Universidade Estadual de Londrina

About: Universidade Estadual de Londrina is a education organization based out in Londrina, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Toxoplasma gondii. The organization has 13052 authors who have published 19291 publications receiving 212123 citations.

Deoxynivalenol as a new factor in the persistence of intestinal inflammatory diseases: an emerging hypothesis through possible modulation of Th17-mediated response.

Abstract: Background/Aims Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species which is commonly found in temperate regions worldwide as a natural contaminant of cereals. It is of great concern not only in terms of economic losses but also in terms of animal and public health. The digestive tract is the first and main target of this food contaminant and it represents a major site of immune tolerance. A finely tuned cross-talk between the innate and the adaptive immune systems ensures the homeostatic equilibrium between the mucosal immune system and commensal microorganisms. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of DON on the intestinal immune response.

Reclassification of Rhizobium tropici type A strains as Rhizobium leucaenae sp. nov.

Abstract: Rhizobium tropici is a well-studied legume symbiont characterized by high genetic stability of the symbiotic plasmid and tolerance to tropical environmental stresses such as high temperature and low soil pH. However, high phenetic and genetic variabilities among R. tropici strains have been largely reported, with two subgroups, designated type A and B, already defined within the species. A polyphasic study comprising multilocus sequence analysis, phenotypic and genotypic characterizations, including DNA–DNA hybridization, strongly supported the reclassification of R. tropici type A strains as a novel species. Type A strains formed a well-differentiated clade that grouped with R. tropici , Rhizobium multihospitium , Rhizobium miluonense , Rhizobium lusitanum and Rhizobium rhizogenes in the phylogenies of the 16S rRNA, recA, gltA, rpoA, glnII and rpoB genes. Several phenotypic traits differentiated type A strains from all related taxa. The novel species, for which the name Rhizobium leucaenae sp. nov. is proposed, is a broad host range rhizobium being able to establish effective root-nodule symbioses with Leucaena leucocephala, Leucaena esculenta, common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Gliricidia sepium. Strain CFN 299T ( = USDA 9039T = LMG 9517T = CECT 4844T = JCM 21088T = IAM 14230T = SEMIA 4083T = CENA 183T = UMR1026T = CNPSo 141T) is designated the type strain of Rhizobium leucaenae sp. nov.

Motivos e prevalência de insatisfação com a imagem corporal em adolescentes

Abstract: OBJETIVO: Verificar os motivos e a prevalencia de insatisfacao com a imagem corporal (IC) em adolescentes. Metodos: Participaram do estudo 641 adolescentes de 11 a 17 anos. A imagem corporal foi autoavaliada atraves da escala de nove silhuetas corporais. Resultados: A prevalencia de insatisfacao com a IC foi de 60,4% (masculino = 54,5%, feminino = 65,7%; p < 0,05). Os rapazes (26,4%) apresentaram maior desejo em aumentar o tamanho da silhueta corporal, enquanto as mocas (52,4%) desejavam diminuir. Prevalencia mais elevada de insatisfacao com a IC foi encontrada nos adolescentes urbanos. Os motivos indicados pelos adolescentes para a insatisfacao foram similares entre os sexos (p = 0,156). Quando ao domicilio, a estetica foi o motivo indicado pelos adolescentes urbanos e a autoestima pelos adolescentes rurais. Foi encontrada associacao entre a percepcao da imagem corporal e os motivos de insatisfacao. Conclusoes: A estetica, a autoestima e a saude sao os motivos que mais influenciam a insatisfacao com a IC. Mais da metade dos adolescentes esta insatisfeita com sua silhueta corporal. Neste sentido, intervencoes por profissionais e servicos de saude sao necessarias nessa fase da vida, para prevenir possiveis problemas futuros de disturbios alimentares (anorexia, bulimia e vigorexia).

Intestinal toxicity of the masked mycotoxin deoxynivalenol-3-β-D-glucoside.

Abstract: Natural food contaminants such as mycotoxins are an important problem for human health. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most common mycotoxins detected in cereals and grains. Its toxicological effects mainly concern the immune system and the gastrointestinal tract. This toxin is a potent ribotoxic stressor leading to MAP kinase activation and inflammatory response. DON frequently co-occurs with its glucosylated form, the masked mycotoxin deoxynivalenol-3-β-d-glucoside (D3G). The toxicity of this later compound remains unknown in mammals. This study aimed to assess the ability of D3G to elicit a ribotoxic stress and to induce intestinal toxicity. The toxicity of D3G and DON (0–10 µM) was studied in vitro, on the human intestinal Caco-2 cell line, and ex vivo, on porcine jejunal explants. First, an in silico analysis revealed that D3G, contrary to DON, was unable to bind to the A-site of the ribosome peptidyl transferase center, the main targets for DON toxicity. Accordingly, D3G did not activate JNK and P38 MAPKs in treated Caco-2 cells and did not alter viability and barrier function on cells, as measured by the trans-epithelial electrical resistance. Treatment of intestinal explants for 4 h with 10 µM DON induced morphological lesions and up-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines as measured by qPCR and pan-genomic microarray analysis. By contrast, expression profile of D3G-treated explants was similar to that of controls, and these explants did not show histomorphology alteration. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that glucosylation of DON suppresses its ability to bind to the ribosome and decreases its intestinal toxicity.