Universidade Estadual de Londrina

About: Universidade Estadual de Londrina is a education organization based out in Londrina, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Toxoplasma gondii. The organization has 13052 authors who have published 19291 publications receiving 212123 citations.

O estilo motivacional do professor e a motivação intrínseca dos estudantes: uma perspectiva da Teoria da Autodeterminação

Abstract: A Teoria da Autodeterminacao foi proposta com o objetivo de compreender os componentes da motivacao intrinseca e extrinseca e os fatores relacionados com a sua promocao. Nessa perspectiva, sao abordadas a personalidade e a motivacao humana, concentrando-se nas tendencias evolutivas, nas necessidades psicologicas inatas e nas condicoes contextuais favoraveis a motivacao, ao funcionamento social e ao bem estar pessoal. No contexto da pesquisa educacional, a motivacao intrinseca tem sido relacionada ao envolvimento dos alunos com as tarefas de aprendizagem, pela preferencia por desafios, persistencia, esforco, uso de estrategias de aprendizagem, entre outros resultados positivos. Partindo da Teoria da Autodeterminacao, este artigo tem como objetivos analisar os conceitos relativos a motivacao intrinseca, postulados nessa teoria, refletir sobre o papel do professor, mas especificamente sobre seu estilo na promocao desse padrao motivacional no aluno, bem como discutir as implicacoes educacionais deste tema.

Sarcopenia and physical independence in older adults: the independent and synergic role of muscle mass and muscle function.

Abstract: Background The loss of skeletal muscle mass (MM) or muscle function (MF) alone increases the risk for losing physical independence in older adults. We aimed to examine the independent and synergic associations of low MM and low MF, both criteria of sarcopenia, with the risk for losing projected physical independence in later life (+90 years old). Methods Cross-sectional analyses were conducted in 3493 non-institutionalized older adults (1166 males). Physical independence was assessed with a 12-item composite physical function scale. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds-ratio (OR) for being at risk for losing physical independence. Results Approximately 30% of the participants were at risk for losing physical independence at 90 years of age. Independent analysis demonstrated that participants with low MM had 1.65 (95%CI: 1.27–2.31) increased odds for being at risk for losing physical independence and participants with low MF had 6.19 (95%CI 5.08–7.53) increased odds for being at risk. Jointly, having a low MM and a low MF increased the risk for losing physical independence to 12.28 (95%CI 7.95 to 18.96). Conclusions Although low MM represents a risk factor for losing physical independence, low MF seems to play a more dominant role in this relationship, with the presence of both sarcopenia criteria representing a substantial risk for losing physical independence in later life.

Lepidopteran larva consumption of soybean foliage: basis for developing multiple-species economic thresholds for pest management decisions.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Defoliation by Anticarsia gemmatalis (H¨ ubner), Pseudoplusia includens (Walker), Spodoptera eridania (Cramer), S. cosmioides (Walker) and S. frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was evaluated in four soybean genotypes. A multiple-species economic threshold (ET), based upon the species’ feeding capacity, is proposed with the aim of improving growers’ managementdecisions on when to initiate control measures for the species complex. RESULTS: Consumption by A. gemmatalis, S. cosmioides or S. eridania on different genotypes was similar. The highest consumptionofP.includenswas92.7 cm 2 onCodetec219RR;thatofS.frugiperdawas118 cm 2 onCodetec219RRand115.1 cm 2 on MSoy 8787RR. The insect injury equivalent for S. cosmoides, calculated on the basis of insect consumption, was double the standard consumption by A. gemmatalis, and statistically different from the other species tested, which were similar to each other. CONCLUSIONS: As S. cosmioides always defoliated nearly twice the leaf area of the other species, the injury equivalent would be 2 for this lepidopteran species and 1 for the other species. The recommended multiple-species ET to trigger the beginning of insect control would then be 20 insect equivalents per linear metre. c � 2010 Society of Chemical Industry