Universidade Estadual de Londrina

About: Universidade Estadual de Londrina is a education organization based out in Londrina, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Toxoplasma gondii. The organization has 13052 authors who have published 19291 publications receiving 212123 citations.

Diretrizes curriculares e projetos pedagógicos: é tempo de ação!

Abstract: O texto aponta o teor analitico do artigo "Diretrizes Curriculares e projetos pedagogicos" que abre a secao de debates da REBEn. Faz critica a sua temporalidade e ao fato de nao ser propositivo. Comenta a opiniao das autoras em relacao a formulacao das diretrizes e seu contexto opinando sobre o que expressam em relacao a mudancas na formacao dos profissionais de saude . Ao longo do texto os autores expoe sua opiniao favoravel ao modo como foram construidas as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, destacando o contexto politico em que devem ser interpretadas e que se supoe que serao implementadas.

Karyotype differentiation of four Cestrum species (Solanaceae) based on the physical mapping of repetitive DNA

Abstract: We studied the karyotypes of four Brazilian Cestrum species (C. amictum, C. intermedium, C. sendtnerianum and C. strigilatum) using conventional Feulgen staining, C-Giemsa and C-CMA3/DAPI banding, induction of cold-sensitive regions (CSRs) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with rDNA probes. We found that the karyotypes of all four species was 2n = 2x = 16, with, except for the eighth acrocentric pair, a predominance of meta- and submetacentric chromosomes and various heterochromatin classes. Heterochromatic types previously unreported in Cestrum as neutral C-CMA30/DAPI0 bands, CMA3+ bands not associated with NORs, and C-Giemsa/CSR/DAPI- bands were found. The heterochromatic blocks varied in size, number, position and composition. The 45S rDNA probe preferentially located in the terminal and subterminal regions of some chromosomes, while 5S rDNA appeared close to the centromere of the long arm of pair 8. These results suggest that karyotype differentiation can occur mainly due to changes in repetitive DNA, with little modification in the general composition of the conventionally stained karyotype.

A metodologia da problematização com o Arco de Maguerez: uma perspectiva teórica e epistemológica

Abstract: Este texto apresenta uma sintese de um estudo de carater epistemologico que buscou crivar a Metodologia da Problematizacao com o Arco de Maguerez - como caminho de ensino e de pesquisa -, com vistas a compreender as teorias da educacao e/ou concepcoes de conhecimento que a fundamentam Sao descritas tres versoes de explicacao e de uso do Arco de Maguerez, cada qual associada a diferentes fontes teoricas e pressupostos epistemologicos As versoes indicam um processo de renovacao no contexto das teorias criticas e das epistemologias da praxis Dessa forma, a Metodologia da problematizacao revela maior sustentacao teorica e epistemologica e aplicabilidade no campo do ensino e da pesquisa

Seroprevalence and risk factors for human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 and 2 infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients attending AIDS referral center health units in Londrina and other communities in Paraná, Brazil.

Abstract: The municipality of Londrina ranks second in the number of AIDS cases in the state of Parana, Brazil, with the Ministry of Health notified of 1070 cases from 1984 to 2002. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors for HTLV-1/2 infection in HIV-infected patients attending the AIDS Reference Center serving Londrina (and surrounding region), Parana, Brazil. Data concerning sociodemographic conditions and risk factors were collected from 784 HIV-infected patients, using a questionnaire. Blood samples were obtained from 758 of the patients and subjected to serologic screening tests for the determination of HTLV-1/2, as well as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis. Most patients were white (mean age, 35.9 years); 55.9% were males and 44.1% were females. The most frequent sexually transmitted disease was gonorrhea (28.5%), followed by syphilis (14.3%) and condyloma (12.2%). The major risk factors associated with the acquisition of retroviruses were sexual contact (84.8%) and intravenous drug use (IDU, 11.9%). The overall infection seroprevalence was 6.4% for HTLV-1/2, 37.2% for HBV, 21.0% for HCV, and 24.4% for syphilis. HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections were confirmed in 0.8 and 4.9% of patients, respectively. HIV/HTLV-1/2 coinfection was more frequent in IDUs (59.2% of cases) and was strongly associated with HCV (22.60 [95% CI, 10.35-49.35]). A weak association with HBV (2.09 [95% CI, 1.13-3.90]) and no association with syphilis were observed. The results showed that human retroviruses are circulating in southern Brazil, mainly among white people of both genders of low socioeconomic conditions and educational level. Although the sexual route was considered to be the major risk factor for HIV infection, HTLV-1/2 infection was strongly associated with IDU.

Investment in Fine Roots and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Decrease During Succession in Three Brazilian Ecosystems

Abstract: The functional groups of plants that characterize different phases of succession are expected to show differences in root distribution, fine-root traits and degrees of association with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The relationship involving fine-root traits and AM fungi that regulate the nutrient acquisition potential among different plant functional groups are still not well understood. We assessed fine-root morphology, AM fungal variables and soil fertility in grassland, secondary forest and mature forest in Atlantic, Araucaria and Pantanal ecosystems in Brazil. Soil cores were collected at 0–10 and 10–20 cm depths. Fine roots were extracted from soil by sieving and root morphological traits and AM colonization were determined. The AM spores were extracted from soil and counted. In all ecosystems, soil fertility, fine-root mass and root diameter increased with the succession, while root length, specific root length, root-hair length, root-hair incidence, AM colonization and AM spore density decreased. These results suggest that plant species from early stages of tropical succession with inherent rapid growth invest in fine roots and maintain a high degree of AM colonization in order to increase the capacity for nutrient acquisition. Conversely, fine root morphological characteristics and low degree of AM colonization exhibited by plants of the later stages of succession lead toward a low nutrient uptake capacity that combine with their typical low growth rates. Abstract in Portuguese is available at http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/loi/btp.