Showing papers by "Universidade Estadual do Vale do Acaraú published in 2017"

An untargeted chemometric evaluation of plasma and ozone processing effect on volatile compounds in orange juice.

Abstract: The study of small molecules based on “fingerprint” approaches and non-target methodologies has been used to understand changes caused during natural or industrial processes. In this work, chemometrics was applied to evaluate changes according to the volatile composition of orange juice subjected to ozone and plasma processing, and its influence on the flavor compounds of the juice. HS-SPME-GC/MS analysis was able to differentiate the juices processed by ozone and plasma, mainly showing the oxidation of limonene, y-terpinene, and linalool to the orange off-flavor components α-terpineol and terpinen-4-ol, the formation of decanal, and the degradation of p-cymene. The multivariate chemical analysis of volatile compounds of orange juice indicated a significant difference between juices treated with short-period ozone treatment (1 to 3 min) and using long-period ozone treatment and plasma treatment.

Atividade antimicrobiana e potencial terapêutico do gênero Lippia sensu lato (Verbenaceae)

Abstract: RESUMO O crescente numero de doencas infecciosas somado ao aumento continuo da resistencia antimicrobiana de determinados micro-organismos justificam a busca constante por novos farmacos. Diante dessa situacao, os vegetais representam uma fonte rica de recursos bioativos de interesse farmacologico, dentre os quais a familia Verbenaceae, que possui representantes com potencial ja confirmados contra diversos agentes patogenicos, especialmente o genero Lippia L., cujas especies sao muito utilizadas na medicina popular por possuirem propriedades anti-inflamatoria, antifungica, antisseptica, anti-hipertensiva, ansiolitica, anti-leishmania, antiviral, digestivas, entre outras aplicacoes. A presente revisao reune informacoes acerca do potencial antimicrobiano das principais especies do genero Lippia, relacionando ao tipo de extrato, seus constituintes e a importância desse genero dentro da prospeccao de produtos naturais, bem como suas caracteristicas fitoquimicas e biologicas.

A Quantitative Analysis of the Quality of Pharmacy Education in Brazil

Abstract: Objective. To compare the quality indicators of public and private pharmacy schools in Brazil. Method. Descriptive data regarding undergraduate pharmacy schools recorded as of April 2016 was obtained from the website of Brazil's Ministry of Education. The quality indicators analyzed included scores on the National Student Performance Examination, preliminary classification of the school, and final classification of the school. The schools were graded on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being excellent. Results. Four hundred sixty-seven Brazilian pharmacy schools were analyzed. The number of schools and class sizes has been increasing since 1832. The number of private pharmacy schools has increased since 1996, with the majority located in non-capital cities. The results showed an isomorphic characteristic of the quality indicators and a central tendency of the scores (score of 3), which are indicators of satisfactory quality. Most public institutions received a score of excellent. Conclusion. The analysis found an increase in the number of pharmacy schools in the private sector in Brazil and that the quality of public institutions was better than that of private institutions. Qualitative research should be carried out to complement the quantitative findings reported here.

Desempenho produtivo e características de carcaça de cordeiros Rabo Largo puro e cruzados com Santa Inês

Abstract: RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do cruzamento entre ovinos nativos no desempenho e caracteristicas da carcaca. Foram utilizados vinte cordeiros, machos, inteiros, com idade inicial de quatro meses, e peso medio inicial 19,0±5,11, distribuidos em dois grupos geneticos: Rabo Largo (RL) e Santa Ines x Rabo Largo (F1SI x RL), em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso. Os animais foram terminados em regime de confinamento durante 70 dias. Os cordeiros F1SI x RL apresentaram maiores pesos ao desmame, ao abate, do corpo vazio, das carcacas quente e fria, e maior rendimento biologico. Verificaram maiores valores para os parâmetros de morfometria da carcaca para animais F1SI x RL comparados aos animais Rabo Largo (P<0,05). Os pesos da hemi-carcaca e dos cortes comerciais foram superiores para cordeiros F1SI x RL. Nas medidas obtidas no musculo Longissimus dorsi, os cordeiros Rabo Largo apresentaram valores superiores para espessura de gordura subcutânea. A utilizacao da raca Santa Ines como base paterna acarreta em melhorias nas caracteristicas de carcaca de cordeiros Rabo Largo podendo ser indicado em sistemas de producao de carne ovina.

Caprine lentivirus in sheep milk and semen.

Abstract: With the objective of detecting the presence of caprine lentivirus (CLV) in ewe milk and in ram semen, ten matrixes and four reproducers experimentally infected with CLV were used. Samples of ewe milk were collected during the four months of lactation, five collections per animal, totaling 50 samples. Regarding the rams, eight semen collections were made per animal, during one year of experimentation, totaling 32 samples. The milk and semen samples were submitted to DNA extraction and the nested polymerase chain reaction test (nPCR) to detect CLV proviral DNA. Eight (16%) of the milk samples were positive in nPCR originating from two ewes. Only one (3.12%) semen sample was positive. The amplification products were sequenced, and were confirmed to be a CLV genomic sequence. Thus, the presence of CLV proviral DNA in sheep milk and semen was demonstrated, confirming the feasibility of infection between species, and alerting to the risk of spreading infections. [Lentivirus caprino em leite e semen de ovinos]. Resumo: Com o objetivo de detectar a presenca do lentivirus caprino (LVC) no leite de ovelhas e no semen de carneiros, utilizaram-se 10 matrizes e quatro reprodutores infectados experimentalmente com o LVC. Foram coletadas amostras de leite das ovelhas durante os quatro meses de lactacao, ocorrendo cinco coletas por animal, totalizando 50 amostras. Quanto aos carneiros, realizaram-se oito coletas de semen por animal, durante um ano de experimentacao, totalizando 32 amostras. As amostras de leite e de semen foram submetidas a extracao de DNA e a prova de reacao em cadeia da polimerase do tipo nested (nPCR) visando a deteccao de DNA proviral do LVC. Oito (16%) amostras de leite foram positivas na nPCR oriundas de duas ovelhas. Apenas uma (3,12%) amostra de semen apresentou positividade. Produtos da amplificacao foram sequenciados, confirmando-se tratar de sequencia genomica do LVC. Dessa forma, demonstrou-se a presenca do DNA proviral do LVC em leite e semen de ovinos, confirmando a viabilidade da infeccao entre especies e, assim, alertando sobre o risco de que a infeccao seja disseminada.

Farelo de algodão em dietas com ou sem suplementação de enzimas para frango de corte

Abstract: Este experimento foi conduzido com a finalidade de avaliar dietas contendo farelo de algodao em substituicao a proteina do farelo de soja, com ou sem suplementacao enzimatica sobre o desempenho e caracteristicas de carcaca de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 350 pintos distribuidos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 + 1 (2 niveis de substituicao: 10 ou 20% x suplementacao ou nao com enzimas + dieta controle), totalizando cinco tratamentos, com sete repeticoes. Quando comparados a dieta controle, na fase pre-inicial, os pintos submetidos as dietas contendo farelo de algodao apresentaram maior consumo de racao e ganho de peso. No entanto, quando avaliados os periodos de 1 a 21 e 1 a 42 dias, o desempenho das aves foi semelhante. No periodo total da criacao, houve efeito do nivel de substituicao e da suplementacao enzimatica, em que a substituicao de 20% e a adicao de enzimas resultaram em melhor ganho de peso. Nas caracteristicas de carcaca, verificou-se que a dieta com 10% de substituicao com adicao de enzimas aumentou o peso da coxa, em comparacao a dieta controle e a substituicao de 20% em maior rendimento de sobrecoxa. Tambem foi verificado maior peso de coxa com a adicao das enzimas. Conclui-se que o farelo de algodao pode ser utilizado em substituicao de 20% da proteina do farelo de soja em dietas com suplementacao das enzimas fitase e xilanase para frangos de corte.

A new modulation method to generate all-optical logic gates in an AOTF

Abstract: We propose a new method of optical modulation using a conventional acousto-optic tunable filter. In this device the all-optical logic gates, namely AND and OR, are obtained by simultaneously operation of optical double sideband (ODSB) modulation and a pulse position frequency domain modulation (PPFDM). This device shall operate with ultrashort soliton light pulses 100 ps. In this way, a pulse will carry two bits of information after been encoded by the modulation proposed here. We then analyze the modulation ODSB—PPFDM for input pulses, polarized in the two input modes, allowing a variation in the modulation parameter for each input pulse. A phase difference Δϕ = π rad was considered between both input pulses, it was obtained the occurrence of an AND (OR) logical gate at lower (upper) sideband of the TE output pulse as well as at upper (lower) sideband of the TM output pulse.

Bistability of ultrashort pulses in FBG under different nonlinearity profiles

Abstract: In this work, we studied the optical bistability of Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) under nonlinear regime, considering three increasing and decreasing profiles of nonlinearity: linear, quadratic and exp...

Chelated Minerals and Limestone Particle Sizes on Performance and Bone Quality of Brown-Egg Layers

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate productive performance, egg quality, and bone quality of commercial brown-egg layers fed diets containing organic and inorganic minerals and three limestone particle sizes A total of 288 birds at 64 weeks of age were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement (two mineral sources and three limestone particle sizes) and eight replicates The experiment lasted 112 days, divided into four periods The following treatments were tested: T1 = inorganic minerals + 100% fine limestone; T2 = inorganic minerals + 50% fine limestone + 50% coarse limestone; T3 = inorganic minerals + 100% coarse limestone; T4 = inorganic + organic minerals + 100% fine limestone; T5 = inorganic + organic minerals + 50% fine limestone + 50% coarse limestone; and T6 = inorganic + organic minerals +100% coarse limestone There was no significant interaction effect between the studied factors on any of the variables No significant effect of the types of mineral mixes or limestone particle sizes were observed on the performance, egg quality, or bone quality variables evaluated In conclusion, organic or inorganic minerals associated with limestone in fine, medium, or coarse particle sizes can be used in diets for brown-egg layers without affecting their productive performance, egg quality, or bone quality

Migration, quality of life and health of brazilian immigrants in Portugal

Abstract: Background: Immigrants face many challenges when settling in a foreign country, numerous factors influence this immigrant experience including the resources they bring with them and those they find in the host society. The literature has indicated that a significant number of individuals migrate in search of a better quality of life. In this context, the objective of the study was to analyze the quality of life and health of Brazilian immigrants living in Portugal, using the "Medical Outcomes Study: 36-Item Short Form Survey" (SF-36). Methods and Results: A cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach developed under the project titled: Health status and quality of life of Brazilian immigrants in Portugal conducted in the first half of 2016, with 682 Brazilian immigrant women over 18 living in Portugal. This study adopted as reference SF-36, a generic instrument for the evaluation of Quality of Life. It can be affirmed that the quality of life and health of Brazilian immigrants living in Portugal is good, since all dimensions presented values above 50%. It was evidenced that Brazilian immigrants who live alone have lower levels of quality of life and health than those who live with someone and, that Brazilian immigrants who are unemployed, have low levels of quality of life and health compared to those who are in another employment situation, and Brazilian immigrants entering the labor market with a workload of more than 40 hours per week present similar levels of quality of life and health compared to those who work fewer hours. Conclusion: In general, one can affirm that the quality of life and health of Brazilian immigrants living in Portugal is good, but due to the particularities of the migration process in the current political and international context, a systematic monitoring of living conditions and health of this population is necessary. Keywords: Emigrants and Immigrants; Quality of life; Women, Mental health

Qualidade de vida de imigrantes brasileiras vivendo em Portugal

Abstract: RESUMO O artigo teve como objetivo avaliar a Qualidade de Vida (QV) de brasileiras vivendo em Portugal. O 'Medical Outcomes Study: 36-Item Short Form Survey' (SF-36) e um questionario sociodemografico foram aplicados a amostra de 682 brasileiras maiores de 18 anos. Verificou-se que a media dos preditores de QV foi superior para a dimensao 'capacidade funcional'; enquanto as dimensoes 'aspectos emocionais', 'saude mental' e 'vitalidade' apresentaram valores menores. Constatou-se que os processos da migracao e da QV constituem pauta de investigacao continua para a promocao da saude no pais de acolhimento.

Oficina Mapa Vivo na atenção básica: estratégia de planejamento local ao combate ao Aedes aegypti

Abstract: RESUMO Este estudo objetivou relatar a realizacao de uma oficina do Mapa Vivo na atencao primaria com enfoque no combate ao mosquito Aedes aegypti. Trata-se do relato da experiencia de monitores e preceptores do Programa de Educacao pelo Trabalho para a Saude (PET-Saude/GraduaSUS). A realizacao da oficina constituiu-se em ferramenta de promocao de um espaco de compartilhamento e sistematizacao da territorializacao realizada, colaborando para o conhecimento do territorio, desafios e possibilidades de intervencoes.

Violence In Immigrants: Effects On Health, Perception Of Discrimination And Loneliness

Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of violence against Brazilian immigrant women since their arrival in Portugal and to know the consequences of this violence on the women's experience, specifically on health, perception of discrimination and loneliness. Conducted in the first half of 2016, with 682 women over 18 years of age living in Portugal for more than three months. Two types of collection were instituted: online, through the Limasurvey Platform, and in person, at the Consulate General of Brazil in Porto and Lisbon and in the Mais Association, applying the Discrimination Perceptions, Loneliness Scales (ULS-6) and Mental Health Problems. The results suggest that Brazilian women who have been targets of violence in Portugal have a worse perception of their health, a higher perception of discrimination, a higher level of solitude and more mental problems, which indicates that this group of immigrants has some vulnerabilities in the country, since violence has a harmful effect on physical and mental health. It is believed to be crucial to create a policy that aims at transforming actions aimed at strengthening the citizen and collective consciousness of these immigrant women

Compressive strength values dispersion of side-mixed and ready-mixed concretes

Abstract: Compressive strength testing method has been widely used as indirect way for evaluate the concrete quality, due to it simplest execution, reliability of the results achieved and low cost of execution. Independently, if the concrete was side or ready-mixed, it is necessary to achieve the compressive strength requirements stated during structure design, essentially because this parameter allows the obtainment of the average strength of the reinforced concrete structure analyzed. Following, as for ready-mixed, as for side-mixed concretes, it is need to ensure the correspondence between the concrete design parameters and the concrete mixed, namely these parameters are summarized in terms of the compressive strength and homogeneity in the different phases of the construction. This way, the present work aims to do the analysis of the dispersions of the compressive strength of concretes mixtures (corresponding to compressive strength classes of 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 MPa), and identify some influence factors, in this case, the influence of the workers team variation. Two mixtures (35 MPa and 40 MPa) were ready-mixed, while five of the concrete mixtures were side-mixed, by five different worker’s group with same time of experience on concrete’s manufacture. The results demonstrate that the variation of the workers team presents a high influence for the homogeneity of the compressive strength of the concrete.

As tensões eurocêntricas no pensamento de Mariátegui e os dilemas da constituição do marxismo na América Latina

Abstract: Este artigo apresenta as tensoes eurocentricas da interpretacao marxista de Mariategui acerca da formacao da sociedade peruana Por tensoes eurocentricas entende-se o processo de simultânea critica e reiteracao do paradigma eurocentrico Por um lado, Mariategui contribuiria para a critica ao eurocentrismo a partir de duas vias Ao apontar como a relacao entre capitalismo e colonialismo suscitou a articulacao entre diferentes formas de propriedade privada e organizacao do trabalho em fundacao da acumulacao capitalista, recusando uma pretensa validade universal das etapas de desenvolvimento historico europeu para compreensao da realidade latino-americana Tambem contribuiu a partir da proposicao da centralidade do papel das populacoes indigenas no processo de construcao de um socialismo indo-americano Por outro lado, a reiteracao do eurocentrismo esteve relacionada com a hierarquia cultural estabelecida entre europeus e nao europeus em sua compreensao das relacoes raciais na America Latina, destacadamente no que concerne das pessoas de origem africana e asiatica

A tutoria como dispositivo de apoio a um Sistema Municipal de Saúde

Abstract: RESUMO Neste artigo, abordou-se a funcao apoio realizada pela tutoria no contexto de um Sistema Municipal de Saude. Trata-se de estudo de caso ancorado em uma epistemologia qualitativa. Tem como cenario um municipio do semiarido nordestino. Os dados apresentados originam-se de documentos e entrevistas em profundidade realizadas com trabalhadores(as) que exercem a funcao de tutoria. O referencial de examinacao dos dados foi a analise de conteudo. A construcao historica do papel do tutor, suas concepcoes, atribuicoes e contribuicoes revelam que este trabalhador tem exercido a funcao apoio, movendo-se do apoio institucional ao apoio pedagogico, promovendo uma sintese complexa, que articula estas duas dimensoes de apoio.

Quality of life of Brazilian immigrant women living in Portugal

Abstract: This article aims to evaluates the Quality of Life (QoL) of Brazilian women living in Portugal. The 'Medical Outcomes Study: 36-Item Short Form Survey' (SF-36) and a sociodemographic questionnaire were applied to the sample of 682 Brazilian women over 18 years old. The average values for the predictors of QoL were higher for the dimension 'functional capacity'; whereas 'emotional aspects', 'mental health', and 'vitality' showed lower values. It was found that the processes of migration and QoL constitute an agenda of continuous research for health promotion in the hosting country.