Showing papers by "Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso published in 2022"

The challenges on operating a zero net energy building facing global warming conditions

Abstract: This study proposes a methodology to evaluate the energy performance of existing Zero Energy Buildings and to prospect retrofit strategies in a Savannah climate, concerning the A2 scenario of emissions from the Fourth Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The selected building to study is recognized for its high energy performance, named Centro SEBRAE de Sustentabilidade (CSS). Two efficient measures were considered: (i) improvement in the air conditioning system coefficient of performance (COP) and (ii) in the energy efficiency of the photovoltaic plates of generation on-site. The methodology is grounded in the potential bioclimatic concept and the employed steps applied were: preparation of climate archives in the 2020, 2050 and 2080 time-slices; calibration of the computational model; evaluation of the retrofit strategies on its energy consumption efficiency through computer simulation. Considering the CSS has already attended mostly the bioclimatic strategies for the local climate and has high efficiency measures in its systems, the retrofit focused the air conditioning and PV system. The isolated retrofit of the air conditioning system was unable to guarantees the NZEB condition despite providing an adequate level of energy efficiency until 2080. The retrofit of the PV system was the only one that provides the NZEB condition for climate change scenarios. The contribution of this paper is to provide a guide to be used in NZEBs, with measures of optimization that provide high potential bioclimatic face to the local where it is built, making it possible to maintain this condition in scenarios of global warming.

Factors associated with presenteeism in nursing workers.

Abstract: Objective to analyze factors associated with presenteeism in nursing workers with sociodemographic variables, health and work conditions, productivity and musculoskeletal symptoms. Methods this is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, with 306 nursing workers from a hospital and municipal emergency room in a Brazilian capital. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale, the Work Limitations Questionnaire, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire on nursing professionals' working conditions and health were used. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed, respecting a significance level of 5%. Results presenteeism was found in 43.8% of professionals and significant associations with CLT work (p=0.002), workplace - Intensive Care Units (p=0.008), physical exercise twice a week (p=0.008), presence of musculoskeletal symptoms, with low back pain being representative (p=0.001). The productivity loss was 8.8. Conclusions the study confirms a high rate of presenteeism among nursing workers.

Health beliefs and adherence of the elderly to fall prevention measures: a quasi-experimental study.

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on health beliefs and adherence of elderly people to fall prevention measures. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, carried out at the Senior Citizens' Center. Sixty-eight elderly completed the intervention. The intervention consisted of four meetings focused on beliefs about falls and prevention, and the evaluation occurred at baseline and 30 days after completion. Results: The elderly were predominantly women (83.82%), with one to four years of schooling (36.76%), with health problems (95.59%), and 48.53% had fallen. There was a significant increase in perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and total health belief score post educational intervention. By adding total to partial adherence, there was a significant increase in the adherence of the elderly to fall prevention measures after the educational intervention. Conclusion: Educational intervention was able to improve the beliefs and adherence of the elderly to fall prevention measures.

Decolorization of the benzidine-based azo dye Congo red by the new strain Shewanella xiamenensis G5-03.

Abstract: Shewanella xiamenensis G5-03 was observed to decolorize the azo dye Congo red in synthetic wastewater. The influence of some factors on the dye decolorization efficiency was evaluated. The optimal decolorization conditions were temperature 30-35 °C, pH 10.0, incubation time 10 h, and static condition. The kinetic of Congo red decolorization fitted to the Michaelis–Menten model (Vmax = 111.11 mg L-1 h-1 and Km = 448.3 mg L-1). The bacterium was also able to degrade benzidine, a product of azo bond breakage of the Congo red, which contributed to reduce the phytotoxicity. The ability of S. xiamenensis G5-03 for simultaneous decolorization and degradation of Congo red shows its potential application for the biological treatment of wastewaters containing azo dyes.

Drought Cycle Analysis to Evaluate the Influence of a Dense Network of Small Reservoirs on Drought Evolution

Abstract: Drought-affected regions often contain high densities of small reservoirs, usually informally built, as drought-coping mechanism. These structures influence socio-hydrological dynamics and have the potential to alter hydrological processes relevant to drought emergence and development. This study aimed to analyze the influence of a high concentration of small reservoirs on the intensification and evolution of drought events. We present an innovative method, which we call “Drought Cycle Analysis”, that tracks the concomitance of precipitation and water storage deficit and associates this with four drought stages: Wet Period, Meteorological drought, Hydro-meteorological drought and Hydrological drought period. The methodology was tested for the Riacho do Sangue River watershed located in the semi-arid region of northeast Brazil. We used a combination of satellite imagery (Landsat 5, 7 and 8) and an empirical equation to estimate the volume stored in the dense network of small reservoirs. Using the Drought Cycle Analysis, we show that the unmonitored small reservoirs induced and modified drought events, extending the duration of hydrological drought on average by 30%. Furthermore, this extension can double for specific drought events. The Drought Cycle Analysis method proved useful for monitoring and comparing the evolution of different drought events, in addition to being applicable as an auxiliary tool in the improvement of water resources management of large reservoirs. This study demonstrates the importance of considering small reservoirs in water resource management strategy development for drought-prone regions.

Trophic Niche Dynamics and Diet Partitioning of King Crab Lithodes santolla in Chile’s Sub-Antarctic Water

Abstract: The southern king crab Lithodes santolla is one of the most economically important fishery species in the southern waters of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. A combination of stomach content and stable isotope analyses was used to reveal the potential dietary characteristics, isotopic niche, overlap among maturity stages and sexes, and trophic relationships of an L. santolla population in the Nassau Bay, Cape Horn region. Stable isotope analyses indicated that L. santolla assimilated energy from a basal carbon source, the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera, forming the trophic baseline of the benthic food web. Moreover, the trophic position of L. santolla varied among late juveniles and adults, suggesting that the southern king crab does undergo an ontogenetic diet shift. L. santolla exhibited intraspecific isotopic niche variation, reflecting niche differentiation which allows the species to partition resources. The trophic relationships of L. santolla with the associated fauna suggested some potential interactions for food resources/habitat use when they are limited. This study is the first attempt to characterize the trophic dynamics of the southern king crab in the Cape Horn area and, by generating more data, contributes to the conservation of the king crab population and the long-term management of local fisheries that rely on this resource.

Currículo e práticas na educação superior no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19

Abstract: The contagion by the Sars-CoV-2 virus brought consequences to all spheres of social life, and Higher Education also needed to respond to the health emergency. The response speed of Higher Education Institutions to maintain academic activities in this scenario was related to the technical and technological capabilities and the mastery of the distance and/or online education model already installed. The discussion about digital accessibility and connectivity also permeated the construction of these responses. This study aims to analyze university pedagogical practices and the need for curricular reinvention imposed by the global crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a qualitative and quantitative research. A literature survey was conducted and an online semi-structured questionnaire was applied. The sample is composed of 106 professors who work in Brazilian public and private Higher Education Institutions. The research findings show that the pandemic context demanded an emerging pedagogical model, called emergency remote teaching. It was found that there was an effort by professors to qualify for the use of digital technologies in the mediation of the teaching and learning process, curriculum, and pedagogical practices readjustment, enabling students to have new learning experiences.

Factors associated with the incomplete opportune vaccination schedule up to 12 months of age, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso.

Abstract: Objective: To analyze factors associated with the incomplete timely vaccination schedule up to 12 months of age, in children born in 2015, in the municipality of Rondonopolis, Mato Grosso. Methods: Population survey, August/2017 to February/2018, which used the method proposed by the World Health Organization to collect information about routine vaccination. For analysis of the associated factors, the recommendations of the National Immunization Program of the Ministry of Health were considered. Univariate analysis was performed, and the factors associated with p<0.20 entered in the multiple analysis, with hierarchical entry of individual variables and contextual indicator of concentration of the income extremes. Results: The incomplete timely vaccination schedule up to 12 months was 82.03% (95%CI 78.41–86.63). In the final model, the following remained independently associated: having one or more siblings at home (OR 3.18; 95%CI 1.75–5.76) and not receiving a visit from a community health worker in the last 30 days (OR 1.93; 95%CI 1.04–3.57). Conclusions: It is necessary to implement an active search for children with vaccination delay in relation to the recommended interval for each vaccine, in addition to the need to strengthen the link of the family health strategy and child caregivers.

Factors associated with the perception of fear of COVID-19 in university students

Abstract: Objective: to analyze the factors associated with the perception of fear of COVID-19 in Brazilian university students. Methods: this is an online, cross-sectional analytical study conducted at a Brazilian public university with 1,437 undergraduate students between September and November 2020. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale was used to measure the main construct. Data analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test, Cohen’s r test and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: factors associated with fear of COVID-19 in university students were the variables biological sex, perception of good sleep quality, many days of access to information, not complying with social distancing, reporting sufficient hours of sleep, not having a partner, guidance sexual non-heterosexual, being in the risk group for COVID-19 and tobacco consumption. Conclusions: the study findings can contribute to the discussion about the weaknesses that the university population is experiencing in this pandemic period.

Breastfeeding undernutrition changes iBAT-involved thermogenesis protein expression and leads to a lean phenotype in adult rat offspring.

Abstract: Nutritional insults early in life have been associated with metabolic diseases in adulthood. We aimed to evaluate the effects of maternal food restriction during the suckling period on metabolism and interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) thermogenically involved proteins in adult rat offspring. Wistar rats underwent food restriction by 50% during the first two-thirds of lactation (FR50 group). Control rats were fed ad libitum throughout lactation (CONT group). At birth, the litter size was adjusted to eight pups, and weaning was performed at 22 days old. Body weight and food and water intake were assessed every two days. High- (HCD, 4,589 cal) and normal-caloric diet (NCD, 3,860 cal) preferences, as well as food intake during the dark part of the cycle, were assessed. At 100 days old, the rats were euthanized, and blood and tissues were removed for further analyses. Adult FR50 rats, although hyperphagic and preferring to eat HCD (P

O produto interno bruto do Brasil ajustado pela depreciação do solo agrícola

Abstract: Resumo: A contabilizacao da deplecao dos ativos ambientais, que servem como suporte ao crescimento economico, tem permitido a consideracao do passivo ambiental na mensuracao do Produto Interno Bruto Ajustado Ambientalmente (PIBA). Busca-se mensurar a deplecao causada no ativo ambiental solo, no que se refere ao balanco de NPK e seu impacto sobre a producao nacional. Os fluxos de entrada e saida de nutrientes foram monetizados e introduzidos na Matriz de Contabilidade Social e Ambiental do Brasil para 2010. Ao representar uma externalidade negativa, o saldo positivo do Balanco Monetario de Nutrientes do solo permitiu a estimacao do PIBA brasileiro inferior ao PIB em R$ 4.176 milhoes. Pode-se afirmar tambem que, a cada incremento de um milhao de reais das exportacoes de produtos agropecuarios, os demais setores produtivos sao induzidos ao aumento da producao que somaria R$ 5.329,5 mil. No entanto, esse aumento da producao causaria a reducao da fertilidade do solo equivalente a R$ 10.760,69 que e totalmente reposta pelos dispendios na aplicacao de nutrientes.

Seroprevalence and hematological abnormalities associated with Ehrlichia canis in dogs referred to a veterinary teaching hospital in central-western Brazil

Abstract: Ticks are significant parasites of dogs in the tropics, where tick-borne pathogens are highly prevalent, especially in areas where tick control measures are frequently neglected. This study investigated the seroprevalence and hematological abnormalities associated with Ehrlichia canis in dogs referred to a veterinary teaching hospital in Central-western Brazil. Out of 264 dogs tested for anti-Ehrlichia canis antibodies by an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), 59.1% (156/264) were positive. Seropositivity was significantly associated to anemia and thrombocytopenia, alone or in combination, and to leukopenia. Conversely, there were no differences in terms of seroprevalence according to sex, breed and age. This study demonstrated that dogs referred to a veterinary teaching hospital in Central-western Brazil are highly exposed to E. canis and that seropositive dogs are more likely to present hematological abnormalities, particularly anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. To our knowledge, this is the first study on detection of anti-E. canis antibodies by means of IFA among dogs in the state of Goias. These findings highlighted the need for increasing awareness among dog owners regarding tick control measures in Central-western Brazil, ultimately to reduce the risk of exposure to E. canis and other tick-borne pathogens.

First report on the isolation and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii strains from free-range chickens in the state of Mato Grosso, Midwestern Brazil.

Abstract: In the present study, 51 strains of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) were isolated from free-range chickens in the state of Mato Grosso, Midwestern Brazil, upon conducting bioassays in mice, and genotyped them using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and 11 markers, including SAG1, SAG2 (5′3′SAG2 and alt. SAG2), SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22–8, c29–2, L358, PK1, Apico, and CS3. Fifty isolates were completely genotyped revealing 17 genotypes of T. gondii as follows: 12 matched using ToxoDB PCR-RFLP with the previously reported genotypes, including #6 type BrI (n = 4), #8 type BrIII (n = 7), #11 type BrII (n = 3), #14 (n = 1), #19 (n = 1), #41 (n = 1), #99 (n = 1), #109 (n = 4), #116 (n = 1), #140 (n = 2), #166 (n = 9), #190 (n = 1); and five genotypes have not been described before [#313 (n = 6), #314 (n = 1), #315 (n = 1), #316 (n = 1), #317 (n = 1)]. Moreover, mixed infections were identified in five isolates (TgCkBrMT8, TgCkBrMT9, TgCkBrMT33, TgCkBrMT38, and TgCkBrMT41). Additionally, genotype #190 was reported for the first time in chickens from Brazil. Our results corroborate with previous studies on T. gondii isolates identified in chickens from Brazil, thereby confirming their diversity, a typicality, and possibility of co-infection due to different T. gondii strains present in the country.

Time Course of Recovery Following CrossFit® Karen Benchmark Workout in Trained Men

Abstract: The establishment of fatigue following the acute exercise stimulus is a complex and multi-factorial process, that might arise due to a range of distinct physiological mechanisms. However, a practical method of assessing CrossFit® athletes' recovery status has been neglected entirely in real-world sporting practice. The study describes the acute and delayed time course of recovery following the CrossFit® Benchmark Workout Karen. Eight trained men (28.4 ± 6.4 years; 1RM back squat 139.1 ± 26.0 kg) undertook the Karen protocol. The protocol consists of 150 Wall Balls (9 kg), aiming to hit a target 3 m high. Countermovement jump height (CMJ), creatine kinase (CK), and perceived recovery status scale (PRS) (general, lower and upper limbs) were assessed pre, post-0h, 24, 48 and 72 h after the session. The creatine kinase concentration 24 h after was higher than pre-exercise (338.4 U/L vs. 143.3 U/L; p = 0.040). At 48h and 72 h following exercise, CK concentration had returned to baseline levels (p > 0.05). The general, lower and upper limbs PRS scores were lower in the 24-h post-exercise compared to pre-exercise (general PRS: 4.7 ± 1.5 and 7.7 ± 1.7; p = 0.013; upper limbs PRS: 6.6 ± 1.3 and 7.5 ± 1.3; p = 0.037; lower limbs PRS: 3.9 ± 2.5 and 7.3 ± 0.1; p = 0.046). Our findings provide insights into the fatigue profile and recovery in acute CrossFit® and can be useful to coaches and practitioners when planning training programs. Moreover, recovery status can be useful to optimize training monitoring and to minimize the potential detrimental effects associated with the performance of repeated high-intensity sessions of CrossFit®.

Extending the benefit of nutrition intervention beyond the operative setting

Abstract: To provide an update of the recent evidence on the potential of perioperative nutritional interventions to benefit adult patients undergoing head and neck and digestive procedures.Perioperative nutrition within multimodal prehabilitation programs improve postoperative outcomes. Perioperative fasting time can be reduced with beverages containing carbohydrate alone or blended with a nitrogenous source such as whey protein; this approach seems to be safe and improve outcome. The choice of protein-containing formula, as well as diet composition to be recommended early during the postoperative refeeding, can be optimized to reduce complications. Sarcopenia is an important risk factor for surgical patients, as such, prehabilitation along with preoperative nutrition is strongly advised. Perioperative supplementation with β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate to mitigate sarcopenia requires further investigation. Although perioperative nutritional interventions reduce healthcare costs, recent data suggest it has been scarcely prescribed.Nutritional intervention is key in multimodal programs of enhanced recovery after surgery to ensure better outcomes. Perioperative fasting should be shortened, and include clear fluids containing carbohydrates and protein, especially in the early postoperative period. Multimodal prehabilitation is key to mitigate sarcopenia. Action to improve knowledge on the cost-effectiveness of nutritional interventions in the perioperative setting are needed.

Environmental Factors at the Periconceptional Period and the Occurrence of Cleft Lip and Palate in a Midwest Brazil Population

Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between periconceptional environmental exposures and the occurrence of cleft lips and palates. Methods This case-control study analyzed 150 mothers of children with cleft lips and palates living in the same city as 250 mothers whose children did not present with this malformation (controls). Environmental exposure data were gathered through a questionnaire (Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations methodology). Results Multivariate analysis revealed that monthly income below minimum wage, having another malformed child, other diseases in the first gestational trimester (urinary infection), use of pesticides in home gardens, and pesticide use in farms close to the home were risk factors associated with the malformation while taking vitamins was a protective factor. Conclusion Maternal and paternal exposure to pesticides is associated with cleft lip and palate in Mato Grosso State, Brazil.

Vortex Matter in a Two-Band SQUID-Shaped Superconducting film

Abstract: In the present work, we studied the magnetization, vorticity, Cooper pairs density, and the spatial distribution of the local magnetic field in a three-dimensional superconductor with a SQUID geometry (a square with a central hole connected to the outside vacuum through a very thin slit). Our investigation was carried out in both the Meissner-Ochsenfeld and the Abrikosov state solving the two-band Ginzburg-Landau equations considering a Josephson coupling between the bands. We found a non-monotonic vortex behavior and the respective generation of vortex clusters due to the Josephson coupling used between condensates.

Interleukin-10 in the Vasculature: Pathophysiological Implications

Abstract: Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an important immunomodulatory cytokine, initially characterized as an anti-inflammatory agent released by immune cells during infectious and inflammatory processes. IL-10 exhibits biological functions that extend to the regulation of different intracellular signaling pathways directly associated with vascular function. This cytokine plays a vital role in vascular tone regulation by changing important proteins involved in vasoconstriction and vasodilation. Numerous investigations covered here have shown that therapeutic strategies inducing IL-10 exert anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertrophic, anti-hyperplastic, anti-apoptotic and antihypertensive effects. This non-systematic review summarizes the modulating effects mediated by IL-10 in vascular tissue, particularly on vascular tone, and the intracellular pathway induced by this cytokine. We also highlight the advances in IL-10 manipulation as a therapeutic target in different cardiovascular pathophysiologies, including the physiological implications in animals and humans. Finally, the review illustrates current and potential future perspectives of the potential use of IL-10 in clinical trials based on the clinical evidence.

“O freio da Blazer”, a “cara da dura”: notas sobre itinerários entre a cidade, a arte, institucionalidades e ascendências afro-brasileiras / “The Blazer’s brake”, the “face of the police approach”: notes on itineraries between the city, the art, institutionalities and Afro-Brazilian ancestries

Abstract: Este texto trata de observações e notas recentes e inéditas sobre a relação da arte produzida por afrodescendentes e seus mecanismos de institucionalidade. De outro modo, são abordados itinerários que se cruzam com minha própria trajetória na Escola de Belas Artes da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, frente à rara convivência com pessoas racializadas e a metodologias da história da arte invisibilizadoras da arte dos artistas afro-brasileiros. Apresento, também, relatos, lembranças, histórias trocadas com artistas negras, negros e negres da cidade, cuja convivência se dá em diversos âmbitos, nas salas de aula, ateliês, espaços culturais, resultando em textos, curadorias, acompanhamentos críticos.Palavras-chave: Arte. Afrobrasilidades. Rio de Janeiro. Ativismo. Escola de Belas Artes.AbstractThis text deals with recent and unpublished observations and notes on the relationship between art produced by Afro-descendants and their mechanisms of institutionality. Otherwise, itineraries that intersect with my own trajectory at the School of Fine Arts of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro are approached, in face of the rare coexistence with racialized people and methodologies from the history of art that make art and Afro-Brazilian artists invisible. I also present reports, memories, stories exchanged with black, and black artists from the city, whose coexistence takes place in different areas, in classrooms, ateliers, cultural spaces, resulting in texts, curatorships, critical accompaniments.Keywords: Art. Afro-Brazilians. Rio de Janeiro. Activism. School of Fine Arts.