Showing papers by "Universidade Positivo published in 2014"

Soil fauna and its relation with environmental variables in soil management systems

Abstract: The present study aims to generate knowledge about the soil fauna, its relation to other explanatory environmental variables, and, besides it, to select edaphic indicators that more contribute to separate the land use systems (LUS). Five different LUS were chosen: conventional tillage with crop rotation (CTCR); no-tillage with crop rotation (NTCR); conventional tillage with crop succession (CTCS); no-tillage with crop succession (NTCS) and minimum tillage with crop succession (MTCS). The samples were made in the counties Chapeco, Xanxere and Ouro Verde located in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and were considered the true replicates of the LUS. In each site, nine points were sampled in a sampling grid of 3 x 3. At the same points, soil was sampled for the physical, chemical and biological attributes (environmental variables). Pitfall traps were used to evaluate the soil fauna. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA). The soil fauna presented potential to be used as indictors of soil quality, since some groups proved to be sensible to changes of the environmental variables and to soil management and tillage. The soil management using crop rotation (NTCR and CTCR) presented higher diversity, compared to the systems using crop succession (NTCS, MTCS and NTCS), evidencing the importance of the soil tillage, independent of the season (summer or winter). The variable that better contributed to explain these changes were the chemical variables (potassium, pH, calcium, organic matter, available phosphorus, potential acidity), and biological variables (Shannon diversity index, Collembola, Pielou equitability index and microbial biomass carbon), respectively.

The influence of land use systems on soil and surface litter fauna in the western region of Santa Catarina

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the abundance of soil and surface litter fauna in the western region of Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil, in the following land use systems (LUS): no-tillage crops (NT), integrated crop-livestock (ICL), pasture (PA), Eucalyptus plantation (EP) and native forest fragments (NF). Sampling was done in three counties in the western region of Santa Catarina: Xanxere, Chapeco and Sao Miguel do Oeste, in two seasons (winter and summer). The evaluation of soil/litter fauna in each LUS was performed by installing nine "pitfall traps" per sampling grid (3 x 3). The counties are true replicas. The soil for the chemical attributes was collected at the same sampling points for soil fauna. Altogether, 17 taxa were identified in the five LUS. The presence of groups of fauna was influenced by the type of soil management used. The LUS NF and EP provide better soil conditions for the development of a higher diversity of soil fauna groups compared to other LUS, which showed varying degrees of human intervention, regardless of the sampling season (winter or summer). However, annual crop systems NT and ICL groups showed greater richness and total abundance when compared to the perennial systems (EP and PA). Principal component analysis is an important tool in the study of biological indicators of sustainability because it allows use of soil attributes (chemical and physical) as explanatory environmental variables, which helps in the interpretation of ecological

Biofilm development in water distribution and drainage systems: dynamics and implications for hydraulic efficiency

Abstract: Pipeline distribution systems account for the vast majority of the physical infrastructure in the water and wastewater industry. Their effective management represents the primary challenge to the industry, from both an operational and public health standpoint. Biofouling is ubiquitous within these systems, and it can significantly impede their efficiency, through increase in boundary shear and associated flow resistance caused by characteristic change in surface dynamics. Nonetheless, conventional pipeline design practices fail to take into account such effects, partly because research findings that could contribute to upgrade and optimize design practices appear scattered in the literature, and are often offering conflicting views as to its causes. This makes it difficult for the adoption of adequate predictive and preventative measures. The aim of this review is to update and contribute to a better understanding of the development and impact of biofilms and biofouling within water management pipelines, particularly within the academia and the general engineering community. The review has confirmed that the potential impact of biofouling on pipeline performance can be significant and that current design approaches are outdated for biofouled surfaces. Further research on this topic is therefore, essential, to ensure that both current and future systems are as effective as possible, both environmentally and financially. In particular, more advanced mathematical modelling frameworks which include the dynamic and case-specific nature of biofouling should be developed. Such a framework could give rise to a real-time monitoring platform to assist the adoption of more cost-effective approaches to maintain and repair the system.

Cumulative influences of a small city and former mining activities on the sediment quality of a subtropical estuarine protected area

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the sediment quality in the estuarine protected area known as Cananeia-Iguape-Peruibe (CIP-PA), located on the southeastern coast of Brazil. The study was designed considering possible negative effects induced by the city of Cananeia on the sediment quality of surrounding areas. This evaluation was performed using chemical and ecotoxicological analyses. Sediments were predominantly sandy, with low CaCO3 contents. Amounts of organic matter varied, but higher contents occurred closer to the city, as well as did Fe and Total Recoverable Oils and Greases (TROGs) concentrations. Contamination by Cd and Cu was revealed in some samples, while concentrations of Zn were considered low. Chronic toxicity was detected in all tested sediments and acute toxicity occurred only in sediments collected near the city. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed an association among Cd, Cu, Fe, TROG, fines, organic matter, CaCO3, and chronic toxicity, whereas acute toxicity was found to be associated with Zn and mud. However, because Zn levels were low, acute toxicity was likely due to a contaminant that was not measured. Results show that there is a broad area within the CIP-PA that is under the influence of mining activities (chronic toxicity, moderate contamination by metals), whereas poorer conditions occur closer to Cananeia (acute toxicity); thus, the urban area seems to constitute a relevant source of contaminants for the estuarine complex. These results show that contamination is already capable of producing risks for the local aquatic biota, which suggests that the CIP-PA effectiveness in protecting estuarine biota may be threatened.

Sports-related dermatoses among road runners in Southern Brazil.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Road running is a growing sport. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of sports-related dermatoses among road runners. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 76 road runners. Assessment was performed by means of a questionnaire, interview, and clinical examination. The chi-square and linear trend tests were used for analysis. RESULTS: Most athletes were men (61%), aged 38±11 years, who ran mid- or long-distance courses (60.5%) for 45 to 60 minutes (79%), for a total of 25-64 km (42.1% ) or more than 65 km (18.4%) per week. The most prevalent injuries were blisters (50%), chafing (42.1%), calluses (34.2%), onychomadesis (31.5%), tinea pedis (18.4%), onychocryptosis (14.5%), and cheilitis simplex (14.5%). Among athletes running >64 km weekly, several conditions were significantly more frequent: calluses (p<0.04), jogger's nipple (p<0.004), cheilitis simplex (p<0.05), and tinea pedis (p<0.004). There was a significant association between the weekly running distance and the probability of skin lesions. Of the athletes in our sample, 57% trained before 10 a.m., 86% wore clothing and accessories for sun protection, 62% wore sunscreen, and 19.7% experienced sunburn. Traumatic and environmental dermatoses are common in practitioners of this outdoor sport, and are influenced by the weekly running distance. CONCLUSION: In this group of athletes, rashes, blisters, sunburn, and nail disorders were recurrent complaints regardless of running distance. Calluses, athlete's foot, chapped lips, and jogger's nipple predominated in individuals who ran longer routes.

Teoria da Atividade: contribuições conceituais e metodológicas para o estudo da aprendizagem organizacional

Abstract: Atualmente existe no Brasil uma crescente discussao sobre aprendizagem organizacional na area de Administracao. Desta forma, este artigo visa contribuir para essa discussao introduzindo elementos teorico-metodologicos provenientes da Teoria da Atividade, pertencente a perspectiva historico-cultural, de tradicao russa. Dentro dessa proposta, a metodologia de pesquisa de desenvolvimento do trabalho e a aprendizagem expansiva sao apresentadas como elementos alinhados a essa teoria e promissores no estudo da aprendizagem e no desenvolvimento organizacional, contribuindo para a aprendizagem do nivel individual e coletivo. Com base nesse escopo teorico-metodologico de pesquisa, pretende-se contribuir para novos debates, oportunizando o dialogo com outras perspectivas de analise bem como considerando a possibilidade da propria expansao do conceito sobre aprendizagem organizacional.

Development of laparoscopic skills in Medical students naive to surgical training

Abstract: Objective To assess the acquisition of basic laparoscopic skills of Medical students trained on a surgical simulator.Methods First- and second-year Medical students participated on a laparoscopic training program on simulators. None of the students had previous classes of surgical technique, exposure to surgical practice nor training prior to the enrollment in to the study. Students´ time were collected before and after the 150-minute training. Skill acquisition was measured comparing time and scores of students and senior instructors of laparoscopic surgeryResults Sixty-eight students participated of the study, with a mean age of 20.4 years, with a predominance of first-year students (62%). All students improved performance in score and time, after training (p<0,001). Score improvement in the exercises ranged from 294.1 to 823%. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified that second-year Medical students have achieved higher performance after training.Conclusions Medical students who had never been exposed to surgical techniques can acquire basic laparoscopic skills after training in simulators. Second-year undergraduates had better performance than first-year students.

The real-life experience with cardiovascular complications in the first dose of fingolimod for multiple sclerosis

Abstract: Fingolimod is a new and efficient treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). The drug administration requires special attention to the first dose, since cardiovascular adverse events can be observed during the initial six hours of fingolimod ingestion. The present study consisted of a review of cardiovascular data on 180 patients with MS receiving the first dose of fingolimod. The rate of bradycardia in these patients was higher than that observed in clinical trials with very strict inclusion criteria for patients. There were less than 10% of cases requiring special attention, but no fatal cases. All but one patient continued the treatment after this initial dose. This is the first report on real-life administration of fingolimod to Brazilian patients with MS, and one of the few studies with these characteristics in the world.

The Real-life Experience With Cardiovascular Complications In The First Dose Of Fingolimod For Multiple Sclerosis.

Abstract: Fingolimod is a new and efficient treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). The drug administration requires special attention to the first dose, since cardiovascular adverse events can be observed during the initial six hours of fingolimod ingestion. The present study consisted of a review of cardiovascular data on 180 patients with MS receiving the first dose of fingolimod. The rate of bradycardia in these patients was higher than that observed in clinical trials with very strict inclusion criteria for patients. There were less than 10% of cases requiring special attention, but no fatal cases. All but one patient continued the treatment after this initial dose. This is the first report on real-life administration of fingolimod to Brazilian patients with MS, and one of the few studies with these characteristics in the world.

Effect of platelet-rich plasma therapy associated with exercise training in musculoskeletal healing in rats.

Abstract: Background Muscle healing is a time-dependent process associated with an increase in the total amount of local collagen fibers. Platelet-rich plasma therapy (PRPT) associated with exercise may improve this healing process. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the regenerative effect of PRPT in association with exercise training on musculoskeletal healing. Methods Male Wistar rats were submitted to an injury in the vastus lateralis muscle and randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 5/group): sedentary sham-operated (SSO); sedentary group submitted to PRPT (SPR); swim-trained (SWT); and swim-trained group submitted to PRPT (SWP). Serum lactate level was used to confirm the training protocol effectiveness to increase aerobic fitness. The collagen fiber concentration was measured by the polarization colors in picrosirius red-stained tissue sections. Results Lactate levels decreased in both training groups (SWT and SWP; P P P Conclusion Exercise in association with PRPT enhances the skeletal muscle-healing process.

Piercings in medical students and their effects on the skin.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Piercings are body embellishments commonly seen in young people, however their inherent risk of infection and scarring disorders are less divulged OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of body piercings among medical students and their possible dermatologic consequences METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 58 medical students, by means of a structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, technical issues related to the piercing and characteristics of the dermatologic complications RESULTS: The sample was predominantly female (862%), with mean age 24 ± 3 years The placement of the first piercing occurred during adolescence (median age 15), without medical supervision (914%) or knowledge of parents/guardians (74%) Most piercings were made of metal alloy/stainless steel, in a dumbbell model (517%), inserted in the umbilical area (535%) or ear (414%), with frequent cutaneous reactions in the first six months post-piercing Hypertrophic scarring, pain, swelling and infection (p<005) had significantly higher frequencies among those with navel piercings CONCLUSION: Piercing insertion occurred during adolescence Local inflammatory and infectious reactions were common Scarring disorders and dermatitis appeared in the long term There is need for preventive and educational activities, starting with those in the academic environment

Evolution of perceived exertion concepts and mechanisms: a literature review

Abstract: The mechanisms and concepts of perceived exertion have changed over the years Thus, the objectives of the present literature review were i) to investigate the literature reviews that have been published since 1982 and to describe the proposed causal mechanisms of perceived exertion, and ii) to determine whether the concepts of perceived exertion have accompanied the changes of its proposed mechanisms Searches were performed in PubMed, Science Direct and Scielo using the terms 'rating of perceived exertion and review' and 'perceived exertion and review' Eighteen papers whose main objective was to determine the overall perceived exertion during physical exercise were included in the present study It was observed that, despite the existence of the early corollary discharge theory, after Borg's propositions most of the literature has explained perceived exertion using the afferent feedback theory based on correlational studies It was only in 2009 that there was a resurgence of the original corollary discharge theory in perceived exertion papers Most of the perceived exertion concepts are related to the afferent feedback mechanism, using constructs such as physiological responses, stress, discomfort and pain However, these constructs are incongruent with the corollary discharge theory, presenting physiological mechanisms that differ from those of perceived exertion Therefore, Borg's studies have influenced contemporary views of the mechanisms and concepts of perceived exertion Over the years, additional constructs have been incorporated into the original Borg's concept, although always on the basis of the afferent feedback theory

Functional independence of long-living elderly at hospital admission

Abstract: The aim of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to assess the functional independence of long-living elderly at the time of hospitalization. The study was conducted in two teaching hospitals, in the period between January and June of 2011, with 116 long-living elderly. The Functional Independence Measure Scale was applied for data collection and data analyses were performed using descriptive statistics. The score of the total Functional Independence Measure varied from 48 to 126, with a mean of 105.9% (±17.9), which represents functional independence. The motor Functional Independence Measurement of 30 to 91 (77.3%; ±14.5) and the social/cognitive Functional Independence Measurement of 18 to 35 (28.6%; ±4.9). At the hospital admission, the long-living elderly appeared to be independent in all of the Functional Independence Measurement domains. Knowing the functional capacity is essential to plan care throughout the entire hospitalization process. DESCRIPTORS: Aged 80 and over. Longevity. Hospitalization. Geriatric nursing.

Association between congenital heart defects and severe infections in children with Down syndrome

Abstract: Introduction There is a high prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in Down syndrome (DS) patients. Children with DS and CHD also present greater susceptibility to pulmonary infections than those without CHD. Aim To investigate the prevalence and types of CHD and their association with severe infections in children with DS in southern Brazil seen in a reference outpatient clinic. Methods Children aged between six and 48 months with a diagnosis of DS were included consecutively in the period May 2001 to May 2012, and the presence of CHD and severe infections (pneumonia and sepsis) was investigated, classified and analyzed. Results A total of 127 patients were included, of whom 89 (70.1%) had some type of CHD, 33 (37.7%) of them requiring surgical correction. Severe infections (pneumonia and sepsis) were seen in 23.6% and 5.5%, respectively. Of the cases of pneumonia, 70% had associated CHD (p=0.001) and of those with sepsis, 85% presented CHD (p=0.001). Conclusions Our study showed a high prevalence of CHD and its association with severe infections in children with DS seen in southern Brazil.

Exposição e proteção solar dos estudantes de medicina de Curitiba (PR)

Abstract: Trata-se de estudo observacional de corte transversal que teve como objetivo analisar a exposicao e protecao solar de estudantes de Medicina de Curitiba (PR), atraves de questionario autoaplicado, comparando os resultados entre alunos de ambos os sexos que tiveram ou nao intervencao da disciplina de Dermatologia. Analise estatistica pelo Teste Exato de Fisher e Qui-Quadrado. Amostra composta de 398 estudantes com perfil sociodemografico caracterizado principalmente por mulheres (54,9%), brancas, predominando a media de 23,8 anos. A maioria cursou a disciplina de Dermatologia (72,1%) e possui conhecimentos basicos sobre fotoprotecao (65,3%). Quanto as praticas de exposicao solar, os horarios preferidos foram apos 16 horas (55%) e entre 10-16 horas (23,3%), com uso diario de protetor solar (36,5%) e fator de protecao 30 ou superior (65,5%). Em relacao aos riscos individuais para carcinomas cutâneos, 61,2% se enquadraram nos fototipos II e III de Fitzpatrick. Historico familiar de câncer de pele ocorreu em 24,6% nos avos e/ou pais. Entre as mulheres que cursaram a disciplina de Dermatologia, verificou-se aplicacao diaria de fotoprotetor mais vezes ao dia e com fator de protecao solar mais alto.

Increased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 immunoreactivity in the sclera-choroid complex in hypercholesterolemia experimental model

Abstract: Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho e avaliar a expressao da molecula de adesao intercelular-1 (ICAM-1) na esclera e coroide de coelhos hipercolesterolemicos. Metodos: Coelhos New Zealand foram organizados em dois grupos: GN (grupo dieta normal), composto por 8 coelhos (8 olhos), recebeu racao padrao para coelhos, durante 4 semanas; GH (grupo hipercolesterolemico), composto por 13 coelhos (13 olhos), recebeu dieta rica em colesterol a 1% por 8 semanas. Foi realizada a dosagem serica de colesterol total, triglicerideos, HDL colesterol, glicemia de jejum no inicio do experimento e no momento da eutanasia. Ao final da 4a semana para o GN e 8a semana para o GH foi realizada a eutanasia dos animais. Os olhos foram corados com hematoxilina-eosina e submetidos a analise histologica, histomorfometrica e imunohistoquimica com o anticorpo ICAM-1. Resultados: Observou-se significativo aumento do colesterol total e triglicerideos do GH em relacao ao GN (p<0,001). A avaliacao histologica com hematoxilina eosina revelou grande quantidade de macrofagos no complexo esclero-coroidal do GH. No GH constatou-se significativo aumento da espessura da esclera e coroide em relacao ao GN (p<0,001). Houve significativo aumento da expressao da ICAM-1 na esclera e coroide dos animais do GH em relacao ao GN (p<0,001). Conclusao: Este estudo demonstra que a dieta hipercolesterolemica induz ao aumento da expressao da ICAM-1 na esclera e coroide de coelhos.

A prática da gestão de operações nas organizações

Abstract: This paper sought to identify the themes of Operations Management that are currently valued by automotive manufacturers in the creation, use and dissemination of new production concepts. For such, it conducted a content analysis of documents that drive the production systems adopted by the four major manufacturers, with plants in the city of Curitiba. Six themes were seen to stand out: quality management; lean production system; human resource management in operations; production and process management; design, measurement and improvement of work; and measurement of performance and productivity.

Effects of Scale and Discharge Variation on Similitude and Solute Transport in Water Treatment Tanks

Abstract: This paper addresses the design and experimentation aspects of scaled contact tanks, a key type of treatment units in water works worldwide. The paper covers the effects of scale and discharge variation on the dynamic similitude and hydraulic efficiency of such tanks. The flow patterns tending to complete mixing (CM) and plug flow (PF) were studied, each assessed in a prototype and three further geometrically similar models of L-shaped and serpentine geometries. Tracer experiments were conducted under five discharge values. The sensitivity of each flow pattern to the changing conditions was assessed based on the residence time distribution curves and hydraulic efficiency index values, contrasted for prototypes and their scaled models. Although the CM flow pattern was insensitive to the variation of scale and discharge, within the ranges tested in this study, the PF pattern was affected by both variations when the flow regime was not turbulent in a model tank. A dependency of the dispersion number ...

Associação entre cardiopatias congênitas e infeções graves em crianças com síndrome de Down

Abstract: Resumo Fundamento Defeitos cardiacos congenitos (DCC) tem alta prevalencia em pacientes com sindrome de Down (SD). Alem disso, criancas com SD que possuem DCC sao mais suscetiveis as infeccoes pulmonares do que aqueles que nao possuem cardiopatia. Objetivos Investigar a prevalencia, tipos de DCC e a sua associacao com infeccoes graves em criancas com SD do sul do Brasil, atendidas em um ambulatorio de referencia. Metodos Durante o periodo de maio de 2011 a maio de 2012, foram incluidas consecutivamente no estudo criancas entre 6-48 meses de idade, diagnosticadas com SD nas quais foram investigadas, classificadas e analisadas as cardiopatias e infeccoes graves (sepse e pneumonia). Resultados Foram incluidos no estudo 127 pacientes. Desses, 89 (70,1%) possuiam algum tipo de cardiopatia, sendo necessaria a correcao cirurgica em 33 (37,7%) deles. Com relacao a presenca de infeccoes graves, pneumonia e sepse foram diagnosticadas respectivamente em 23,6 e 5,5% dos casos. Dentre os casos de pneumonia, 70% das criancas apresentavam cardiopatia (p = 0,001) e nos casos de sepse em 85% eram cardiopatas (p = 0,001). Conclusoes O presente estudo demonstrou alta prevalencia de diferentes formas de DCC e a sua associacao com infeccoes graves em criancas com SD atendidas no sul do Brasil.

O uso do amianto no Brasil: o embate entre duas racionalidades no Supremo Tribunal Federal

Abstract: O tema deste artigo se insere nas discussoes sobre desenvolvimento sustentavel, especificamente no processo de institucionalizacao das questoes ambientais no Brasil. Nesse contexto, aborda a relacao entre meio ambiente e economia em julgados sobre o uso do amianto em âmbito do Supremo Tribunal Federal. O modelo de analise e fundamentado no conceito de racionalidade e sua mediacao nas relacoes entre meio ambiente e economia. Dentre os resultados, identifica-se que o apego a uma postura formalista, desassociada da realidade no que concerne aos aspectos socioambientais, dificulta uma discussao substantiva e privilegia os interesses economicos e a dinâmica do capital, inerentes a racionalidade economica.

Intraoperative accidents associated with surgical removal of third molars

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of intraoperative accidents associated with extraction of third molars and identify possible risk factors. Methods: Prospective study with patients undergoing third molar surgery by residents of the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service at the Federal University of Parana. Epidemiological data were collected from preoperative evaluation forms. During the surgical procedure were evaluated the radiographic position classifications of all third molars removed, using methods such as osteotomy and/or tooth section, time for the procedure and occurrence of any complication. Results: The students extracted a total of 323 teeth. The mean surgical time was 45 min. Conclusions: The prevalence of intraoperative accidents during extraction of third molars was 6.19%. The most prevalent accident was maxillary tuberosity fracture, followed by hemorrhage. Age, positioning of the teeth and use of the techniques of osteotomy and tooth section are possible risk factors.

Contribuições da teoria da atividade para o estudo das organizações

Abstract: This article aims to devise theoretical methodological principles for the organization study. The concept of social practice is adopted as less meaningful unit for analysis of the organization, comprising it from the Theory of Socio-Historical and Cultural Activity, relying on the ideas of Vygotsky, Leontiev, Engestromand Clot. It is argued in this paper the concept of organization from its dialectical and historical events, in which the individual is considered an instance of totality, from a theoretical course in socio - historical categories of: activity systems situated, sensed and meant, learning and human development. The future shows a way of doing science that surpasses the positivist conception of method to result in a conception of method and result. From these theoretical categories and the report of three researches, we can deduce a set of theoretical methodological principles of socio- historical nature that contribute to the study of the organization, as it is broken with the individual dichotomy versus group versus organization, with the abstract and historical conception of the organizational phenomenon, and with the behaviorist conception of prevailing man in the organizational studies. At last, we can deduce categories that learn subjective and intersubjective dimensions of an organization reality in constant movement.

La práctica de la Gestión de Operaciones en las organizaciones

Abstract: This paper sought to identify the themes of Operations Management that are currently valued by automotive manufacturers in the creation, use and dissemination of new production concepts. For such, it conducted a content analysis of documents that drive the production systems adopted by the four major manufacturers, with plants in the city of Curitiba. Six themes were seen to stand out: quality management; lean production system; human resource management in operations; production and process management; design, measurement and improvement of work; and measurement of performance and productivity.

Pressões institucionais e adoção do balanced scorecard: o caso de uma organização do setor elétrico do sul do brasil

Abstract: Diante da concorrencia, as organizacoes sao levadas a adotar posturas agressivas aliadas a necessidade de agil e eficiente processo de gerenciamento e tomada de decisoes a fim de melhorar o desempenho e aumentar as vantagens competitivas, onde ferramentas gerenciais sao adotadas para subsidiar gestores no processo de tomada de decisao. Neste contexto, o Balanced Scorecard (BSC) e visto como uma ferramenta de avaliacao do desempenho empresarial que extrapola aos indicadores contabeis e financeiros e ajuda a melhorar a gestao e o acompanhamento dos resultados da organizacao, uma vez que tem como foco o planejamento estrategico e o desempenho. O presente estudo se propoe a descrever de que forma as pressoes ambientais de carater tecnico e institucional influenciaram o processo de adocao do BSC em uma organizacao do setor eletrico da regiao sul do Brasil. Metodologicamente este estudo e classificado como descritivo, qualitativo, transversal quanto a sua dimensao temporal, e tem como estrategia de pesquisa o metodo do estudo de caso. Observou-se que a adocao do BSC se deu em resposta a um conturbado cenario no qual a organizacao estava inserida, o que demonstra a influencia do ambiente sobre as decisoes da organizacao paralelamente ao fato de ter sido observado um ‘modismo gerencial’ no Brasil quanto a utilizacao do BSC, explicado pelo fato de estruturas organizacionais formais se desenvolverem diante de um contexto altamente institucionalizado.

Cooperation and the relationship between education and healthcare institutions: the nursing pró-saúde project

Abstract: This qualitative study used a case study approach with the aim of analyzing the cooperation between the Nursing Course of the Federal University of Santa Catarina and the Municipal Health Secretariat of Florianopolis, from the Pro-Saude I Project. The data, from documentary sources and interviews, were analyzed using the directed content analysis technique, and interpreted considering the Cooperative Interorganizational Relationships Model. The results show commitment to formalize the project between both institutions, at a strategic level, followed by negotiations and commitments, culminating with a modified project and a new agreement regulating the partnership. For its implementation, the Management Committee was responsible for making effective, in a cyclic way, the relationship for the proposed activities. It is concluded that there was approximation between the institutions at different levels, reflected in the cooperation within the healthcare units for education-service integration, with the aim of redirecting the nursing training. DESCRIPTORS: Nursing. Education-Care Integration. Brazilian National Health System.

Abordagens e procedimentos qualitativos: implicações para pesquisas em organizações

Abstract: O proposito principal desse trabalho e o de fazer uma comparacao (e sucinta analise) entre as diversas abordagens e procedimentos qualitativos utilizados em pesquisas nas Ciencias Sociais, mais especificamente em estudos organizacionais. Pretende-se oferecer uma nocao sobre os metodos qualitativos mais utilizados nas pesquisas em organizacoes. Acredita-se que o panorama proposto podera auxiliar, de algum modo, investigadores na escolha metodologica na fase inicial de suas pesquisas. Para tanto, faz-se necessario e julga-se oportuno a realizacao de uma breve discussao sobre alguns aspectos inerentes a utilizacao de tais procedimentos, considerando que a abordagem metodologica do pesquisador deve refletir as premissas ontologicas e epistemologicas. Nesse trabalho, sao apresentadas caracteristicas, especificidades e procedimentos relacionados a fenomenologia, etnografia, etnometodologia, discurso e narrativa, grounded theory, estudo de caso, pesquisa-acao e pesquisa historica. Os procedimentos de pesquisa aqui abordados tambem apresentam desafios para o pesquisador, para o projeto de pesquisa e para o futuro da pesquisa em estudos organizacionais.

Em que sentido(s) é radical o Behaviorismo Radical

Abstract: O uso do adjetivo radical para identificar a variedade de behaviorismo proposta por Skinner e corrente nos dias atuais. Entretanto, historicamente, esse qualificador nao foi exclusivamente aplicado a proposta skinneriana e seu carater polissemico tende a gerar incorrecoes na interpretacao do que caracteriza o Behaviorismo Radical de Skinner. Este artigo pretende esclarecer o sentido mais apropriado de radical quando aplicado ao behaviorismo de Skinner por meio de quatro atividades articuladas: (1) a recuperacao das origens etimologicas da palavra radical e seus diferentes significados em Lingua Portuguesa, Lingua Espanhola e Lingua Inglesa; (2) uma reconstrucao e analise evolutiva de um cenario historico que culminou no uso do termo no contexto behaviorista; (3) uma analise das principais acepcoes de radical quando associadas ao behaviorismo; (4) um exame dos sentidos em que e coerente a adocao do termo radical associado ao behaviorismo e das implicacoes correntes e futuras para o Behaviorismo Radical e a Analise do Comportamento no contexto cientifico.

Lesiones deportivas y cutáneas en adeptos de carrera de calle

Abstract: INTRODUCCION: La carrera de calle es una modalidad en expansion y ha sido utilizada como recreacion, deporte o practica competitiva.OBJETIVO: Verificar frecuencia de lesiones deportivas y cutaneas en atletas de carrera de calle. Material yMETODOS: Estudio transversal de 220 atletas de carrera de calle con cuestionario y observacion clinica. Analisis a traves de los tests t, Mann-Whitney, Qui-cuadrado y correlacion de Spearman.RESULTADOS: Predominaron atletas del sexo masculino, adultos, practicantes de carrera de larga distancia, que entrenan como promedio 45 a 60 minutos con frecuencia de 2 y 3 veces por semana y tienen participacion variable en competiciones. Las principales lesiones relatadas fueron dolor en la rodilla (30,4%), distension/estiramiento muscular (16,7%), tendinitis (10,1%), dolor en los muslos (7,3%) y dolor en la columna (7%), sin diferencias estadisticas entre los generos. Hubo asociacion significativa entre kilometros recorridos en entrenamiento y lesiones musculares en los hombres (p = 0,0477, x = 9,60). El calzado deportivo tuvo relacion con presencia de unas encarnadas y perdidas ungueales en las mujeres.CONCLUSION: Los hombres presentaron mayor frecuencia de lesiones musculares y las mujeres, de afecciones cutaneas y ungueales.