Showing papers by "Université du Québec à Montréal published in 1984"

Theories of Organizational Culture

Abstract: The notion that organizations may have specific cultures is found sprinkled in a vast array of publications on strategy and business policy, on organizational behaviour and theory. Although the absence of a solid theoretical grounding for the concept of organizational culture has been frequently lamented, little effort has been exerted to bring within the perimeter of the management and organizational field the relevant concepts found in cultural anthropology.The purpose of this paper is therefore three-fold:First, to provide a typology of schools of thought in cultural anthropology in order to understand the diverse and complex theories of culture advanced in this field; Second, to relate these different points of view to the emerging notions of organiza tional culture found explicitly or implicitly in the management and organization literature;Third, to pull together the insights and findings derived from this enquiry in order to propose an integrative concept of organizational culture as a useful metap...

Two exact algorithms for the distance‐constrained vehicle routing problem

Abstract: This paper considers a version of the vehicle routing problem in which all vehicles are identical and where the distance travelled by any vehicle may not exceed A prespecified upper bound. The problem is first formulated as an integer program which is solved by means of a constraint relaxation procedure. Two exact algorithms are developed: one based on Gomory cutting planes and one on branch and bound. Numerical results are reported. (Author/TRRL)

The concept of local development: a stages model of endogenous regional growth*

Abstract: The concept of local development is defined as a particular form of regional development, one in which endogenous factors occupy a central position A stages model of local development is proposed: 1) the emergence of local entrepreneurship; 2) the “take off” of local enterprises; 3) the expansion of these enterprises beyond the local region; and 4) the achievement of a regional economic structure that is based upon local initiatives and locally created comparative advantages The theoretical and empirical foundations of this model are examined, with particular emphasis upon the roles of the entrepreneur and of human capital in the process of economic growth, and upon the spatial effects of the expansion of the firm

Energy state of spring and winter wheat during cold hardening. Soluble sugars and adenine nucleotides

Abstract: Marked increases were found in the content of total soluble sugars, reducing sugars and ATP in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Frederick) during cold hardening. The changes in soluble sugars and ATP of spring wheat (T. aestivum L. cv. Glenlea) grown under similar conditions were less pronounced. The increase in ATP content during hardening of winter wheat was not associated with significant changes in the content of ADP or AMP. The adenylate energy charge did not change during hardening in either cultivar, but it was higher in the winter cultivar under both growth conditions. This difference could be related to the cold hardiness capacity of winter wheat.

Film and Text: Order Effects in Recall and Social Inferences.

Abstract: This article compares film and text with regard to effects produced by the order in which conflicting information is presented. Film is more influential and better recalled than conflicting text information, regardless of the order in which media appear. Conflicting paragraphs produce a primacy effect, whereas analogous film segments produce no order effect. Results are interpreted in terms of differences between visual and verbal encoding and between episodic and semantic memory.

Essai ďApplication de ľAnalyse Phénétique à la Classification du Phylum des Ciliophora

Abstract: Les relations de similarite ont ete calculees par analyse phenetique entre 59 genres et especes en considerant 122 caracteres ultrastructuraux, morphologiques, stonatogenetiques, nucleaires ou de reproduction asexuee. Sur la base des resultats obtenus une nouvelle classification peut etre avancee. Trois subphylums sont discernables: Karyorelictophora; Kinetophragminophora et Hymenophora avec respectivement 1 classe (Karyorelictea) 4 classes (Colpodea, Hypostomea, Spirotrichea et Hymerostomea) et 2 classes (Phyllopharyngea, Gymnostomea)

Social organization of small heterosexual groups of Green swordtails (Xiphophorus helleri, Pisces, Poeciliidae) under conditions of captivity

Abstract: Sixteen populations, each of four male and four female green 'swordtail fish, were ob­served in 54 litre tanks separated into two unequal volumes by a partition allowing swim­ming from one area to another only at the surface. Each population was observed on 2 4 occasions, making a combined total of 50 observation periods of 2 hours each. Chase right orders, spatial positions as well as several agonistic and epigamic behaviour units were noted during each period of observation. Males and females apparently form distinct hierarchies which are perfectly linear and transitive in 68% and 42% of the cases respec­tively. Some dominance structures are incomplete, but no intransitivity is noted. Alpha males are much more aggressive than their isosexual subordinates. In females, the fre­quency of aggressive behaviour appears to be more proportional to the social rank of the initiator, but the number of chases received from other females is the best indicator of rank in the female hierarchies. Alpha males are responsible for 80% of all sexual activity and have privilege to behaviour leading to insemination with a high probability in 85 % of the cases. Females are not courted according to their position in the female hierarchy, nor to their size. In the two compartment situation of the present study, which allowed spacing out and visual isolation of the individuals, the alpha males occupied the larger area of the aquarium in the company of the four females while the three subordinate males were restricted to the smaller area, unaccompanied by any females. This spacing out pat­tern emerged with neat regularity from the data and was apparently caused and main­tained by aggressive behaviour, especially by charges, initiated by the alpha male toward male rivals. However, it is not evident that the behaviour of the alpha male should be neatly qualified as territorial defence, since specific area linked dominance was never realized in the present study. The social scheme most readily applicable to the present social and spatial organization is the "one male to several females" system or monar­chistic male hierarchy, in which one male becomes very dominant over the others, oc­cupies the larger area and is also the sole individual to court the females and to attempt in­semination (haremic). These results support the sociobiological theorem that to dominate is to have priority of access to the necessities of life and reproduction.

Isotopic analyses (18O, 13C, 14C) of two meromictic lakes in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago1

Abstract: Meromictic Lakes Garrow and Sophia in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago were sampled to establish the origin and age of their waters by isotopic studies. The ?&,OW*8O values reflect the permanent stratification of the waters in both lakes. The mixolimnia contain waters with an isotopic signal between - 13.16 and - 2 1.98o/oo, coherent with the values for precipitation in these high latitudes. The short residence time of the water in this layer makes it possible to record episodic variations of the freshwater inputs to the lakes. In the chemoclines, the Al80 values increase to - 10% concomitantly with a rise in chloride content to 42 g-liter-‘. This corresponds to a conservative mixing of surficial and deep waters. In the monimolimnia, hypersaline waters (up to 2.5 times the salinity of seawater) show negative 6180 values (ca. - 8%~). These waters result from brine production during permafrost growth in the watershed, according to a Rayleigh process. The brines drained toward the deepest part of each lake, after postglacial uplift, and became isolated. 14C dating of total inorganic carbon in the Lake Garrow monimolimnion gave an age of 2,580 + 260 years B.P. In Lake Sophia, the deep waters exhibit recent 14C activity (12 1.4% modern carbon) that suggests recent infiltration of seawater into the lake basin.

Glacial and nonglacial sediments of Matuyama paleomagnetic age on Banks Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago

Abstract: Preliminary paleomagnetic investigations of unconsolidated sediments from Duck Hawk Bluffs on Banks Island, in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, have defined magnetite-residing magnetizations that exhibit systematic polarity correlations between temporally equivalent units from spatially separate stratigraphic sections. The preglacial Worth Point Formation sediments and overlying Duck Hawk Bluff Formation sediments (including marine and glacial deposits laid down during the Banks Glaciation) have magnetically reversed directions and therefore are probably of Matuyama age (<730 Ka). Deposits of the younger Morgan Bluffs and Cape Collinson interglacials and Thomsen and Amundsen glaciations are normally magnetized and therefore of Brunhes age (<730 Ka). These sesults provide the first minimum-age estimate for the Worth Point Formation organic deposits and for the Banks Glaciation, the oldest and strongest glaciation recorded in the western Arctic. The new time framework will facilitate correlations with terrestrial sequences of Beringia and early Pleistocene Arctic Ocean sediments.

Playable asymptotic observers for differential games with incomplete information - The user's guide

Abstract: Applying a Liapunov type technique and the nonlinear asymptotic observer theory, models are constructed to provide state information for feedback strategies in a two-player competitive differential game. The state reconstruction is of prescribed accuracy and obtained after a prescribed time interval. The models allow to attain the standard objectives: playability for collision with a target and minimax with respect to a given cost functional. The results obtained represent a general approach of introducing an asymptotic observer into a game theoretic framework for the practical case of incomplete state information.

Ranking the Cuts and Cut-Sets of a Network

Abstract: Given a graph G=(V,A) a cut is a set (X, ) of arcs with starting point in X and terminal point in x for all (x,y)∈(X, ). A cut-set is a cut which does not include another cut. We discuss the problem of ranking cuts and cut-sets in G, i.e., the problem of finding the K best cuts and cut-sets, where the values of the cuts are elements of a totally ordered semigroup. We present an O(K,n4) algorithm for ranking the cuts and a O(mk-1.n3) algorithm for ranking the cut-sets.

Response of caudal neurosecretory cells of Salvelinus fontinalis to variations in the ionic composition of the environment

Abstract: The response of caudal neurosecretory cells in Salvelinus fontinalis to exposure to media in which one ion (Na, K, Mg, Ca and Cl) was either selectively enriched or depleted was evaluated by morphometric criteria. Morphological changes indicating stimulation of synthetic activity were observed: exposure to sea water with low potassium concentration was the most efficacious in inducing the increase in the average diameter of caudal cells and the number of nucleoli for both cells with lobed and with nonlobed nuclei. The proportion of cells with lobed nuclei was also increased. To a lesser degree and in decreasing order, experimental milieu with modified magnesium contents, either fresh water enriched in this ion or seawater depleted of the same ion, and fresh water enriched in calcium also resulted in significant increases in cell diameter and the number of nucleoli. The two cytological cell types, viz cells with non-lobed nuclei or cells with lobed nuclei, are interpreted as being linked to different levels of neurosecretory activity.

Canada: How Many Glaciations?

Abstract: Editor's note: The first President's Symposium was held during the cag annual meeting at the University of Winnipeg in 1983. The idea was to air some broad and invigorating topic to which invited specialists from across the country could contribute under presidential direction. The inaugural topic selected by the president, Professor D.C. Ford, was ‘Canada: how many glaciations?’ The specialist contributors certainly learned a great deal, and the symposium was well received by the general membership whom the specialists wished to interest. This article consists of a summary of the presentations made by the various contributors and a concluding polemic.

Recettes Pour La Femme Idèale: Femmes/Famille et Education dans deux journaux libéraux: Le Canada et La Patrie (1900-1920)

Abstract: Avec le debut du XXe siecle, l'usage des pages feminines dans les journaux se generalise. A l'instar des revues feminines qui surgissent a cette meme epoque, leur ton est tres conservateur. Un examen des pages feminines de deux quotidiens dits "liberaux" revele que le "liberalisme" n'atteint pas la sphere feminine et que leurs pages feminines-adoptent un ton moralisateuret traditionnel. Si les opinions sont un peu plus audacieuses pour tout ce qui concerne l'education et le travail remunere, il n'en est pas de meme pour les opinions sur la famille, caracterisees par un conservatisme tenace.

Use of the lower critical solution temperature for the characterization of polymer mixtures and the study of their compatibility: Application to polyethylenes, polypropylene, and their copolymers

Abstract: Systemes binaires: copolymere ethylene-propene+pentane (dimethyl-2,4). Systemes ternaires: un polymere et deux solvants (PIB+heptane+dimethylpentane); deux polymeres et un solvant (PE+PP+dimethylpentane, PE+copolymere ethylene-propene+dimethylpentane, PP+copolymere ethylene-propene+dimethylpentane)