Showing papers by "Universidade Federal de Viçosa published in 1985"

Aluminum effects on uptake and translocation of nitrogen in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor, L. Moench)

Abstract: The effects of aluminum on the uptake and translocation of N in two hybrid cultivars of sorghum with differential tolerance to aluminum were studied. Aluminum decreased the amount of N accumulated and the % of N in the aerial parts of the plants. In the roots the amount of N accumulated also decreased but the % of N increased, in both cultivars. Besides an effect on dry matter yield, Al probably reduces the uptake of N and its translocation to the aerial parts of the plant. Apparently, this impairment on N translocation resulted from Al effects on the root pressure. Aluminum not only reduced the amount of N translocated but also changed the sap composition. The % of NO3 ‐N decreased while the % of amino acid‐N increased suggesting an Al effect on N uptake and also on protein degradation. Asparagine and glutamine contributed about 80% of the free amino acid fraction; however, their proportions changed in presence of Al. Therefore, Al also interfered with the synthesis and/or interconversion of the...

Trigo: efeito de três faixas de umidade na evapotranspiração real e na produção de grãos e seus componentes

Abstract: An experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, to study the differential behaviour of three wheat cultivars under soil moisture levels. The following characteristics were evaluated: grain yield, total number of spikelets per spike, number of unfilled spikelets, number and lenght of spikes, weight and number of grains and real evapotranspiration. The gravimetric method was used to control soil moisture. The weight of the experimental unit was corrected by cutting one replication for each stage of wheat development. The results showed that the critical soil moisture level for yield components during the wheat vegetative stage such as total number of spikelets and spikes and lenght of spike was 60-80% of the water stored in the soil or water potencial -0.05 to -0.03 MPa. On the other hand considering the reproductive stage of wheat the components such as number and weight of grains indicated that the best moisture level was 80-100% of the water stored in the soil or water potentials -0.03 to -0.01 MPa. The real evapotranspiration was the biggest during the forth stage of development of wheat being independent of the used cultivar or level of moisture. The results also showed that the real transpiration increased with the availability of water. Among the studied cultivars: Alondra-S-46, Pel.A. 506/62 and BH-1146, the first one presented the biggest water consumption, in the forth stage of development. The obtained data suggest the following water management for the wheat crop: moisture level of 60-80% of the water stored in the soil or -0.50 to -0.03 MPa of water potential from the seed germination to the beginning of emmergence of the flag leaf. From this stage to the maturation stage moisture level of 80-100% of the water stored in the soil or water potential of -0.03 to -0.01 MPa.

O internato rural do curso de graduação em nutrição da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (Brasil)

Abstract: Com a finalidade de se avaliarem os resultados alcancados numa experiencia de internato rural, foram analizados os relatorios dos estudantes que dela participaram. Considera-se internato rural a modalidade de estagio que se caracteriza pela transferencia do estudante do "campus" universitario para uma comunidade rural, onde permanecera por tempo determinado. O internato rural no curso da Universidade Federal de Vicosa distingue-se da estrutura de outras universidades principalmente pela proposta que leva de estimular a comunidade a reconhecer seus problemas, e a organizar-se para soluciona-los. Observou-se ao termino desse periodo que os objetivos tracados nao foram satisfaloriamenle alingidos. A dificuldade em estimular os habitantes para identificarem os seus proprios problemas e se organizarem no sentido de soluciona-los, a escassez de recursos para manter os estudantes no campo e a desconlinuidade do programa foram os entraves fundamentais. Entretanto, constatou-se que, como pratica do exercicio profissional na area de Saude Publica e possibilidade de vivenciar o cotidiano de uma comunidade rural, o estagio e de fundamental importância para os estudantes. Concluiu-se tratar-se de uma experiencia valida, de acordo com a nova proposta que devera ser aprimorada para atingir os objetivos iniciais, podendo contribuir como ponto de reflexao para outros cursos de graduacao em nutricao do pais.

Educação nutricional na escola do primeiro grau em Pernambuco (Brasil): diagnóstico

Abstract: Objetivou-se estudar a situacao da educacao nutricional na escola do primeiro grau em Pernambuco, Brasil. Um total de 761 criancas (391 de escolas publicas e 370 de escolas privadas) foram observadas em varias escolas da area metropolitana de Recife. Para avaliar o conhecimento de nutricao das criancas, foi utilizado um questionario. As criancas das escolas primarias privadas mostraram maior conhecimento de nutricao que aquelas das escolas publicas. Entretanto, todas as criancas mostraram interesse em aprender mais sobre nutricao e a selecao de topicos foi a mesma para ambos os tipos de escolas. As opinioes dos 111 professores consultados sobre a materia coincidiram com aquelas dos estudantes, fato que confirma a inexistencia de um conteudo sistematizado de ensino em nutricao na escola do primeiro grau em Pernambuco.

Fatty acids, carbohydrates and crude protein in twenty cassava cultivars(Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Abstract: Twenty cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta Crantz) were analyzed for fatty acids, nonstructural carbohydrates and crude protein contents. The main constituent fatty acids were myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic. Trace amounts of lauric, myristoleic and palmitoleic acids were detected. Saturated acids ranged from 26.58 to 58.05%. Acid-digestible carbohydrates ranged from 11.82 to 40.70% of the green matter. Reducing and non-reducing soluble oligosaccharides also were determined. Crude protein ranged from 1.39 to 4.70% of the dry matter. Linear regression analyses were made, but no significant correlations were found. Some possible genetic relationships are proposed for certain cultivars.