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Institution

United States Environmental Protection Agency

GovernmentWashington D.C., District of Columbia, United States
About: United States Environmental Protection Agency is a government organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Environmental exposure. The organization has 13873 authors who have published 26902 publications receiving 1191729 citations. The organization is also known as: EPA & Environmental Protection Agency.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, three studies were conducted to examine precipitation-vegetation relationships in the multi-stemmed shrubsLarrea tridentata, Prosopis glandulosa andFlourensia cernuain a desert ecosystem.

288 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the toxicity of fresh waters with high total dissolved solids has been shown to be dependent on the specific ionic composition of the water, and multiple logistic regression was used to relate ion composition to survival.
Abstract: Toxicity of fresh waters with high total dissolved solids has been shown to be dependent on the specific ionic composition of the water. To provide a predictive tool to assess toxicity attributable to major ions, the authors tested the toxicity of over 2,900 ion solutions using the daphnids, Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna, and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Multiple logistic regression was used to relate ion composition to survival for each of the three test species. In general, relative ion toxicity was K{sup +} > HCO{sub 3}{sup {minus}} {approx} Mg{sup 2+} > Cl{sup {minus}} > SO{sub 4}{sup 2{minus}}; Na{sup +} and Ca{sup 2+} were not significant variables in the regressions, suggesting that the toxicity of Na{sup +} and Ca{sup 2+} salts was primarily attributable to the corresponding anion. For C. dubia and D. magna, toxicity of Cl{sup {minus}}, SO{sub 4}{sup 2{minus}}, and K{sup +} was reduced in solutions enriched with more than one cation. Final regression models showed a good quality of fit to the data (R{sup 2} = 0.767--0.861). Preliminary applications of these models to field-collected samples indicated a high degree of accuracy for the C. dubia model, while the D. magna and fathead minnow models tended to overpredictmore » ion toxicity. Studies of oil and gas produced waters, irrigation drain waters, shale oil leachates, sediment pore waters, and industrial process waters have shown toxicity caused by elevated concentrations of common ions.« less

288 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Improved smoke forecasting and translation of environmental health science into communication of actionable information for use by public health officials, healthcare professionals and the public is needed to motivate behaviors that lower exposure and protect public health, particularly among those at high risk.

288 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These studies demonstrate that organic compounds not previously reported to serve as growth substrates can be utilized by axenic cultures of microorganisms and possess novel degradative systems that are active toward other compounds whose biological degradation has been limited because of inherent structural considerations or because of low aqueous solubility.
Abstract: A soil bacterium capable of utilizing fluoranthene as the sole source of carbon and energy for growth was purified from a seven-member bacterial community previously isolated from a creosote waste site for its ability to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. By standard bacteriological methods, this bacterium was characterized taxonomically as a strain of Pseudomonas paucimobilis and was designated strain EPA505. Utilization of fluoranthene by strain EPA 505 was demonstrated by increase in bacterial biomass, decrease in aqueous fluoranthene concentration, and transient formation of transformation products in liquid cultures where fluoranthene was supplied as the sole carbon source. Resting cells grown in complex medium showed activity toward anthraquinone, benzo[b]fluorene, biphenyl, chrysene, and pyrene as demonstrated by the disappearance of parent compounds or changes in their UV absorption spectra. Fluoranthene-grown resting cells were active against these compound as well as 2,3-dimethylnaphthalene, anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene, naphthalene, and phenanthrene. These studies demonstrate that organic compounds not previously reported to serve as growth substrates can be utilized by axenic cultures of microorganisms. Such organisms may possess novel degradative systems that are active toward other compounds whose biological degradation has been limited because of inherent structural considerations or because of low aqueous solubility.

288 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a cellular automata (CA)-Markov chain model of land cover change was developed to integrate protection of environmentally sensitive areas into urban growth projections at a regional scale, and the analysis provided a quantitative illustration of how their process contributes towards achieving urban planning objectives while incorporating green infrastructure.

287 citations


Authors

Showing all 13926 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Joel Schwartz1831149109985
Timothy A. Springer167669122421
Chien-Jen Chen12865566360
Matthew W. Gillman12652955835
J. D. Hansen12297576198
Dionysios D. Dionysiou11667548449
John P. Giesy114116262790
Douglas W. Dockery10524457461
Charles P. Gerba10269235871
David A. Savitz9957232947
Stephen Polasky9935459148
Judith C. Chow9642732632
Diane R. Gold9544330717
Scott L. Zeger9537778179
Rajender S. Varma9567237083
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202356
202279
2021780
2020787
2019852
2018929