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Institution

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

EducationBelo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
About: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais is a education organization based out in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Immune system. The organization has 41631 authors who have published 75688 publications receiving 1249905 citations.


Papers
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
15 Jun 2005
TL;DR: This paper designs a cooperative Web server for a heterogeneous cluster that uses modeling and optimization to minimize the energy consumed per request, and shows that the server can consume 42% less energy than an energy-oblivious server, with only a negligible loss in throughput.
Abstract: The previous research on cluster-based servers has focused on homogeneous systems. However, real-life clusters are almost invariably heterogeneous in terms of the performance, capacity, and power consumption of their hardware components. In this paper, we argue that designing efficient servers for heterogeneous clusters requires defining an efficiency metric, modeling the different types of nodes with respect to the metric, and searching for request distributions that optimize the metric. To concretely illustrate this process, we design a cooperative Web server for a heterogeneous cluster that uses modeling and optimization to minimize the energy consumed per request. Our experimental results for a cluster comprised of traditional and blade nodes show that our server can consume 42% less energy than an energy-oblivious server, with only a negligible loss in throughput. The results also show that our server conserves 45% more energy than an energy-conscious server that was previously proposed for homogeneous clusters.

342 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
21 Sep 2012-Science
TL;DR: It is shown that during a gastrointestinal infection, tolerance to commensals is lost, and microbiota-specific T cells are activated and differentiate to inflammatory effector cells, and these T cells go on to form memory cells that are phenotypically and functionally consistent with pathogen- specific T cells.
Abstract: The mammalian gastrointestinal tract contains a large and diverse population of commensal bacteria and is also one of the primary sites of exposure to pathogens. How the immune system perceives commensals in the context of mucosal infection is unclear. Here, we show that during a gastrointestinal infection, tolerance to commensals is lost, and microbiota-specific T cells are activated and differentiate to inflammatory effector cells. Furthermore, these T cells go on to form memory cells that are phenotypically and functionally consistent with pathogen-specific T cells. Our results suggest that during a gastrointestinal infection, the immune response to commensals parallels the immune response against pathogenic microbes and that adaptive responses against commensals are an integral component of mucosal immunity.

342 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors employed the CPTEC-INPE AGCM to assess the effects of Amazonian deforestation on the regional climate, using simulated land cover maps from a business-as-usual scenario of future deforestation in which the rainforest was gradually replaced by degraded pasture or by soybean cropland.
Abstract: [1] Field observations and numerical studies revealed that large scale deforestation in Amazonia could alter the regional climate significantly, projecting a warmer and somewhat drier post-deforestation climate. In this study we employed the CPTEC-INPE AGCM to assess the effects of Amazonian deforestation on the regional climate, using simulated land cover maps from a business-as-usual scenario of future deforestation in which the rainforest was gradually replaced by degraded pasture or by soybean cropland. The results for eastern Amazonia, where changes in land cover are expected to be larger, show increase in near-surface air temperature, and decrease in evapotranspiration and precipitation, which occurs mainly during the dry season. The relationship between precipitation and deforestation shows an accelerating decrease of rainfall for increasing deforestation for both classes of land use conversions. Continued expansion of cropland in Amazonia is possible and may have important consequences for the sustainability of the region's remaining natural vegetation.

341 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The current molecular strategies for the study of virulence in C. pseudotuberculosis are examined, including the latest research on the identification of novel virulence factors and genes, which will help to better understand the biology of this microorganism.
Abstract: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the etiological agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), a common disease in small ruminant populations throughout the world. Once established, this disease is difficult to eradicate because drug therapy is not effective and because the clinical detection of infected animals is of limited efficiency. We reviewed the microbiological, biochemical and taxonomic features of C. pseudotuberculosis, general aspects of infection, the main virulence determinants and currently available commercial vaccines. We also examined the current molecular strategies for the study of virulence in C. pseudotuberculosis, including the latest research on the identification of novel virulence factors and genes, which will help us to better understand the biology of this microorganism. This knowledge may also contribute to the development of improved CLA vaccines, including subunit and DNA-based types, as well as to improve the diagnosis, treatment and control of this disease.

340 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that most tree species are extremely rare, meaning that they may be under serious risk of extinction at current deforestation rates, and a methodological framework for estimating species richness in trees is provided that may help refine species richness estimates of tree-dependent taxa.
Abstract: The high species richness of tropical forests has long been recognized, yet there remains substantial uncertainty regarding the actual number of tropical tree species. Using a pantropical tree inventory database from closed canopy forests, consisting of 657,630 trees belonging to 11,371 species, we use a fitted value of Fisher's alpha and an approximate pantropical stem total to estimate the minimum number of tropical forest tree species to fall between similar to 40,000 and similar to 53,000, i.e., at the high end of previous estimates. Contrary to common assumption, the Indo-Pacific region was found to be as species-rich as the Neotropics, with both regions having a minimum of similar to 19,000-25,000 tree species. Continental Africa is relatively depauperate with a minimum of similar to 4,500-6,000 tree species. Very few species are shared among the African, American, and the Indo-Pacific regions. We provide a methodological framework for estimating species richness in trees that may help refine species richness estimates of tree-dependent taxa.

338 citations


Authors

Showing all 42077 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Michael Marmot1931147170338
Pulickel M. Ajayan1761223136241
Alan D. Lopez172863259291
Jens Nielsen1491752104005
Mildred S. Dresselhaus136762112525
Jing Kong12655372354
Mauricio Terrones11876061202
Michael Brammer11842446763
Terence G. Langdon117115861603
Caroline A. Sabin10869044233
Michael Brauer10648073664
Michael Bader10373537525
Michael S. Strano9848060141
Pablo Jarillo-Herrero9124539171
Riichiro Saito9150248869
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023111
2022624
20215,708
20205,955
20195,269
20185,020