Universidade Estadual de Londrina

About: Universidade Estadual de Londrina is a education organization based out in Londrina, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Toxoplasma gondii. The organization has 13052 authors who have published 19291 publications receiving 212123 citations.

Benefícios do treinamento com pesos para aptidao física de idosos

Abstract: O objetivo desta revisao e elucidar os beneficios do treinamento com pesos (TP) sobre quatro componentes da aptidao fisica (AF) fundamentais para a qualidade de vida de idosos: forca, flexibilidade, equilibrio e resistencia aerobia Foi realizada pesquisa bibliografica nas bases de dados PUBMED e LILACS Foram selecionados estudos que incluiam no titulo os descritores: strength training, resistance training, strength, balance, flexibility, power, aerobic, older e elderly Modificacoes na forca muscular sao observadas apos poucas semanas de TP Essa melhoria pode auxiliar nao so na independencia dos idosos, mas tambem na diminuicao da incidencia de quedas Alem disso, a pratica sistematizada do TP promove melhoria na flexibilidade e na resistencia aerobia de idosos As modificacoes no equilibrio, apos programas de TP, ainda nao estao bem esclarecidas na literatura Desta forma, o TP consiste numa importante ferramenta para a melhoria da AF de idosos, haja vista que promove adaptacoes na forca muscular, flexibilidade e na resistencia aerobia

Characterization of the Sprint and Repeated-Sprint Sequences Performed by Professional Futsal Players, According to Playing Position, During Official Matches.

Abstract: The purposes of this study were to investigate sprints and to characterize repeated-sprint sequences (RS) performed by athletes during professional futsal matches. We analyzed 97 players during 5 official matches using the DVideo automatic tracking system. The sprints were analyzed during the first and second halves according to playing position, and RS were categorized according to the number of sprints and the time between them. The results showed an increase (F[1, 2520] = 3.96; P = .046) in the sprint duration from the first (mean = 3.1 ± 1.3) to the second half (mean = 3.2 ± 1.2). However, no differences were found for other variables (distance covered, peak velocity, initial velocity, recovery time between sprints, and sprints performed per minute) or among playing positions. In addition, when considering RS, the results showed that RS comprising two sprints interspersed with a maximum of 15 seconds of recovery were significantly more frequent than other RS. The findings of this study characterizing the sprinting features of futsal players can help coaches to plan physical training and assessments according to the requirements of the sport.

Acute effects of leptin on glucose metabolism of in situ rat perfused livers and isolated hepatocytes.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether leptin interferes directly with glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in isolated rat hepatocytes and also in in situ rat perfused livers. ANIMALS: Male albino rats (200–250 g) were used in all experiments. MEASUREMENTS: D-glucose, L-lactate and pyruvate production. RESULTS: In the present study, no differences were found for the rates of glycolysis, as expressed by the areas under the curves, among control (24.2+5.0 mmol\g), leptin (32.0+4.5 mmol\g), glucagon (24.7+3.0 mmol\g), and the leptin + glucagon (23.8+3.4 mmol\g) groups. No difference was found for the rates of glycogenolysis between the control and the leptin perfused livers (15.2+3.9 and 15.0+3.2 mmol\g, respectively). In the presence of glucagon, the areas under the curves for the rate of glycogenolysis rose to 108.6+3.8 mmol\g. When leptin was combined with glucagon, the area under the curve for glycogenolysis was 43.7+4.3 mmol\g. In fact, leptin caused a reduction of almost 60% (P<0.001) in the rate of glucagon-stimulated glycogenolysis. Under basal conditions, the addition of leptin (100 ng\ml) to the incubation medium did not elicit any alteration in glucose production by isolated hepatocytes. However, in the presence of leptin, the production of glucose from glycerol (2 mM), L-lactate (2 mM). L-alanine (5 mM) and L-glutamine (5 mM) by the isolated hepatocytes was significantly reduced (30%, 30%, 23% and 25%, respectively). The rate of glucose production (glycogenolysis) by isolated hepatocytes was not different between the control and the leptin incubated groups (445.0±91.0 and 428.0±72.0 nmol\106 cells\h, respectively). CONCLUSION: We conclude that leptin per se does not directly affect either liver glycolysis or its glucose production, but a physiological leptin concentration is capable of acutely inducing a direct marked reduction on the rate of glucagon-stimulated glucose production in in situ rat perfused liver. Leptin is also capable of reducing glucose production from different gluconeogenic precursors in isolated hepatocytes.

Maize Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense Ab-V5 Cells Enriched with Exopolysaccharides and Polyhydroxybutyrate Results in High Productivity under Low N Fertilizer Input.

Abstract: Although Azospirillum strains used in commercial inoculant formulations presents diazotrophic activity, it has been reported that their ability to produce phytohormones plays a pivotal role in plant growth-promotion, leading to a general recommendation of its use in association with regular N-fertilizer doses. In addition, a high variability in the effectiveness of Azospirillum inoculants is still reported under field conditions, contributing to the adoption of the inoculation technology as an additional management practice rather than its use as an alternative practice to the use of chemical inputs in agriculture. To investigate whether the content of stress-resistance biopolymers would improve the viability and performance of Azospirillum inoculants when used as substitute of N-fertilizers, biomass of A. brasilense strain Ab-V5 enriched in exopolysaccharides (EPS) and polyhydroxybutirate (PHB) was produced using a new culture medium developed by factorial mixture design, and the effectiveness of resulting inoculants was evaluated under field conditions. The culture medium formulation extended the log phase of A. brasilense cultures, which presented higher cell counts and increased EPS and PHB contents than observed in the cultures grown in the OAB medium used as control. An inoculation trial with maize conducted under greenhouse conditions and using the biopolymers-enriched Ab-V5 cells demonstrated the importance of EPS and PHB to the long term bacterial viability in soil and to the effectiveness of inoculation. The effectiveness of liquid and peat inoculants prepared with Ab-V5 cells enriched with EPS and PHB was also evaluated under field conditions, using maize as target crop along different seasons, with the inoculants applied directly over seeds or at topdressing under limiting levels of N-fertilization. No additive effect on yield resulted from inoculation under high N fertilizer input, while inoculated plants grown under 80% reduction in N fertilizer showed yields at levels compared to fully fertilized plants, regardless the inoculation method. The presented data highlights the feasibility to partially substitute the N-fertilizer demand in non-legume crops using high-quality inoculant formulations, prepared with diazotrophic bacteria enriched with stress-resistance biopolymers that confer increased viability an effectiveness to the bacterial cells.