Showing papers by "Universidade Positivo published in 2015"
TL;DR: Four individuals with ataxic cerebral palsy likely due to de novo dominant mutations associated with increased paternal age are described and investigated for genetic causes before the disorder is ascribed to asphyxia.
Abstract: Cerebral palsy is a sporadic disorder with multiple likely aetiologies, but frequently considered to be caused by birth asphyxia. Genetic investigations are rarely performed in patients with cerebral palsy and there is little proven evidence of genetic causes. As part of a large project investigating children with ataxia, we identified four patients in our cohort with a diagnosis of ataxic cerebral palsy. They were investigated using either targeted next generation sequencing or trio-based exome sequencing and were found to have mutations in three different genes, KCNC3, ITPR1 and SPTBN2. All the mutations were de novo and associated with increased paternal age. The mutations were shown to be pathogenic using a combination of bioinformatics analysis and in vitro model systems. This work is the first to report that the ataxic subtype of cerebral palsy can be caused by de novo dominant point mutations, which explains the sporadic nature of these cases. We conclude that at least some subtypes of cerebral palsy may be caused by de novo genetic mutations and patients with a clinical diagnosis of cerebral palsy should be genetically investigated before causation is ascribed to perinatal asphyxia or other aetiologies.
122 citations
TL;DR: Torularhodin and torulene are two widespread microbial carotenoids with relatively few studies, as compared to other nutraceutical carotENoids such as β-carotene, lycopene and astaxanthin.
Abstract: Torularhodin and torulene are two widespread microbial carotenoids with relatively few studies, as compared to other nutraceutical carotenoids such as β-carotene, lycopene and astaxanthin. Several genera of microorganisms produce it in high concentration (up to 0.1% of the cell dry weight), probably as a protection against photooxidation and free radicals. These pigments, which differ by a terminal carboxylic group, have provitamin-A activity and, being red, have potential use as food and cosmetic color additives. Several factors affect the biosynthesis of these substances, including: the composition of culture media, light irradiation, which may enhance the carotenoid production up to 25% of the non-irradiated cultures, and temperature, which changes the carotenoid balance towards more of the acidic carotenoid (torularhodin) or the hydrocarbon (torulene). The biomass may be directly extracted using non polar solvents such as hexane or a hexane-acetone mixture, without need of cell disruption. Extensive purification is not needed for using the pigments as food or cosmetic additives, but it is still necessary to evaluate the bioactivity of the pigments in humans.
72 citations
TL;DR: Because the likelihood of maintaining the tooth structures with GIC restorations is high, invasive treatment should be postponed until the child is sufficiently mature to cooperate with the treatment, mainly of teeth affected on just one face.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the 12-month clinical performance of glass ionomer restorations in teeth with MIH. First permanent molars affected by MIH (48) were restored with glass ionomer cement (GIC) and evaluated at baseline, at 6 and at 12 months, by assessing tooth enamel breakdown, GIC breakdown and caries lesion associations. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and actuarial survival analysis. The likelihood of a restored tooth remaining unchanged at the end of 12 months was 78%. No statistically significant difference was observed in the association between increased MIH severity and caries at baseline (p > 0.05) for a 6-month period, or between increased MIH severity and previous unsatisfactory treatment at baseline (p > 0.05) for both a 6- and 12-month period. A statistically significant difference was observed in the association between increased MIH severity and extension of the restoration, involving 2 or more surfaces (p < 0.05) at both periods, and between increased MIH severity and caries at baseline (p < 0.05) at a 12-month period. Because the likelihood of maintaining the tooth structures with GIC restorations is high, invasive treatment should be postponed until the child is sufficiently mature to cooperate with the treatment, mainly of teeth affected on just one face.
61 citations
TL;DR: The resurgence of pertussis should stimulate new research to develop vaccines with greater capacity of protection against current clones and also encourage implementation of new strategies for vaccination in order to reduce the risk of disease in infants.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Report the incidence, epidemiology, clinical features, death, and vaccination status of patients with whooping cough and perform genotypic characterization of isolates of B. pertussis identified in the state of Parana, during January 2007 to December 2013.METHODS: Cross-sectional study including 1,209 patients with pertussis. Data were obtained through the Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informacao de Agravos de Notificacao - SINAN) and molecular epidemiology was performed by repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR; DiversiLab(r), bioMerieux, France).RESULTS: The incidence of pertussis in the state of Parana increased sharply from 0.15-0.76 per 100,000 habitants between 2007-2010 to 1.7-4.28 per 100,000 between 2011-2013. Patients with less than 1 year of age were more stricken (67.5%). Fifty-nine children (5%) developed pertussis even after receiving three doses and two diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) boosters vaccine. The most common complications were pneumonia (14.5%), otitis (0.9%), and encephalopathy (0.7%). Isolates of B. pertussis were grouped into two groups (G1 and G2) and eight distinct patterns (G1: P1-P5 and G2: P6-P8).CONCLUSION: The resurgence of pertussis should stimulate new research to develop vaccines with greater capacity of protection against current clones and also encourage implementation of new strategies for vaccination in order to reduce the risk of disease in infants.
48 citations
TL;DR: Objectively, PD was more favorable regarding quality of life, for the large number of items with significant results when compared to HD, however, the two variables of greatest significance found in HD ended up having a much greater impact on well-being and daily-life of the patient in the environment external to the clinic than those who were higher in DP, making HD the most favorable for patient quality oflife.
Abstract: Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) compromises the health and routine of the patient. On the fifth stage of CKD, the patient becomes eligible to start renal replacement therapy: hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) or kidney transplantation. The type of CKD treatment is essential to improving quality of life of the patient. Objective: To compare the quality of life of CKD stage 5 patients who perform HD and home PD. Methods: Cross-sectional study with data collection, by convenience, through the application of socioeconomic and KDQOL SF-36 questionnaires in HD and PD patients of the Pro-Renal Foundation and satellite clinics in Curitiba-PR. Results: The sample was 338 patients, 222 HD and 116 PD. Average age: 54.4 years for HD group (± 15.28) and 58.00 for the DP group (± 13.99). The variables: work status (p < 0.05), encouragement by dialysis staff (p < 0.01) and patient satisfaction (p < 0.001) were in favor of DP; while physical functioning (p < 0.05) and emotional function (p < 0.01) were to HD. Conclusion: Objectively, PD was more favorable regarding quality of life, for the large number of items with significant results when compared to HD. However, the two variables of greatest significance found in HD (physical functioning and emotional functioning) ended up having a much greater impact on well-being and daily-life of the patient in the environment external to the clinic than those who were higher in DP, making HD the most favorable for patient quality of life.
48 citations
TL;DR: O uso do solo pode alterar processos como decomposicao da materia orgânica, ciclagem de nutrientes e agregacao das particulas e, com isso, influenciar a ocorrencia da macrofauna.
Abstract: O uso do solo pode alterar processos como decomposicao da materia orgânica, ciclagem de nutrientes e agregacao das particulas e, com isso, influenciar a ocorrencia da macrofauna. Objetivou-se com este estudo relacionar os sistemas de uso do solo e os efeitos deles sobre a distribuicao de grupos da macrofauna do solo, bem como a relacao desses com os atributos fisicos e quimicos do solo. Os sistemas de uso do solo avaliados foram: floresta nativa, reflorestamento de eucalipto, pastagem, integracao lavoura-pecuaria e lavoura com sistema plantio direto. As amostras foram coletadas em uma grade de amostragem de 3 × 3, totalizando nove pontos, distanciados entre si em 30 m, no inverno e verao, em tres municipios do Planalto Sul-catarinense, considerados replicas verdadeiras. As avaliacoes foram de atributos fisicos e quimicos do solo e da abundância e diversidade da macrofauna, coletada pelo metodo Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility (TSBF). Os organismos do solo sao pertencentes a 16 grupos taxonomicos, com 4.702 individuos m-2 no inverno e 7.438 individuos m-2 no verao. Houve interacao entre epoca e sistemas de uso do solo, com flutuacao populacional dos organismos dependente do uso e com relacao aos atributos fisicos e quimicos do solo, evidenciada pela analise de redundância, que apresentou alta correlacao entre variaveis ambientais e fauna do solo. As mudancas na composicao da macrofauna do solo foram observadas nos seus sistemas de uso, que tiveram maior intervencao antropica. Floresta nativa, reflorestamento de eucalipto e pastagem sao mais estaveis em termos de biodiversidade da macrofauna do solo, quando comparados com areas agricolas com plantio direto e integracao lavoura-pecuaria.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a model in which perceived authentic leadership (AL) predicts stores' sales achievement through the mediating role of perceived store virtuousness and perceived store potency.
Abstract: Sixty-eight stores of a retail chain were used for testing a model in which perceived authentic leadership (AL) predicts stores’ sales achievement through the mediating role of perceived store virtuousness and perceived store potency. Employees reported AL, store virtuousness, and store potency. Sales achievement over a period of four consecutive months subsequent to data collection (on independent and mediating variables) was considered as dependent variable (for control: sales achievement in the previous 4 months). The main findings are the following: (a) AL predicts store potency through the mediating role of store virtuousness; (b) store virtuousness predicts sales achievement through the mediating role of store potency; (c) AL predicts sales achievement via the mediating role of both store virtuousness and store potency. By focusing on three positive constructs, whose interrelations have scarcely been explored, and relating them to store performance, the study enriches the Positive Organizational Scholarship movement, and suggests that AL and virtuousness are good in themselves and also potential facilitators of group success.
43 citations
TL;DR: The high PEC/PNEC ratios in several cities showed that current usage patterns of these drugs constitute an environmental issue in need of resolution by health and environmental authorities.
30 citations
TL;DR: There was no association between quality of life and factors such as family income, length of diet and age at diagnosis, and Chronological age greater than 60 years has positively influenced the quality oflife of celiac patients.
Abstract: BackgroundRestrictions imposed by the gluten-free diet generate large changes in the daily habits of the celiac patient, causing a negative impact on quality of life.ObjetiveThis study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of patients with celiac disease on a capital in Southern Brazil.MethodsPatients older than 18 years were included, with confirmed celiac disease for at least 60 days in the period from June to October 2013. A validated questionnaire, with specific questions to assess the patient’s quality of life celiac was applied. A total score ranged from 20 to 100 points; the higher the score, worse quality of life.ResultsA total of 103 questionnaires were evaluated, 96 (93.2%) female, with average score 56.6±12.35 (28 to 88 points). The comparison between the questionnaire scores and family income was not significant (P=0.139). Patients diagnosed less than 1 year have poorer quality of life than those with more than 10 years (P=0.063). Patients older than 60 years had better quality of life compared with the younger ones (P=0.04).ConclusionThere was no association between quality of life and factors such as family income, length of diet and age at diagnosis. Chronological age greater than 60 years has positively influenced the quality of life of celiac patients.
20 citations
TL;DR: The light-cured resin cements showed greater color stability and the lighter shades of luting were more likely to display a greater color change.
Abstract: The color stability of resin cements is essential for aesthetic restorations. Aim: To evaluate the influence of shade and aging time on the color stability of two light-cured and two dual-cured resin cements. Methods: The CIE-Lab color parameters (n=6) were measured immediately after sample preparation and at 7, 30 and 90 days of aging in distilled water. The color difference (ΔE) was calculated and then analyzed by three-way ANOVA for repeated measures and Tukey's HSD test (α=0.05). Results: ΔE was higher for transparent resin colors, followed by dark and light colors. The mean values of ΔE were lower for both light-cured resin cements compared to the dual-cured cements. As the aging time increased, ΔE values increased. Conclusions: The light-cured resin cements showed greater color stability. The lighter shades of luting were more likely to display a greater color change.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of nonverbal consequences, monitoring, and social consequences on instruction-following were evaluated, and the results support the proposition that social control is important for maintaining instruction following.
Abstract: The effects of the magnitude of nonverbal consequences, monitoring, and social consequences on instruction-following were evaluated. Twenty-four undergraduates were exposed to a matching-to-sample procedure. The undergraduates underwent four experimental phases that differed regarding the presence or absence of the observer and the correspondence or non-correspondence of the instructions with the nonverbal contingency. In Experiments 1 and 2, the magnitudes of the nonverbal consequences were manipulated, and in Experiment 3, the effects of verbal reprimands on instruction-following were evaluated. The results revealed that alterations in the magnitudes of nonverbal consequences did not influenced the performances of the participants and that monitoring increased the probability that the participants would follow the instructions but not to an extent sufficient to maintain performance when the consequences did not correspond to the nonverbal contingency. The inclusion of verbal reprimands was necessary to achieve this effect. These results support the proposition that social control is important for maintaining instruction-following.
TL;DR: This is an exam with low accuracy for the diagnosis of lesions of aerodigestive tract, therefore it is important a clinical correlation for a good diagnosis, and the CT had high sensibility and specificity, thus a good exam to be used in overall.
Abstract: Objective:the study has the intention of evaluate the accuracy of computed tomography for the diagnosis of cervical lesions on penetrating neck trauma and also identify the most frequent mechanisms of trauma. Most injured structures, determine the age range and the most prevalent sex.Methods: observational descriptive retrospective study executed by the systematic retrospective review of medical records of all patients victims of penetrating neck trauma that went through surgery and CT scans, admitted into Hospital do Trabalhador, between January 2009 and December 2013.Results:the final sample was of 30 patients, 96.7% of the male sex, the median age was of 28 years old. Most patients suffered injuries by gun (56.7%) and 33,3% suffered stab wounds. The most stricken area of the neck was Zone II (77.8%) and the left side (55.2%). Regarding the structures injured, the CT showed 6.7% lesions on airways but the surgery showed 40% of damaged, with a value of p=0.002. As to damages of the esophagus and pharynx the CT detected 10% of lesions, while surgery found 30% of lesions, therefore with a significant value of p=0.013. As for the analysis the CT showed reliable. As for the analysis of vascular damage, the CT showed to be, in most cases, reliable to the findings during the surgical act.Conclusion:besides the great use of CT for the diagnosis of penetrating neck injuries we can say that this is an exam with low accuracy for the diagnosis of lesions of aerodigestive tract, therefore it is important a clinical correlation for a good diagnosis.as for the vascular lesions and of other structures, the CT had high sensibility and specificity, thus a good exam to be used in overall.
TL;DR: In this article, a socio-historical analysis of transformational leadership in the field of administration is presented, in order to oppose its main arguments in relation to those made by transformational leaders in political and social movements.
Abstract: In Administration, leadership is linked to the interest in productive efficiency, assuming the capacity of leaders and subordinates to achieve organizational outcomes. However, leadership is an issue broader than what this conception can suppose. Understanding that this is the perspective adopted in the seminal text by Burns (1978) on transformational leadership, we propose in this study to revisit this work, in order to oppose its main arguments in relation to those made by transformational leadership authors in the field of Administration. To do this, we adopted the socio-historical analysis, as proposed by Stefani and Vizeu (2011), the first step of in-depth hermeneutics (THOMPSON, 2000), a method that aims to avoid the mistake of free interpretation of a work that is contextually situated. Thus, we conclude that the key point of transformational leadership, according to Burns, is the moral development issue and detachment in the utilitarian relationship between leader and subordinates. These two points are stressed throughout the text by means of the examples provided by the author, almost always related to the context of leadership in the political domain and that regarding social movements, where the ethical and moral issue is taken on a societal dimension.
TL;DR: Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted to address the shortcoming in detailed fluid dynamics information on the response of helically coiled tube flocculators to varying design and operational conditions and propose a normalised parameter involving the reactor torsion, curvature and Reynolds number.
Abstract: Helical tubes are used as reactors in applications such as food processing and water and wastewater treatment. In water and wastewater treatment plants, helically coiled tube flocculators (HCTFs) provide efficiency gains over the more traditionally used baffled tanks. Their superior performance has been credited to more favourable velocity gradients (G) but detailed fluid dynamics information on the response of such reactors to varying design and operational conditions is still lacking. In this study, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to address this shortcoming. A validated CFD model of HCTFs was applied to assess the impact of varying reactor diameter and operating flow rate on the distributions of G, axial velocity and secondary flow structures. The developed flow region of the reactor was characterised for the occurrence and corresponding response of two cross-section zones, which govern the reactor efficiency. An equation is proposed associating G with a normalised parameter involving the reactor torsion, curvature and Reynolds number, which can be used to support the rational design, optimisation and operation control of HCTFs.
TL;DR: Suspected cases of maltreatment against children and adolescents are underreported, and more information is required to recognize suspected maltreatment cases and notify authorities.
Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the experience, knowledge and attitudes of dentists and oral health technicians (OHTs) who work in Basic Health Units in the city of Curitiba, PR, Brazil, regarding cases of abuse against children and adolescents. Methods: In this observational study, three hundred eighty-three questionnaires (validated for Brazilian Portuguese) were sent to dentists and OHTs who work in public health units. The response rate was 38.12% (n = 146) for dentists and 40% (n = 77) for OHTs. Results: The mean age of the dentists was 40±8.29 years, and 53.43% treated more than 10 children per week. The OHTs’ mean age was 45.39±9.71 years, and 62.35% attended to more than 10 children per week. Although the dentists perceived 185 suspected cases of maltreatment, only 35.67% were reported to authorities. In the OHT group, 22.08% were reported to authorities. Sixty-eight dentists (47%) and 11 OHTs (14.28%) reported having treated at least one case of orofacial trauma in the previous 6 months, totalizing 166 orofacial traumas. About the mechanism for reporting suspected cases, 83% of the respondents knew how to report. Over 50% of the responses concerning why the professionals did not report cases of physical violence against children included fear of retaliation and difficulties in diagnosis. Conclusions: Suspected cases of maltreatment against children and adolescents are underreported. More information is required to recognize suspected maltreatment cases and notify authorities.
TL;DR: Use of CHX in the bonding protocol did not cause loss of bond strength in any of the evaluated situations, irrespective of time and storage medium, and the storage medium had no influence on bond strength values after 15 days when the bond protocol without CHX application was used.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) application during the bonding protocol on microshear bond strength of two adhesive systems, after storage in different media. Seventy-two human molars had their crowns cut in half and embedded in PVC cylinders with acrylic resin. The specimens were randomly divided into experimental groups (n=12) according to the adhesive system (Ambar and Single Bond 2), use of CHX in the bonding protocol, and time interval (24 h and 15 days) in the storage media (distilled water, mineral oil and 1% sodium hypochlorite - NaOCl). Adhesive systems were applied in accordance to manufacturers' recommendations, with or without the use of CHX, and resin composite (Z350 XT) cylinders were placed on the hybridized dentin. After photoactivation, the specimens were stored in distilled water, mineral oil and 1% NaOCl for 24 h and 15 days. Microshear bond strength was determined at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. The bond strength data were analyzed statistically by 4-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=5%). Use of CHX in the bonding protocol did not cause loss of bond strength in any of the evaluated situations, irrespective of time and storage medium. The storage medium had no influence on bond strength values after 15 days when the bond protocol without CHX application was used. However, the use of CHX in the protocol influenced negatively the bond strength values for Single Bond 2 after 15 days storage in distilled water and 1% NaOCl.
TL;DR: The HCP implemented was effective in preventing the worsening of hearing loss in workers already with NIHL when exposed to occupational noise, and could be useful for the employment of workers with hearing Loss in job sectors that have noise exposure.
Abstract: Introduction Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a serious problem for workers and therefore for businesses. The hearing conservation program (HCP) is a set of coordinated measures to prevent the development or evolution of occupational hearing loss, which involves a continuous and dynamic process of implementation of hearing conservation routines through anticipation, recognition, evaluation, and subsequent control of the occurrence of existing environmental risks or of those that may exist in the workplace and lead to workers' hearing damage. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the HCP in preventing further hearing loss in workers with audiograms suggestive of NIHL. The audiometric tests and medical records of 28 furniture company workers exposed to noise were reviewed and monitored for 2 years. Methods This retrospective, cross-sectional study examined five audiometric tests in the medical records (on admission and every semester) of 28 workers in a furniture company (totaling 140 audiometric exams) following the introduction of the HCP. Results Data analysis showed no differences between the audiometric tests conducted on admission and those performed every semester. Conclusions The HCP implemented was effective in preventing the worsening of hearing loss in workers already with NIHL when exposed to occupational noise. Therefore, such a measure could be useful for the employment of workers with hearing loss in job sectors that have noise exposure.
TL;DR: It was demonstrated that 69% of Brazilian patients with celiac disease at diagnosis had low bone mineral density, being more frequent in women older than 50 years, and as expected, age influenced significantly the low bone Mineral density findings.
Abstract: BackgroundLow bone mineral density is considered an extra-intestinal manifestation of celiac disease with reduced bone mass, increased bone fragility, and risk of fractures. Celiac disease is considered a condition at high risk for secondary osteoporosis and the evaluation of bone density is very important in the clinical management of these patients.ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate bone alterations in celiac patients from Curitiba, South Region of Brazil at diagnosis, correlating the findings with age and gender.MethodsPatients who were included in the study were attended to in a private office of the same physician from January 2009 to December 2013. The diagnosis of celiac disease was done through clinical, serological and histological findings. All data were collected from the medical charts of the patients. After the diagnosis of celiac disease, evaluation for low bone mineral density was requested by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). DEXA bone densitometer was used to estimate low bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and femur.ResultsA total of 101 patients, 82 (81.2%) female and 19 (18.8%) male subjects, with mean age of 39.0±3.03 years were included. At celiac disease diagnosis, 36 (35.6%) were younger than 30 years, 41 (40.6%) were between 31 and 50 years, and 24 (23.8%) were older than 50 years. Among the evaluated patients, 69 (68.3%) presented low bone mineral density, being 47% with osteopenia and 32% with osteoporosis. Patients who were older than 51 years and diagnosed with celiac disease presented low bone mineral density in 83.3% (20/24) of the cases. As expected, age influenced significantly the low bone mineral density findings. Among women, low bone mineral density was present with high frequency (60%) from 30 to 50 years. In patients diagnosed older than 60 years (n=8), all the women (n=5) and two of the three men had osteoporosis.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that 69% of Brazilian patients with celiac disease at diagnosis had low bone mineral density, being more frequent in women older than 50 years.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose an analytical structure that reconciles elements of agency and context in the analysis of institutional change dynamics, based on the interconnection between the institutional work and gradual institutional change approaches.
Abstract: This essay introduce an analytical structure that seeks reconciling elements of agency and context in the analysis of institutional change dynamics. The framework is based on the interconnection between the institutional work and gradual institutional change approaches. Both were created as alternatives to theoretical perspectives that put too much emphasis on social structure (e.g. path dependence theory) or to human agency (e.g. institutional entrepreneurship). However, despite the analytical gains that both of them have brought to the study of institutional change, they are still strongly tied to the assumptions of the research traditions through which they have emerged. A rapprochement between such theoretical schemes allows greater rigor to investigate processes of institutional change and enables greater awareness of the assumptions inherent to each perspective, as well as it encourages the search for more balanced alternatives for explaining institutional maintenance and change. At the heart of this proposal, there is a search for understanding the dynamics of institutional life. The institutional context exhibits a certain level of institutional plasticity and it can be modified according to the availability of practices, meanings, and resources. Therealization of this potential for change is dependent on institutional actors' reflexivity levels, and their munificence of resources. The practices of institutional creation, maintenance, and disruption in a particular context will, therefore, result from the interaction between the institutional context characteristics (the level of institutional plasticity) and the types of institutional actors (the level of institutional discretion) involved.
TL;DR: Poor oral health condition was identified in young and single males with low schooling, and with consumption of licit and illicit drugs, in rehab of two municipalities of the State of Parana.
Abstract: IntroductionEpidemiological survey of the oral conditions of drug users is an important strategy to know this population, whose growth is increasing in Brazil, so that preventive goals and adequate treatment can be proposed.AimThe aim of this study was to identify the sociodemographic profile and oral health condition of drug users in rehab of two municipalities of the State of Parana.Material and methodOne hundred individuals participated in the study, which data were collected by questionnaire and physical exam. The following values were obtained: DMFT index (decay-missing-filled index), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Data analyses were performed by Student t test and one-way ANOVA.ResultThe mean age of participants was 29.12 years. The major frequencies were: male (95.5%), single (69.0%), lower schooling (41%) and higher consumption of licit drugs tobacco (90.9%) and alcohol (84.5%), followed by crack (80.9%), and marijuana (77.3%). The mean DMFT index was 15.21 (SD=5.84), and the longer the dependence time, the greater this index (p<0.05). Mean PD was 3.55 and mean CAL was 3.59. BOP occurred in 82.7% and 79.5% showed moderate inflammation. Detectable plaque and moderate plaque accumulation were observed in 39.5% and 35.3%, respectively.ConclusionPrevalence was observed in young and single males with low schooling, and with consumption of licit and illicit drugs. Poor oral health condition was identified, which deserves more attention from health professional and policymakers for this population.
01 Sep 2015
TL;DR: This study highlights relevant aspects for teaching Geriatrics and Gerontology at Brazilian medical schools in accordance with current literature on the subject and on dialogues with Geriatrics teachers.
Abstract: This study highlights relevant aspects for teaching Geriatrics and Gerontology at Brazilian medical schools in accordance with current literature on the subject and on dialogues with Geriatrics teachers. We focus on academic insertion of geriatrics and gerontology as a form of gradually bringing schools more in touch with the aging process and its social-medical consequences. We therefore emphasize the use of real interdisciplinary actions that cross through all the years of the medical course and integrate it with other specialties. The expansion and diversification of formal learning scenarios, as well as the concern with teacher training and qualification in this area, have been identified as essential pillars for preparing professionals who can adequately meet the health needs of the elderly population in the coming decades.
01 Sep 2015
TL;DR: AnaliseFatorial (AF) as discussed by the authors is a ferramenta de estudo de matrizes comoesta, condensando dados, with minima perda de informacao, e a variância explicada thisve entre 71,1 e 84,3%, with a retencaode 5 a 6 fatores, por estacao.
Abstract: O reservatorio de Foz do Areia, formado em 1980, localiza-se no rio Iguacue tem finalidade de geracao de energia. A qualidade de suas aguas emonitorada desde 2005, gerando uma extensa matriz de dados. A AnaliseFatorial (AF) e empregada como ferramenta de estudo de matrizes comoesta, condensando dados, com minima perda de informacao. A AF foiaplicada para avaliacao de dados de cinco estacoes de monitoramentono local. A variância explicada esteve entre 71,1 e 84,3%, com a retencaode 5 a 6 fatores, por estacao. Na estacao a montante do reservatorio, oaporte de poluentes foi relacionado a area da bacia de contribuicao, que secaracteriza pela diversidade de usos do solo. Nas estacoes de reservatorio,o fator eutrofizacao foi destacado, evidenciado pela ocorrencia eventualde floracoes, que interferem na qualidade da agua. A estacao a jusante doreservatorio caracterizou‑se por fontes pontuais de poluentes, evidenciandotambem a qualidade da agua restituida.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated a system composed of three natural wetlands and found that the vegetation structure was represented by four species of higher relative cover: Pistia stratiotes L. (water lettuce), Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) Hitchc. (creeping river grass), Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms (water hyacinth) and Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.) Griseb.
Abstract: Phytoremediation is an emerging technology in landfill leachate posttreatment. The evaluation of a system composed of three natural wetlands. The wetlands vegetation cover was monitored during 2 years by estimating the coverage area of the macrophytes. Chemical analyzes of the effluent were conducted monthly. The monitoring and identification of macrophytes indicated that the vegetation structure was represented by four species of higher relative cover: Pistia stratiotes L. (water lettuce), Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) Hitchc. (creeping river grass), Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms (water hyacinth) and Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. The system of natural wetlands had an average efficiency of 75 % for biochemical oxygen demand, 63 % for chemical oxygen demand, 84 % for ammoniacal nitrogen, 89 % for total nitrogen and 70 % for phosphorus. The concentrations of heavy metals in the roots, as well as in the branches of E. crassipes and E. polystachya, lead us to the conclusion that such species perform phytoextraction for Cd and Pb accumulating the metals in the biomass. The results show that this is a viable alternative that can be associated with forms of conventional treatment of leachate, such as the treatment with aerobic and facultative ponds.
TL;DR: In this article, a modelo de seleccion de two etapas was used to evaluate the reputación of empresas in the BM&F Bovespa.
TL;DR: The sampling and extraction were based on the standard method ISO 23611-3/2007 using an adapted split soil corer and wet extraction with and without heat to assess the abundance of enchytraeids in a forest fragment at Embrapa Forestry in Colombo, Paraná State.
Abstract: Enchytraeids are small oligochaetes found worldwide in soils with sufficient moisture and organic matter, but scarcely studied in the Southern hemisphere. This is the third study on enchytraeid abundance in Brazil using wet extraction and the first carried out in Araucaria Mixed Forest (subtropical region). The sampling and extraction were based on the standard method ISO 23611-3/2007 using an adapted split soil corer and wet extraction with and without heat to assess the abundance of enchytraeids in a forest fragment at Embrapa Forestry in Colombo, Parana State. The samplings were performed in 3 occasions between September 2011 and April 2012. The average numbers estimated by each method varied from appr. 2.000-12.000 (cold) and 5.000-12.000 ind./ m2 (hot), respectively, with a maximum of 44.000 ind./ m2 in one of the samples, the highest value reported so far in Brazil. The hot extraction was more advantageous, given the speed and preservation of the specimens in vivo, allowing taxonomic identification. Advantages and disadvantages of wet extractions compared to handsorting and formol methods are also discussed. Guaranidrilus, Hemienchytraeus, Enchytraeus, Fridericia and Achaeta were the genera identified in the samples.
TL;DR: MRI is known to be the most useful imaging approach to identify the intracranial connection of a nasal tumor, but the cost is very high, in this case, Doppler ultrasonography and facial CT helped to exclude hemangioma and the possibility of connection to intrac Cranial extension.
Abstract: dermoid cysts, encephaloceles, and malignant tumors. Imaging studies must be performed before surgery to exclude other diagnoses and determine appropriate surgical margin. Biopsy should be avoided because procedures could result in meningitis. The MRI and CT are useful to exclude encephalocele and other congenital vascular tumors. MRI is known to be the most useful imaging approach to identify the intracranial connection of a nasal tumor, but the cost is very high. In this case, Doppler ultrasonography and facial CT helped to exclude hemangioma and the possibility of connection to intracranial extension. Histologically, nasal glial heterotopia and encephaloceles are characterized by varying proportions of astrocytes and neuroglial fibers associated with fibrous connective tissue. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice in nasal glial heterotopia. A delay in treatment can result in deformation of the septum and nasal bone, or airway obstruction. Recurrence after complete excision is rare.
Proceedings Article•
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TL;DR: Adaptive Structuration Theory and Social Construction of Technology frameworks are applied to expand research on the relationship among organizational users and mandatory IT artifacts beyond the initial process of acceptance to show that if the environment provides flexibility for it, participants refute, adapt replace and complement the artifact.
Abstract: Organizations invest in information technology expecting positive outcomes, but to produce the intended results employees must use the technology. This study applies Adaptive Structuration Theory and Social Construction of Technology frameworks to expand research on the relationship among organizational users and mandatory IT artifacts beyond the initial process of acceptance, which currently constitutes the main paradigm in the IS field. A case study analyzes the mandatory use of an academic portal by lecturers and all the changes that users promote to the artifact and the tasks they perform while using it. Our findings show that if the environment provides flexibility for it, participants refute, adapt replace and complement the artifact that was adopted by the organization, while they appropriate it, in order to improve their efficiency in achieving organizational goals or their own.
TL;DR: Poor agreement was observed in the diagnosis of serrated polyps between the two groups of pathologists, which is essential for the prevention of colorectal cancer.
TL;DR: The incidence, epidemiology, clinical features, death, and vaccination status of patients with whooping cough and genotypic characterization of isolates of B. pertussis identified in the state of Parana, during January 2007 to December 2013 are reported.
Abstract: Objective
Report the incidence, epidemiology, clinical features, death, and vaccination status of patients with whooping cough and perform genotypic characterization of isolates of B. pertussis identified in the state of Parana, during January 2007 to December 2013.
01 Jun 2015
TL;DR: This study points out the discussion about the role of career and vocational guidance in the transition of individuals with ID to professional life, which seems to reflect on the lack of perspectives of autonomy and better conditions at work.
Abstract: Adults with intellectual disability: Conception of disability and career trajectory This study aimed to describe the relationship among school trajectory, career trajectory and the conception of intellectual disability (ID) from workers included in the labor market with this disability. Twenty adult participants (19- 35 years old) with a diagnosis of ID, employees of a supermarket, answered individually a semi-structured interview. The analysis of data was qualitative. The inclusion in work promoted a positive description of themselves, although depreciatory views about disability in general persisted, possibly due to the failure in regular schools, which seems to reflect on the lack of perspectives of autonomy and better conditions at work. This study points out the discussion about the role of career and vocational guidance in the transition of individuals with ID to professional life.