the nanoarray film were investigated. Controlling the ammonia and persulfate concentrations was the key to controlling the morphology of the nanoarray film. The experimental results showed that the single-crystalline NiO nanoplatelet array was a promising candidate for the supercapacitor electrode. It exhibited a high specific capacitance, prompt charge/discharge rate, and good stability of cycling performance. It is believed that the vertically oriented aligned single-crystalline NiO nanoplatelet array is beneficial to the charge transfer in the electrode and to the ion transport in the solution during redox reaction.

A new global interior ocean mapped climatology: the 1° × 1° GLODAP version 2

Abstract: . We present a mapped climatology (GLODAPv2.2016b) of ocean biogeochemical variables based on the new GLODAP version 2 data product (Olsen et al., 2016; Key et al., 2015), which covers all ocean basins over the years 1972 to 2013. The quality-controlled and internally consistent GLODAPv2 was used to create global 1° × 1° mapped climatologies of salinity, temperature, oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2), total alkalinity (TAlk), pH, and CaCO3 saturation states using the Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis (DIVA) mapping method. Improving on maps based on an earlier but similar dataset, GLODAPv1.1, this climatology also covers the Arctic Ocean. Climatologies were created for 33 standard depth surfaces. The conceivably confounding temporal trends in TCO2 and pH due to anthropogenic influence were removed prior to mapping by normalizing these data to the year 2002 using first-order calculations of anthropogenic carbon accumulation rates. We additionally provide maps of accumulated anthropogenic carbon in the year 2002 and of preindustrial TCO2. For all parameters, all data from the full 1972–2013 period were used, including data that did not receive full secondary quality control. The GLODAPv2.2016b global 1° × 1° mapped climatologies, including error fields and ancillary information, are available at the GLODAPv2 web page at the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC; doi:10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.NDP093_GLODAPv2 ).

Amine‐Tethered Solid Adsorbents Coupling High Adsorption Capacity and Regenerability for CO2 Capture From Ambient Air

Abstract: Silica supported poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) materials are prepared via impregnation and demonstrated to be promising adsorbents for CO2 capture from ultra-dilute gas streams such as ambient air. A prototypical class 1 adsorbent, containing 45 wt % PEI (PEI/silica), and two new modified PEI-based aminosilica adsorbents, derived from PEI modified with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (A-PEI/silica) or tetraethyl orthotitanate (T-PEI/silica), are prepared and characterized by using thermogravimetric analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. The modifiers are shown to enhance the thermal stability of the polymer-oxide composites, leading to higher PEI decomposition temperatures. The modified adsorbents present extremely high CO2 adsorption capacities under conditions simulating ambient air (400 ppm CO2 in inert gas), exceeding 2 mol kgsorbent−1, as well as enhanced adsorption kinetics compared to conventional class 1 sorbents. The new adsorbents show excellent stability in cyclic adsorption–desorption operations, even under dry conditions in which aminosilica adsorbents are known to lose capacity due to urea formation. Thus, the adsorbents of this type can be considered promising materials for the direct capture of CO2 from ultra-dilute gas streams such as ambient air.