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Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

EducationRio de Janeiro, Brazil
About: Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro is a education organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Nursing care. The organization has 4309 authors who have published 6438 publications receiving 44359 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper provides a step-by-step approach to SLR for OM scholars and an overview of SLR’s evolution as a research method in OM and the resulting progression of themes, and describes procedures for rigourous SLR.
Abstract: Systematic literature review (SLR) is a well-known research method. However, there is a paucity of detailed SLR guidelines in operations management (OM). The recent interest in SLR in OM has not been followed by the same rigour observed in disciplines as medical sciences and public policy. There are no OM-specific SLR protocols, detailed step-by-step methods and reporting procedures. Therefore, this paper provides a step-by-step approach to SLR for OM scholars and an overview of SLR’s evolution as a research method in OM and the resulting progression of themes. The step-by-step approach aims to serve as a guideline sufficiently broad to avoid skipping any significant step, but still being easy to be understood and applied. The paper describes procedures for rigourous SLR, reveals a growing use of literature review in OM, specially for qualitative SLR and traditional narrative reviews, assesses contemporary and emerging themes in OM, and provides a research agenda.

389 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the response time to reduced nitrogen loading in shallow lakes by reducing external nutrient loading and found that in most cases, a new equilibrium with respect to total phosphorus (TP) often is reached after <10-15 years.
Abstract: Major efforts have been made world-wide to improve the ecological quality of shallow lakes by reducing external nutrient loading. These have often resulted in lower in-lake total phosphorus (TP) and decreased chlorophyll a levels in surface water, reduced phytoplankton biomass and higher Secchi depth. Internal loading delays recovery, but in north temperate lakes a new equilibrium with respect to TP often is reached after <10–15 years. In comparison, the response time to reduced nitrogen (N) loading is typically <5 years. Also increased top-down control may be important. Fish biomass often declines, and the percentage of piscivores, the zooplankton:phytoplankton biomass ratio, the contribution of Daphnia to zooplankton biomass and the cladoceran size all tend to increase. This holds for both small and relatively large lakes, for example, the largest lake in Denmark (40 km2), shallow Lake Arreso, has responded relatively rapidly to a ca. 76% loading reduction arising from nutrient reduction and top-down control. Some lakes, however, have proven resistant to loading reductions. To accelerate recovery several physico-chemical and biological restoration methods have been developed for north temperate lakes and used with varying degrees of success. Biological measures, such as selective removal of planktivorous fish, stocking of piscivorous fish and implantation or protection of submerged plants, often are cheap versus traditional physico-chemical methods and are therefore attractive. However, their long-term effectiveness is uncertain. It is argued that additional measures beyond loading reduction are less cost-efficient and often not needed in very large lakes. Although fewer data are available on tropical lakes these seem to respond to external loading reductions, an example being Lake Paranoa, Brazil (38 km2). However, differences in biological interactions between cold temperate versus warm temperate-subtropical-tropical lakes make transfer of existing biological restoration methods to warm lakes difficult. Warm lakes often have prolonged growth seasons with a higher risk of long-lasting algal blooms and dense floating plant communities, smaller fish, higher aggregation of fish in vegetation (leading to loss of zooplankton refuge), more annual fish cohorts, more omnivorous feeding by fish and less specialist piscivory. The trophic structures of warm lakes vary markedly, depending on precipitation, continental or coastal regions locations, lake age and temperature. Unfortunately, little is known about trophic dynamics and the role of fish in warm lakes. Since many warm lakes suffer from eutrophication, new insights are needed into trophic interactions and potential lake restoration methods, especially since eutrophication is expected to increase in the future owing to economic development and global warming.

383 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article reviews scabies management strategies in developed countries and resource-poor communities as well as typical complications, including the emergence of resistance and drug-related adverse events, and newer treatments such as ivermectin are also discussed.
Abstract: Scabies has been a scourge among human beings for thousands of years. Its worldwide occurrence with epidemics during war, famine, and overcrowding is responsible for an estimated 300 million people currently infested. Scabies refers to the various skin lesions produced by female mites, and their eggs and scybala that are deposited in the epidermis, leading to delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. Recent immunological findings such as cross-reactivity with house dust mite allergens and an altered T-helper-1/T-helper-2 pattern contribute to a better understanding of the pathomechanism. Furthermore, progress in molecular biology and cloning of relevant antigens could enable the development of a diagnostic ELISA system and candidate vaccines in the near future. Typical and atypical clinical presentations with pruritus as a hallmark of scabies occur in young, pregnant, immunocompromised, and elderly patients and include bullous and crusted (Norwegian) manifestations as well as those masked by steroid use (scabies incognito). This article reviews scabies management strategies in developed countries and resource-poor communities as well as typical complications, including the emergence of resistance and drug-related adverse events. Other problems such as post-scabies eczema and reinfestation, and newer treatments such as ivermectin are also discussed.

326 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results indicated that emotional stimuli may evoke pure disgust with or without indignation, and these different aspects of the experience of disgust could be elicited by a set of written statements, and pure disgust and indignation recruited both overlapping and distinct brain regions, mainly in the frontal and temporal lobes.
Abstract: Recent investigations in cognitive neuroscience have shown that ordinary human behavior is guided by emotions that are uniquely human in their experiential and interpersonal aspects. These ''moral emotions'' contribute importantly to human social behavior and derive from the neurobehavioral reorganization of the basic plan of emotions that pervade mammalian life. Disgust is one prototypic emotion with multiple domains that include viscerosomatic reaction patterns and subjective experiences linked to (a) the sensory prop- erties of a class of natural stimuli, (b) a set of aversive experiences and (c) a unique mode of experiencing morality. In the current investigation, we tested the hypotheses that (a) the experience of disgust devoid of moral connotations (''pure disgust'') can be sub- jectively and behaviorally differentiated from the experience of disgust disguised in the moral emotion of ''indignation'' and that (b) pure disgust and indignation may have partially overlapping neural substrates. Thirteen normal adult volunteers were investigated with functional magnetic resonance imaging as they read a series of statements depicting scenarios of pure disgust, indignation, and neutral emotion. After the scanning procedure, they assigned one basic and one moral emotion to each stimulus from an array of six basic and seven moral emotions. Results indicated that (a) emotional stimuli may evoke pure disgust with or without indignation, (b) these different aspects of the experience of disgust could be elicited by a set of written statements, and (c) pure disgust and indignation recruited both overlapping and distinct brain regions, mainly in the frontal and temporal lobes. This work underscores the importance of the prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortices in moral judgment and in the automatic attribution of morality to social events. Human disgust encompasses a variety of emotional experiences that are ingrained in frontal, temporal, and limbic networks.

321 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Philip Bruggmann, Thomas Berg1, Anne Øvrehus2, Christophe Moreno3, C. E. Brandão Mello4, Françoise Roudot-Thoraval, Rui Tato Marinho, Morris Sherman5, Stephen D. Ryder6, Jan Sperl, Ulus Salih Akarca7, İsmail Balik8, Florian Bihl, Marc Bilodeau9, Antonio Javier Blasco, Maria Buti, Filipe Calinas, Jose Luis Calleja, Hugo Cheinquer10, Peer Brehm Christensen2, Mette Rye Clausen, Henrique Sérgio Moraes Coelho11, Markus Cornberg12, Matthew E. Cramp13, Gregory J. Dore14, Wahid Doss15, Ann-Sofi Duberg16, Manal H El-Sayed17, Gül Ergör18, Gamal Esmat15, Chris Estes, Karolin Falconer19, J. Félix, Maria Lucia Gomes Ferraz20, Paulo R. Ferreira20, S. Frankova, Javier García-Samaniego21, Jan Gerstoft22, José Giria, Fernando L. Gonçales23, E. Gower, Michael Gschwantler, M Guimarães Pessôa24, Christophe Hézode, Harald Hofer25, Petr Husa26, Ramazan Idilman8, Martin Kåberg19, Kelly Kaita27, Achim Kautz, Sabahattin Kaymakoglu28, Mel Krajden29, Henrik Krarup30, Wim Laleman31, Daniel Lavanchy, Pablo Lázaro, Paul Marotta32, S. Mauss33, M. C. Mendes Correa24, Beat Müllhaupt34, Robert P. Myers35, Francesco Negro36, Vratislav Nemecek, Necati Örmeci8, J Parkes, Kevork M. Peltekian37, Kevork M. Peltekian38, Alnoor Ramji29, Homie Razavi, N. Reis, Stuart K. Roberts39, William Rosenberg40, Rui Sarmento-Castro, Christoph Sarrazin41, David Semela42, Gamal Shiha, William Sievert39, Peter Stärkel43, Rudolf E. Stauber44, Alexander J. Thompson45, Petr Urbánek46, I. van Thiel, H. Van Vlierberghe47, D. Vandijck48, D. Vandijck47, D. Vandijck49, Wolfgang Vogel, Imam Waked, Heiner Wedemeyer, Nina Weis50, Johannes Wiegand1, Ayman Yosry15, Amany Zekry14, P. Van Damme51, Soo Aleman52, Soo Aleman19, S. J. Hindman 
Leipzig University1, Odense University Hospital2, Université libre de Bruxelles3, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro4, University Health Network5, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust6, Ege University7, Ankara University8, Université de Montréal9, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul10, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro11, Hannover Medical School12, University of Plymouth13, University of New South Wales14, Cairo University15, Örebro University16, Ain Shams University17, Dokuz Eylül University18, Karolinska University Hospital19, Federal University of São Paulo20, Carlos III Health Institute21, University of Copenhagen22, State University of Campinas23, University of São Paulo24, Medical University of Vienna25, Masaryk University26, University of Manitoba27, Istanbul University28, University of British Columbia29, Aalborg University30, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven31, University of Western Ontario32, University of Düsseldorf33, University of Zurich34, University of Calgary35, Geneva College36, Dalhousie University37, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre38, Monash University39, University College London40, Goethe University Frankfurt41, University of St. Gallen42, Université catholique de Louvain43, Medical University of Graz44, University of Melbourne45, Charles University in Prague46, Ghent University Hospital47, University of Hasselt48, Ghent University49, Copenhagen University Hospital50, University of Antwerp51, Karolinska Institutet52
TL;DR: In most countries, prevalence rates were higher among males, reflecting higher rates of injection drug use, and Diagnosis, treatment and transplant levels also differed considerably between countries.
Abstract: Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading indicator for liver disease. New treatment options are becoming available, and there is a need to characterize the epidemiology and disease burden of HCV. Data for prevalence, viremia, genotype, diagnosis and treatment were obtained through literature searches and expert consensus for 16 countries. For some countries, data from centralized registries were used to estimate diagnosis and treatment rates. Data for the number of liver transplants and the proportion attributable to HCV were obtained from centralized databases. Viremic prevalence estimates varied widely between countries, ranging from 0.3% in Austria, England and Germany to 8.5% in Egypt. The largest viremic populations were in Egypt, with 6,358,000 cases in 2008 and Brazil with 2,106,000 cases in 2007. The age distribution of cases differed between countries. In most countries, prevalence rates were higher among males, reflecting higher rates of injection drug use. Diagnosis, treatment and transplant levels also differed considerably between countries. Reliable estimates characterizing HCV-infected populations are critical for addressing HCV-related morbidity and mortality. There is a need to quantify the burden of chronic HCV infection at the national level.

277 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202330
202277
2021646
2020690
2019607
2018490