Showing papers by "Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina published in 1985"

The selective antagonism of bradykinin action on rat isolated uterus by crude Mandevilla velutina extract

Abstract: A crude aqueous alcoholic extract of Mandevilla velutina (Apocynaceae) rhizomes produced a concentration-dependent displacement to the right of the concentration-response curve to bradykinin (Bk) in the isolated uterus of the rat. Schild analysis of the data revealed a linear relationship (r = 0.99) and yielded a pA2 value of 3.3 + 0.08 (- log g ml-1) but the slope differed significantly from unity. The anti-Bk action was of rapid onset and was reversible upon washout. Contractions induced by acetylcholine, oxytocin, angiotensin II and BaCl2 were unaffected by the extract. This represents the first report of a selective Bk antagonist of plant origin. The isolation of the active principle(s) may result in a useful pharmacological tool for elucidating the physiological and physiopathological roles of endogenous Bk.

Molecular disorder in even-numbered paraffins.

Abstract: Conformational and displacive molecular defects in even-numbered paraffins ${\mathrm{C}}_{\mathrm{n}}$${\mathrm{H}}_{2\mathrm{n}+2}$, with 22\ensuremath{\le}n\ensuremath{\le}28, are studied as a function of temperature by means of small-angle x-ray diffraction. The amplitude of the molecular longitudinal motion in the rotator phase increases with molecular length, as it was also found to do in previous studies of odd-numbered paraffins. This amplitude is temperature independent in rotator phases of even paraffins with 22\ensuremath{\le}n\ensuremath{\le}26. The voids between molecular layers in the crystalline phase of even paraffins are narrower than those of odd paraffins. This indicates a closer packing of layers in systems in which molecules are tilted. Structures of the high-temperature hexagonal rotator phases of odd and even paraffins exhibit a minor but significant difference which has been associated with different interactions between molecular ends.

Thermotropic Mesophases of the C8, C10, C12 and C16 n-Alkyl Ammonium Chlorides

Abstract: Liquid crystalline and solid phases of the title compounds were studied by optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-rays. Transition temperatures, heats and layer spacing were determined. In all the compounds the isotropic liquid is preceded by a neat (bilayer smectic A) phase, which in turn is preceded hy an intermediate phase which is separated from the room temperature crystalline phase phase by 2 to 4 first order phase transition. The intermediate phase has a structure consisting of disordered hydrocarbon chains held in place by their ionic heads (-NH3 +), with the chains perpendicular to the ionic layers. This phase which is shown to be uniaxial by convergent light observations, may be best described as also being a liquid crystal.

3D modelling of a non-linear anisotropic lamination

Abstract: We propose, in this paper, a 3D magnetic field calculation method, when there are iron-air laminations in the domain. This model is applied to a variational finite element method, using a scalar potential. The iron non-linearity is considered and a Newton-Raphson method for this 3D anisotropic problem is developed.

Failure of the pseudophase model in the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of acetals and p-methoxybenzaldoxime esters in the presence of an anionic micelle

Abstract: Etude de l'hydrolyse en presence d'acide chlorhydrique et de laurylsulfate de sodium du methoxy-4' phenyl-2 dioxolanne-1,3 et des acetyl- et octanoyloxime du methoxy-4 benzaldehyde

13C NMR and azomethine 1H NMR spectra of substituted N-benzylideneanilines and Hammett correlations

Abstract: Twenty-four N-benzyliaeneanilines (four being new compounds) have been prepared, which are divided conveniently into three series: (I) with 4-substituents, plus one compound with 3- and 4-substituents; (II) with 4′-substituents, plus one compound with 3′- and 4′-substituents; and (III) with 4- and 4′-substituents. Their 13C NMR spectra and the 1H NMR absorption of the hydrogen attached to the imidoyl carbon atom have been studied and their Hammett correlations were tested.

Ketamine-inhibition of calcium-induced contractions in depolarized rat uterus: a comparison with other calcium antagonists

Abstract: The inhibitory effect of the intravenous anaesthetic ketamine on CaCl2-induced contractions in the isolated K+-depolarized uterus of the rat in Ca2+-free medium was compared with that produced by papaverine, theophylline and the calcium entry blocker verapamil. Pre-incubation for 20 min with either ketamine (0.3 to 3 mM), papaverine (3 to 30 microM), theophylline (0.1 to 1 mM) or verapamil (3 to 30 nM) induced parallel, concentration-dependent rightward displacements of the dose-response curves to Ca2+ (0.04 to 22 mM). The antagonism was competitive, except that due to verapamil, the Schild plot for which yielded a slope which differed significantly from unity. The calculated pA2 values (+/- s.e.mean) were: ketamine 3.90 +/- 0.07; papaverine 5.55 +/- 0.05; theophylline 3.99 +/- 0.1 and verapamil 9.54 +/- 0.24. These drugs differed in their ability to relax the sustained contraction induced by Ca2+ (1 mM) in K+-depolarizing solution. Ketamine and verapamil relaxed the preparation in a concentration-dependent manner whereas theophylline and especially papaverine were less potent and induced only partial maximal relaxation. The t1/2 of the relaxant effect was significantly less for ketamine than for verapamil (5 and 22 min, respectively). Only ketamine produced a relaxation comparable to that obtained by washing the preparation with Ca2+-free solution (t1/2 = approx. 5 min). Prior exposure of the depolarized uterine strip to a low concentration of Ca2+ (0.22 mM) increased the potency of ketamine, but decreased that of papaverine and theophylline, in antagonizing Ca2+ induced contractions. In contrast, this procedure did not affect the potency of verapamil.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The Spectroscopic Detection of Tetrahedral Intermediates Derived from Carboxylic Acids and the Investigation of Their Properties

Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter explores that until a few years ago there was only indirect evidence for the existence of the species postulated as tetrahedral intermediates in reactions of derivatives of carboxylic acids. Now it is possible to generate some of them in solution at sufficiently high concentrations for their uv and nmr spectra to be measured and for their reactions to be studied. The aim of this chapter is to record progress that has been made in this area. The chapter reviews that indirect evidence for the incursion of tetrahedral intermediates in acyl-transfer reactions has been obtained from experiments, which indicate a change in rate-determining step and the incursion of an intermediate and from experiments that demonstrate a change in reaction products with pH that has been interpreted as resulting from a change in the partitioning of a tetrahedral intermediate. This large accumulation of indirect evidence clearly demonstrated the presence of tetrahedral intermediates in acyl-transfer reactions but virtually nothing was known about their chemical and physical properties.

Schemata and reading comprehension

Abstract: t school, and also after formal schooling takes place, the acquisition of new knowledge is in great measure dependent on reading comprehension. The total task of understanding written discourse depends on the distribution of information in the printed text, and on the voluntary and automatic activation of information or "schemata" in the reader's mind. Thus, what different readers 'comprehend' of a given text may vary considerably. Reading comprehension is a function of the nature of the text itself and of the extent to which the reader possesses, uses, and integrates pertinent background knowledge, or schemata. Schemata can be loosely defined as patterns which represent the way experinece and knowledge are organized in the mind. The schema for a concept like "break", for instance, will have associated with it at least the variables "breaker", "the thing broken", "the method or' instrument" for the action of breaking, and the notion of "causing something to change into a different state" (Rumelhart and Ortony 1977). Schemata constitute a powerful means used by readers in understanding information which is both explicit and implicit in texts. As an illustration, let us say that we read (or hear) the following sentences: "The Karate champion broke the cinder block" (Brewer 1977:3).

GM1 gangliosidosis: clinical and laboratory findings in eight families.

Abstract: GM1 Gangliosidosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder due to deficiency of the lysosome enzyme beta-galactosidase, with consequent tissue accumulation of glycolipids, oligosaccharides, and especially GM1 ganglioside. In the present paper we report the clinical and laboratory findings obtained for eight families starting from eight index cases exhibiting the childhood form of the disease. The total number of cases in these families may be as high as 14, thus causing GM1 gangliosidosis to be the inborn metabolic error most frequently diagnosed in our service. Hypotonia, neuromotor retardation, hepatosplenomegaly, macrocephaly, and hydrocele are some of the most frequent clinical findings. The disease evolves towards convulsions and bronchopneumonia, leading to patient death generally during the first half of the second year of life. The presence of vacuolated lymphocytes, alterations of the lumbar vertebrae, and cherry spots on the retina were observed in almost all patients. When tested for inborn metabolic errors, all patients gave normal results, a fact that may have confused and delayed diagnosis. Diagnosis was made by urine oligosaccharide chromatography and confirmed by beta-galactoside measurement in peripheral blood leukocytes. This method proved to be accurate also for the detection of heterozygotes, which permitted post-mortem diagnosis in two families. The authors speculate that increased fetal loss and tendency towards macrosomy may be possible characteristics of the disease, suggest that testing for vacuolated lymphocytes be used as a screening method, and propose that urine oligosaccharide chromatography be included in the routine screening for inborn metabolic errors.

4,4′-Di(N)Hexoxybenzalazine: Crystal and Molecular Structure and Phase Characterization of the Liquid Crystalline Compound

Abstract: The crystal and molecular structure of the mesogenic title compound (HBA) is described. Lattice parameters are: space group P1, a = 9.003(2) A, b = 8.850(2) A, c = 8.510(2) A, α = 79.63(1)°, β = 65.04(1)°, γ = 87.41(1)° (at T = 299 K). The molecules contain a centre of symmetry and the phenyl rings are coplanar. In order to obtain better structural data for a comparison with its methoxy derivative (MBA) a redetermination of this structure was carried out using a new data set. The melting enthalpy of HBA is 45(2) kJmol−1 (127.8(5)°C) its clearing enthalpy is 1.5(4) kJmol−1 (153.2(5) °C). The fluctuation wave-length 2π/q‖ of 27(2) A in the nematic state can be compared with the molecular length of 31.63 A.

On some inequalities and generalized entropies: A unified approach

Abstract: Some inequalities useful in information theory are considered and extended for various generalized entropies. The extension is done under a unified approach. Some possible applications of the generalized entropies as well as of the inequalities are discussed. Some other properties, relationships and inequalities among the entropies along with concavity, pseudoconcavity and Schur concavity are also given.

Vico, um gênio solitário e renovador

Abstract: Foi num ambiente de profunda renovacao e grandes debates que, entre o fim do seculo XVII e os primeiros decenios do seguinte, numa atmosfera que respirava os ventos novos provenientes da Franga cartesiana e da Inglaterra baconiana e hobbesiana, e que, na Italia, via maturando a grande escola de Galileu, o "antididascab", ou seja, o autodidata Giambattista VICO (1668-1744), solitario e silencioso, mas nao ignorante do que se passava na Europa, estava gerando o que hoje a maioria reconhece como primeira autentica filosofia da historia( 1 ) e como revolucao no conhecimento historico em geral. E por isso tambem que se assiste hoje no continente europeu a urna verdadeira redescoberta da obra viquiana, que nao pode passar despercebida para nos, latino-americanos, sobretudo quando sabemos que o pensador italiano foi dos primeiros a aceitar a historicidade dos povos extra-europeus, num periodo em que so a Europa era tida como "historica".

Estudo de causa básica de óbitos de menores de 15 anos, ocorridos em hospital de Florianópolis, SC (Brasil), em 1982

Abstract: Foram analisados atestados de obito segundo a causa basica. Da totalidade dos obitos ocorridos em hospital infantil de Florianopolis, SC (Brasil), durante o ano de 1982, 161 foram considerados validos para o estudo. Atraves das informacoes encontradas nos prontuarios, os atestados de obito foram refeitos e, posteriormente, comparados com os originais. Observou-se uma concordância de 60,2% entre atestado original e atestado refeito, sendo que as anomalias congenitas perfizeram o maior percentual de concordância (92,0%). Na distribuicao por grupo de causa do atestado original, o percentual mais elevado foi o das doencas infecciosas e parasitarias, com 21,6% do total, com a gastroenterite representando 43,2% deste grupo.

Para pensar a psicologia

Abstract: 0 Mass Media apenas confirma a todo momento aquilo que pressentimos / sentimos em cada relacao: nosso campo social esta consistentemente constituido por forcas psicologizantes. Tanto faz que utilizemos binoculos para alcancar longas distâncias, que usemos lupas para percorrer as minucias dos quadros mais proximos ou que optemos pela troca direta de olhares, e, sempre um social psicologizado que se oferece ao nosso exame. Avalia-se, na grande politica, se tal ou qual candidado tem caracteristicas de personalidade compativeis com o lugar a que aspira, enquanto se comenta da sede de poder de algum outro; a subjetividade, os sentimentos, o comportamento sao temas para reportagens tao prestigiados quanto a devastacao ecologica ou os avancos da medicina na cura do câncer; revistas especializa-

Catálogo das diatomáceas (Chrysophyta - Bacillariophyceae) marinhas e estuarinas do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil

Abstract: In the present catalogue the autors list all diatoms found between 1918 and 1985, mentioned to coastal plain in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Ecological data were included. Fresh-water species found in bays, estuaries, mangroves and skjores were also included.

Evidence for multiple sources of calcium involved on the contractile effects of agonists in the dog uterus. Influence of ovarian sexual hormones.

Abstract: 1. 1. We compared the characteristics of Ca2+ pools involved in the contractile effect of acetylcholine (Ach), histamine (Hist), oxytocin (Oxy) and barium (Ba2+) in prepuberal untreated or estrogen plus progesterone dominated uteri. 2. 2. After Ca2+ (0.2 mM) withdrawal different rates of decay for cited agonists were observed. If Ca2+ concentration was increased to 2.0 mM before the Ca2+ withdrawal, the t 1 2 for Ach and Hist were markedly increased. 3. 3. Hormonal treatment significantly increase the rate of decay for all agonists except for Ba2+ independent of the initial Ca2+ concentration, suggesting that in this condition the tightly bound Ca2+ is absent.

Evidence for a Smectic-A-Cholesteric Tricritical Point: Binary Mixtures

Abstract: Differential scanning calorimetry measurements of the smectic-A-cholesteric latent heat of transition in binary mixtures: cholesteryl palmitate (C16) and cholesteryl myristate (C14), cholesteryl myristate and cholesteryl nonanoate (C9), cholesteryl nonanoate and cholesteryl caproate (C6); strongly suggest the existence of tricritical point at approximately the reduced temperature TAC/TCI ≅ 0,90 in mixture C9-C6.