Institution
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Education•Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil•
About: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais is a education organization based out in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 41631 authors who have published 75688 publications receiving 1249905 citations.
Topics: Population, Context (language use), Medicine, Immune system, Health care
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: If results hold up over longer study times and in other locations, the space–time permutation scan statistic will be an important tool for local and national health departments that are setting up early disease detection surveillance systems.
Abstract: Background The ability to detect disease outbreaks early is important in order to minimize morbidity and mortality through timely implementation of disease prevention and control measures. Many national, state, and local health departments are launching disease surveillance systems with daily analyses of hospital emergency department visits, ambulance dispatch calls, or pharmacy sales for which population-at-risk information is unavailable or irrelevant. Methods and Findings We propose a prospective space–time permutation scan statistic for the early detection of disease outbreaks that uses only case numbers, with no need for population-at-risk data. It makes minimal assumptions about the time, geographical location, or size of the outbreak, and it adjusts for natural purely spatial and purely temporal variation. The new method was evaluated using daily analyses of hospital emergency department visits in New York City. Four of the five strongest signals were likely local precursors to citywide outbreaks due to rotavirus, norovirus, and influenza. The number of false signals was at most modest.
1,019 citations
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Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute1, Broad Institute2, J. Craig Venter Institute3, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio4, University of York5, University of Maryland, College Park6, University of California, San Francisco7, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation8, University of Texas at San Antonio9, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais10, University College Cork11, Iowa State University12, University of São Paulo13, University of Pittsburgh14, Kyoto University15, Natural History Museum16, University of Southampton17, Lille University of Science and Technology18, John Innes Centre19, Leiden University20, University of Göttingen21, University of Maryland, Baltimore22, Illinois State University23, Rush University Medical Center24, University at Buffalo25
TL;DR: Analysis of the 363 megabase nuclear genome of the blood fluke, the first sequenced flatworm, and a representative of the Lophotrochozoa offers insights into early events in the evolution of the animals, including the development of a body pattern with bilateral symmetry, and theDevelopment of tissues into organs.
Abstract: Schistosoma mansoni is responsible for the neglected tropical disease schistosomiasis that affects 210 million people in 76 countries. Here we present analysis of the 363 megabase nuclear genome of the blood fluke. It encodes at least 11,809 genes, with an unusual intron size distribution, and new families of micro-exon genes that undergo frequent alternative splicing. As the first sequenced flatworm, and a representative of the Lophotrochozoa, it offers insights into early events in the evolution of the animals, including the development of a body pattern with bilateral symmetry, and the development of tissues into organs. Our analysis has been informed by the need to find new drug targets. The deficits in lipid metabolism that make schistosomes dependent on the host are revealed, and the identification of membrane receptors, ion channels and more than 300 proteases provide new insights into the biology of the life cycle and new targets. Bioinformatics approaches have identified metabolic chokepoints, and a chemogenomic screen has pinpointed schistosome proteins for which existing drugs may be active. The information generated provides an invaluable resource for the research community to develop much needed new control tools for the treatment and eradication of this important and neglected disease.
997 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the basic concepts and characteristics of Raman spectra from carbon nanotubes (both isolated and bundled) are presented, with the focus directed toward their use for carbon Nanotube characterization.
Abstract: The basic concepts and characteristics of Raman spectra from carbon nanotubes (both isolated and bundled) are presented. The general characteristics of the radial breathing mode, tangential mode (G band), disorder-induced mode (D-band) and other Raman features are presented, with the focus directed toward their use for carbon nanotube characterization. Polarization analysis, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and complementary optical techniques are also discussed in terms of their advantages and limitations.
990 citations
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Imperial College London1, University of São Paulo2, University of Oxford3, University of Edinburgh4, Federal University of Uberlandia5, Instituto Adolfo Lutz6, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais7, State University of Campinas8, National Institute of Amazonian Research9, Harvard University10, University of California, Los Angeles11, Temple University12, University of Southampton13, University of Birmingham14, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven15, Royal Veterinary College16, University of Copenhagen17
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a two-category dynamical model that integrates genomic and mortality data to estimate that P.1 may be 1.7-to 2.4-fold more transmissible and that previous (non-P.1) infection provides 54 to 79% of the protection against infection with P.
Abstract: Cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Manaus, Brazil, resurged in late 2020 despite previously high levels of infection. Genome sequencing of viruses sampled in Manaus between November 2020 and January 2021 revealed the emergence and circulation of a novel SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern. Lineage P.1 acquired 17 mutations, including a trio in the spike protein (K417T, E484K, and N501Y) associated with increased binding to the human ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) receptor. Molecular clock analysis shows that P.1 emergence occurred around mid-November 2020 and was preceded by a period of faster molecular evolution. Using a two-category dynamical model that integrates genomic and mortality data, we estimate that P.1 may be 1.7- to 2.4-fold more transmissible and that previous (non-P.1) infection provides 54 to 79% of the protection against infection with P.1 that it provides against non-P.1 lineages. Enhanced global genomic surveillance of variants of concern, which may exhibit increased transmissibility and/or immune evasion, is critical to accelerate pandemic responsiveness.
985 citations
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University of KwaZulu-Natal1, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais2, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation3, University of Cape Town4, National Health Laboratory Service5, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa6, University of the Witwatersrand7, Stellenbosch University8, Max Planck Society9, University of the Free State10, Walter Sisulu University11, University of California, Riverside12, University of Oxford13, Temple University14, University of Washington15
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a new SARS-CoV-2 lineage (501Y.V2) characterised by eight lineage-defining mutations in the spike protein, including three at important residues in the receptor-binding domain (K417N, E484K and N501Y).
Abstract: Summary Continued uncontrolled transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in many parts of the world is creating the conditions for significant virus evolution. Here, we describe a new SARS-CoV-2 lineage (501Y.V2) characterised by eight lineage-defining mutations in the spike protein, including three at important residues in the receptor-binding domain (K417N, E484K and N501Y) that may have functional significance. This lineage emerged in South Africa after the first epidemic wave in a severely affected metropolitan area, Nelson Mandela Bay, located on the coast of the Eastern Cape Province. This lineage spread rapidly, becoming within weeks the dominant lineage in the Eastern Cape and Western Cape Provinces. Whilst the full significance of the mutations is yet to be determined, the genomic data, showing the rapid displacement of other lineages, suggest that this lineage may be associated with increased transmissibility.
980 citations
Authors
Showing all 42077 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Michael Marmot | 193 | 1147 | 170338 |
Pulickel M. Ajayan | 176 | 1223 | 136241 |
Alan D. Lopez | 172 | 863 | 259291 |
Jens Nielsen | 149 | 1752 | 104005 |
Mildred S. Dresselhaus | 136 | 762 | 112525 |
Jing Kong | 126 | 553 | 72354 |
Mauricio Terrones | 118 | 760 | 61202 |
Michael Brammer | 118 | 424 | 46763 |
Terence G. Langdon | 117 | 1158 | 61603 |
Caroline A. Sabin | 108 | 690 | 44233 |
Michael Brauer | 106 | 480 | 73664 |
Michael Bader | 103 | 735 | 37525 |
Michael S. Strano | 98 | 480 | 60141 |
Pablo Jarillo-Herrero | 91 | 245 | 39171 |
Riichiro Saito | 91 | 502 | 48869 |