Institution
Université de Montréal
Education•Montreal, Quebec, Canada•
About: Université de Montréal is a education organization based out in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 45641 authors who have published 100476 publications receiving 4004007 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Montreal & UdeM.
Topics: Population, Poison control, Health care, Receptor, Prostate cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide and can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.
Abstract: Objectives To use the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to describe patterns of suicide mortality globally, regionally, and for 195 countries and territories by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index, and to describe temporal trends between 1990 and 2016. Design Systematic analysis. Main outcome measures Crude and age standardised rates from suicide mortality and years of life lost were compared across regions and countries, and by age, sex, and Socio-demographic index (a composite measure of fertility, income, and education). Results The total number of deaths from suicide increased by 6.7% (95% uncertainty interval 0.4% to 15.6%) globally over the 27 year study period to 817 000 (762 000 to 884 000) deaths in 2016. However, the age standardised mortality rate for suicide decreased by 32.7% (27.2% to 36.6%) worldwide between 1990 and 2016, similar to the decline in the global age standardised mortality rate of 30.6%. Suicide was the leading cause of age standardised years of life lost in the Global Burden of Disease region of high income Asia Pacific and was among the top 10 leading causes in eastern Europe, central Europe, western Europe, central Asia, Australasia, southern Latin America, and high income North America. Rates for men were higher than for women across regions, countries, and age groups, except for the 15 to 19 age group. There was variation in the female to male ratio, with higher ratios at lower levels of Socio-demographic index. Women experienced greater decreases in mortality rates (49.0%, 95% uncertainty interval 42.6% to 54.6%) than men (23.8%, 15.6% to 32.7%). Conclusions Age standardised mortality rates for suicide have greatly reduced since 1990, but suicide remains an important contributor to mortality worldwide. Suicide mortality was variable across locations, between sexes, and between age groups. Suicide prevention strategies can be targeted towards vulnerable populations if they are informed by variations in mortality rates.
472 citations
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TL;DR: The findings support the long-term safety and efficacy of IA steroid injections for patients with symptomatic knee OA with repeated steroid injections, which appears to be clinically effective for the relief of symptoms of the disease.
Abstract: Objective
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of long-term intraarticular (IA) steroid injections for knee pain related to osteoarthritis (OA)
Methods
In a randomized, double-blind trial, 68 patients with OA of the knee received IA injections of triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg (34 patients) or saline (34 patients) into the study knee every 3 months for up to 2 years The primary outcome variable was radiologic progression of joint space narrowing of the injected knee after 2 years Measurements of minimum joint space width were performed by an automated computerized method on standardized fluoroscopically guided radiographs taken with the patient standing and with the knee in a semiflexed position The clinical efficacy measure of primary interest was the pain subscale from the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index (WOMAC) Efficacy measures of secondary interest were the total score on the WOMAC, physician's global assessment, patient's global assessment, patient's assessment of pain, range of motion (ROM) of the affected knee, and 50-foot walking time Clinical symptoms were assessed just before each injection
Results
At the 1-year and 2-year followup evaluations, no difference was noted between the two treatment groups with respect to loss of joint space over time The steroid-injected knees showed a trend toward greater symptom improvement, especially at 1 year, for the WOMAC pain subscale, night pain, and ROM values (P = 005) compared with the saline-injected knees Using area under the curve analyses, knee pain and stiffness were significantly improved throughout the 2-year study by repeated injections of triamcinolone acetonide, but not saline (P < 005)
Conclusion
Our findings support the long-term safety of IA steroid injections for patients with symptomatic knee OA No deleterious effects of the long-term administration of IA steroids on the anatomical structure of the knee were noted Moreover, long-term treatment of knee OA with repeated steroid injections appears to be clinically effective for the relief of symptoms of the disease
471 citations
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TL;DR: Results are consistent with a successive-stage model of pain perception (e.g. Wade JB, Dougherty LM, Archer CR, Price DD) which provides a conceptual framework necessary to study the cerebral representation ofPain perception.
Abstract: Understanding the complex nature of pain perception requires the ability to separately analyze its psychological dimensions and their interaction, and relate them to specific variables and responses. The present study, therefore, attempted to selectively modulate the sensory and affective dimensions of pain, using a cognitive intervention, and to assess the possible relationship between these psychological dimensions of pain and changes in physiological responses to the noxious stimuli. In three experiments, normal subjects trained in hypnosis rated pain intensity and pain unpleasantness produced by a tonic heat-pain stimulus (1-min immersion of the hand in 45.0-47.5 degrees C water). Two experiments were designed to test hypnotic suggestions to decrease (Experiment one (Section 2.5.1)), or increase and decrease (Experiment two (Section 2.5.2)) pain affect. Suggestions in Experiment three (Section 2.5.3) were directed towards an increase or decrease in pain sensation. In Experiments one and two (Sections 2.5.1 and 2.5.2), the significant modulation in pain unpleasantness ratings was largely independent of variations in perceived pain intensity. Moreover, in Experiment two (Section 2.5.2), there was a significant correlation between the stimulus-evoked heart-rate increase and ratings of pain unpleasantness, but not of pain intensity, suggesting a direct functional interaction between pain affect and autonomic activation. In Experiment three (Section 2.5.3), suggestions to modulate the sensory aspect of pain produced significant modulation of pain intensity ratings, with secondary changes in pain unpleasantness ratings. Hypnotic susceptibility (Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale form A) was specifically correlated to pain unpleasantness modulation in Experiment two (Section 2.5.2) and to pain intensity modulation in Experiment three (Section 2.5.3), suggesting that this factor relates to the primary process toward which hypnotic suggestions are directed. The specific pain dimension on which hypnotic suggestions act depends on the content of the instructions and is not a characteristic of hypnosis itself. Results are consistent with a successive-stage model of pain perception (e.g. Wade JB, Dougherty LM, Archer CR, Price DD. Assessing the stages of pain processing: a multivariate analytical approach. Pain 1996;68:157-167) which provides a conceptual framework necessary to study the cerebral representation of pain perception.
471 citations
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TL;DR: An mRNA decay mechanism that involves Stau1, the NMD factor Upf1, and a termination codon is described, suggesting that Arf1 mRNA is a natural target for Stau2-mediated decay, and data indicate that other mRNAs are also natural targets.
471 citations
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University of California, San Francisco1, Harvard University2, Université de Montréal3, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine4, Yale University5, University of Toronto6, University of Utah7, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory8, Utrecht University9, University of Cape Town10, Massachusetts Institute of Technology11
TL;DR: It is confirmed that psychiatric comorbidities are common among individuals with TS, demonstrates that most comor bidities begin early in life, and indicates that certain comorbiities may be mediated by the presence of comorbrid OCD or ADHD.
Abstract: Importance: Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by high rates of psychiatric comorbidity; however, fewstudies have fully characterized these comorbidities. Furthermore, most studies have included relatively fewparticipants (< 200), and none has examined the ages of highest risk for each TS-associated comorbidity or their etiologic relationship to TS.Objective: To characterize the lifetime prevalence, clinical associations, ages of highest risk, and etiology of psychiatric comorbidity among individuals with TS.Design, Setting, And Participants: Cross-sectional structured diagnostic interviews conducted between April 1, 1992, and December 31, 2008, of participants with TS (n = 1374) and TS-unaffected family members (n = 1142).Main Outcomes And Measures: Lifetime prevalence of comorbid DSM-IV-TR disorders, their heritabilities, ages of maximal risk, and associations with symptom severity, age at onset, and parental psychiatric history.Results: The lifetime prevalence of any psychiatric comorbidity among individuals with TS was 85.7%; 57.7%of the population had 2 or more psychiatric disorders. The mean (SD) number of lifetime comorbid diagnoses was 2.1 (1.6); the mean number was 0.9 (1.3) when obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were excluded, and 72.1% of the individuals met the criteria for OCD or ADHD. Other disorders, including mood, anxiety, and disruptive behavior, each occurred in approximately 30% of the participants. The age of greatest risk for the onset of most comorbid psychiatric disorders was between 4 and 10 years, with the exception of eating and substance use disorders, which began in adolescence (interquartile range, 15-19 years for both). Tourette syndrome was associated with increased risk of anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 1.4; 95%CI, 1.0-1.9; P = .04) and decreased risk of substance use disorders (OR, 0.6; 95%CI, 0.3-0.9; P = .02) independent from comorbid OCD and ADHD; however, high rates of mood disorders among participants with TS (29.8%)may be accounted for by comorbid OCD (OR, 3.7; 95%CI, 2.9-4.8; P < .001). Parental history of ADHD was associated with a higher burden of non-OCD, non-ADHD comorbid psychiatric disorders (OR, 1.86; 95%CI, 1.32-2.61; P < .001). Genetic correlations between TS and mood (RhoG, 0.47), anxiety (RhoG, 0.35), and disruptive behavior disorders (RhoG, 0.48), may be accounted for by ADHD and, for mood disorders, by OCD.Conclusions And Relevance: This study is, to our knowledge, the most comprehensive of its kind. It confirms the belief that psychiatric comorbidities are common among individuals with TS, demonstrates that most comorbidities begin early in life, and indicates that certain comorbiditiesmay be mediated by the presence of comorbid OCD or ADHD. In addition, genetic analyses suggest that some comorbiditiesmay be more biologically related to OCD and/or ADHD rather than to TS.
471 citations
Authors
Showing all 45957 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Yoshua Bengio | 202 | 1033 | 420313 |
Alan C. Evans | 183 | 866 | 134642 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
Anders Björklund | 165 | 769 | 84268 |
Charles N. Serhan | 158 | 728 | 84810 |
Fernando Rivadeneira | 146 | 628 | 86582 |
C. Dallapiccola | 136 | 1717 | 101947 |
Michael J. Meaney | 136 | 604 | 81128 |
Claude Leroy | 135 | 1170 | 88604 |
Georges Azuelos | 134 | 1294 | 90690 |
Phillip Gutierrez | 133 | 1391 | 96205 |
Danny Miller | 133 | 512 | 71238 |
Henry T. Lynch | 133 | 925 | 86270 |
Stanley Nattel | 132 | 778 | 65700 |
Lucie Gauthier | 132 | 679 | 64794 |