Universidade São Judas Tadeu

About: Universidade São Judas Tadeu is a education organization based out in São Paulo, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Aerobic exercise & Baroreflex. The organization has 736 authors who have published 852 publications receiving 4782 citations.

A Systematised Review of Primary School Whole Class Child Obesity Interventions: Effectiveness, Characteristics, and Strategies

Abstract: Background. A systematised review was conducted to examine the effectiveness of school-based interventions that focus on changing dietary intake and physical activity levels to reduce childhood obesity. Methods. Multiple databases were searched for randomised and nonrandomised interventions from 2007 to 2016 in full-time elementary schools, which were delivered to the whole class, included dietary and physical activity components, involved both sexes, were written in English, and used body mass index (BMI) as an outcome. Results. The database search produced 8,866 titles from which 78 were deemed relevant and assessed for inclusion resulting in 15 studies meeting all inclusion criteria. From these 15 studies, 9 yielded a reduction or stabilisation in BMI or BMI z-score in the entire intervention group and/or subgroups. Programmes lasting between 6 and 12 months that involve multiple environmental, educational, and physical strategies appear to be most likely to result in BMI or BMI z-score improvement. Moderators most likely influencing an improvement in BMI included increased physical activity, decreased sugar sweetened beverages intake, and increased fruit intake. Conclusions. School-based interventions may be an effective means for child obesity prevention. The identification of consistent elements used in school-based interventions that have demonstrated effectiveness may aid in preventing child obesity.

NN→NNπ+reaction near threshold in a chiral power counting approach

Abstract: Power-counting arguments are used to organize the interactions contributing to the $N\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{N}d\ensuremath{\pi},pn\ensuremath{\pi}$ reactions near threshold. We estimate the contributions from the three formally leading mechanisms: the Weinberg-Tomozawa (WT) term, the impulse term, and the \ensuremath{\Delta}-excitation mechanism. Subleading but potentially large mechanisms, including S-wave pion rescattering, the Galilean correction to the WT term, and short-ranged contributions are also examined. The WT term is shown to be numerically the largest, and the other contributions are found to approximately cancel. Similarly to the reaction $p\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{p}\mathrm{pp}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0},$ the computed cross sections are considerably smaller than the data. We discuss possible origins of this discrepancy.

Alignment with non-overlapping inversions in O ( n 3 )-time

Abstract: Alignments of sequences are widely used for biological sequence comparisons. Only biological events like mutations, insertions and deletions are usually modeled and other biological events like inversions are not automatically detected by the usual alignment algorithms. Alignment with inversions does not have a known polynomial algorithm and a simplification to the problem that considers only non-overlapping inversions were proposed by Schoniger and Waterman [20] in 1992 as well as a corresponding O(n6) solution. An improvement to an algorithm with O(n3 logn)-time complexity was announced in an extended abstract [1] and, in this present paper, we give an algorithm that solves this simplified problem in O(n3)-time and O(n2)-space in the more general framework of an edit graph. Inversions have recently [4,7,13,17] been discovered to be very important in Comparative Genomics and Scherer et al. in 2005 [11] experimentally verified inversions that were found to be polymorphic in the human genome. Moreover, 10% of the 1,576 putative inversions reported overlap RefSeq genes in the human genome. We believe our new algorithms may open the possibility to more detailed studies of inversions on DNA sequences using exact optimization algorithms and we hope this may be particularly interesting if applied to regions around known rearrangements boundaries. Scherer report 29 such cases and prioritize them as candidates for biological and evolutionary studies.

Uma revisão das ações de nutrição e do papel do nutricionista em creches

Abstract: As creches sao uma realidade na vida de grande parcela das criancas brasileiras em idade pre-escolar, sendo que nelas permanecem por um longo periodo. A demanda por esse servico tende a aumentar com a participacao cada vez mais ativa da mulher no mercado de trabalho. Assim o objetivo desse estudo foi revisar a literatura publicada a partir de 1998, disponivel nas bases de dados MedLine, SciELO, Lilacs e Science Direct. Foram selecionados artigos de estudos experimentais, revisao bibliografica, livros, teses e boletins de comites de saude, sobre as acoes desenvolvidas em creches no contexto atual das criancas brasileiras e sobre a atuacao do nutricionista nesta instituicao. A pesquisa revelou a dualidade vivida pelos educadores entre o cuidar e o educar. Destaca a importância da instituicao na formacao de habitos alimentares e discute a necessidade de aprofundamento nas questoes ligadas a educacao alimentar, no sentido de proporcionar a crianca o conhecimento e a autonomia na escolha de alimentos. Entre as principais carencias nutricionais apresentadas pelas criancas frequentadoras de creches publicas destaca-se a anemia ferropriva, sendo que a alimentacao oferecida nas creches tem mostrado deficiencias de calcio, ferro, vitamina A, fibras e energia. Finalmente, apresenta os principais desafios do nutricionista neste segmento e a necessidade de sua constante atualizacao sobre o quadro epidemiologico da nutricao para as faixas etarias que atende, bem como as prioridades estabelecidas pela Politica Nacional de Alimentacao e Nutricao vigente e normas emitidas pelos orgaos de referencia para esta area. Ao nutricionista cabe considerar, alem das necessidades nutricionais da crianca, o vies educativo e de formacao de habitos alimentares.

Decaffeinated green tea extract rich in epigallocatechin-3-gallate improves insulin resistance and metabolic profiles in normolipidic diet—but not high-fat diet-fed mice

Abstract: Supplementation with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which restores metabolic profiles, has been proposed as an option for preventing and treating obesity. We investigated whether decaffeinated green tea extract rich in EGCG, attenuates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic alterations in Swiss mice. The mice were maintained on either a control diet (CD) or HFD for 8 weeks and supplemented with either a placebo or EGCG (50 mg/kg/day). Body weight, serum lipid profiles, cytokine protein expression, and content in epididymal (EPI) and retroperitoneal (RET) adipose tissues, and adipocyte area were measured. The body weights of HFD + placebo-fed mice were increased compared with those of HFD + EGCG-fed mice (28 and 21%, respectively), whereas the body weights of CD + EGCG-fed mice were decreased 16% compared with those of the CD + placebo group. Serum triglyceride levels were decreased 32% in the CD + EGCG group compared with the CD + placebo group. Compared with the CD + placebo group, increased phosphorylation of AMPK and hormone-sensitive lipase in EPI and RET, respectively, was found in the CD + EGCG group. Increased acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation was observed in both adipose tissues. In addition, TNF-α and IL-10 levels in EPI and adiponectin levels were higher in the CD + EGCG group than in the CD + placebo group. TNF-α levels were lower in the HFD + EGCG group than in the HFD + placebo group. Furthermore, the CD + EGCG group exhibited a lower adipocyte area than the CD + placebo group. These indicate that the effects of decaffeinated green tea extract on body mass may be related to the crosstalk between lipolytic and inflammatory pathways in normolipidic diet-fed mice but not in HFD-fed mice.