Institution
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Education•Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil•
About: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais is a education organization based out in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Immune system. The organization has 41631 authors who have published 75688 publications receiving 1249905 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: A new cost-sensitive algorithm (CSMLP) is presented to improve the discrimination ability of (two-class) MLPs and it is theoretically demonstrated that the incorporation of prior information via the cost parameter may lead to balanced decision boundaries in the feature space.
Abstract: Traditional learning algorithms applied to complex and highly imbalanced training sets may not give satisfactory results when distinguishing between examples of the classes. The tendency is to yield classification models that are biased towards the overrepresented (majority) class. This paper investigates this class imbalance problem in the context of multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks. The consequences of the equal cost (loss) assumption on imbalanced data are formally discussed from a statistical learning theory point of view. A new cost-sensitive algorithm (CSMLP) is presented to improve the discrimination ability of (two-class) MLPs. The CSMLP formulation is based on a joint objective function that uses a single cost parameter to distinguish the importance of class errors. The learning rule extends the Levenberg-Marquadt's rule, ensuring the computational efficiency of the algorithm. In addition, it is theoretically demonstrated that the incorporation of prior information via the cost parameter may lead to balanced decision boundaries in the feature space. Based on the statistical analysis of results on real data, our approach shows a significant improvement of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and G-mean measures of regular MLPs.
195 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the principal aspects related to this technology, with emphasis on the work material requirements, tool materials and geometry, cutting forces and temperature, quality of the finished product, process modelling and monitoring and machine tool requirements.
195 citations
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TL;DR: Strength deficits and shoulder pain of the paretic UL demonstrated to be important targets for clinical interventions to improve activity and participation with chronic stroke subjects.
195 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that gLNs are immunologically specific to the functional gut segment that they drain, and encourage antigen targeting to specific gut segments for therapeutic immune modulation, revealing that the conflict between tolerogenic and inflammatory intestinal responses is in part resolved by discrete gLN drainage.
Abstract: The intestinal immune system has the challenging task of tolerating foreign nutrients and the commensal microbiome, while excluding or eliminating ingested pathogens. Failure of this balance leads to conditions such as inflammatory bowel diseases, food allergies and invasive gastrointestinal infections1. Multiple immune mechanisms are therefore in place to maintain tissue integrity, including balanced generation of effector T (TH) cells and FOXP3+ regulatory T (pTreg) cells, which mediate resistance to pathogens and regulate excessive immune activation, respectively1–4. The gut-draining lymph nodes (gLNs) are key sites for orchestrating adaptive immunity to luminal perturbations5–7. However, it is unclear how they simultaneously support tolerogenic and inflammatory reactions. Here we show that gLNs are immunologically specific to the functional gut segment that they drain. Stromal and dendritic cell gene signatures and polarization of T cells against the same luminal antigen differ between gLNs, with the proximal small intestine-draining gLNs preferentially giving rise to tolerogenic responses and the distal gLNs to pro-inflammatory T cell responses. This segregation permitted the targeting of distal gLNs for vaccination and the maintenance of duodenal pTreg cell induction during colonic infection. Conversely, the compartmentalized dichotomy was perturbed by surgical removal of select distal gLNs and duodenal infection, with effects on both lymphoid organ and tissue immune responses. Our findings reveal that the conflict between tolerogenic and inflammatory intestinal responses is in part resolved by discrete gLN drainage, and encourage antigen targeting to specific gut segments for therapeutic immune modulation. Immune responses in the gut and associated draining lymph nodes differ between tolerogenic and inflammatory depending on their anatomical location.
194 citations
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Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University1, Institut Universitaire de France2, Spanish National Research Council3, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro4, University of Liège5, INAF6, German Aerospace Center7, University of Valencia8, University of Huelva9, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais10, National Institute for Space Research11, Ponta Grossa State University12, National Autonomous University of Mexico13
TL;DR: The observation of a multi-chord stellar occultation by Eris on 6 November 2010 is reported, consistent with a spherical shape for Eris, and it is anticipated that this atmosphere may periodically sublimate as Eris approaches its perihelion, at 37.8 astronomical units from the Sun.
Abstract: The dwarf planet Eris is a trans-Neptunian object with an orbital eccentricity of 0.44, an inclination of 44 degrees and a surface composition very similar to that of Pluto. It resides at present at 95.7 astronomical units (1AU is the Earth-Sun distance) from Earth, near its aphelion and more than three times farther than Pluto. Owing to this great distance, measuring its size or detecting a putative atmosphere is difficult. Here we report the observation of a multi-chord stellar occultation by Eris on 6 November 2010 UT. The event is consistent with a spherical shape for Eris, with radius 1,163+/-6kilometres, density 2.52+/-0.05 grams per cm3 and a high visible geometric albedo, . No nitrogen, argon or methane atmospheres are detected with surface pressure larger than ~1nanobar, about 10,000 times more tenuous than Pluto's present atmosphere. As Pluto's radius is estimated to be between 1,150 and 1,200 kilometres, Eris appears as a Pluto twin, with a bright surface possibly caused by a collapsed atmosphere, owing to its cold environment. We anticipate that this atmosphere may periodically sublimate as Eris approaches its perihelion, at 37.8 astronomical units from the Sun.
194 citations
Authors
Showing all 42077 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Michael Marmot | 193 | 1147 | 170338 |
Pulickel M. Ajayan | 176 | 1223 | 136241 |
Alan D. Lopez | 172 | 863 | 259291 |
Jens Nielsen | 149 | 1752 | 104005 |
Mildred S. Dresselhaus | 136 | 762 | 112525 |
Jing Kong | 126 | 553 | 72354 |
Mauricio Terrones | 118 | 760 | 61202 |
Michael Brammer | 118 | 424 | 46763 |
Terence G. Langdon | 117 | 1158 | 61603 |
Caroline A. Sabin | 108 | 690 | 44233 |
Michael Brauer | 106 | 480 | 73664 |
Michael Bader | 103 | 735 | 37525 |
Michael S. Strano | 98 | 480 | 60141 |
Pablo Jarillo-Herrero | 91 | 245 | 39171 |
Riichiro Saito | 91 | 502 | 48869 |