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Institution

Université libre de Bruxelles

EducationBrussels, Belgium
About: Université libre de Bruxelles is a education organization based out in Brussels, Belgium. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Breast cancer. The organization has 24974 authors who have published 56969 publications receiving 2084303 citations. The organization is also known as: ULB.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings provide a set of 11 relevant clinical variables associated with treatment resistance in major depressive disorder that can be explored at the clinical level and show that comorbid anxiety disorder is the most powerful clinical factor associated with TRD.
Abstract: Objectives Very few studies have investigated clinical features associated with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) defined as failure of at least 2 consecutive antidepressant trials. The primary objective of this multicenter study was to identify specific clinical and demographic factors associated with TRD in a large sample of patients with major depressive episodes that failed to reach response or remission after at least 2 consecutive adequate antidepressant treatments. Method A total of 702 patients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder, recruited from January 2000 to February 2004, were included in the analysis. Among them, 346 patients were considered as nonresistant. The remaining 356 patients were considered as resistant, with a 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score remaining greater than or equal to 17 after 2 consecutive adequate antidepressant trials. Cox regression models were used to examine the association between individual clinical variables and TRD. Results Among the clinical features investigated, 11 variables were found to be associated with TRD. We found anxiety comorbidity (p 1 (p = .003, OR = 1.6), recurrent episodes (p = .009, OR = 1.5), early age at onset (p = .009, OR = 2.0), and nonresponse to the first antidepressant received lifetime (p = .019, OR = 1.6) to be the factors associated with TRD. Conclusions Our findings provide a set of 11 relevant clinical variables associated with treatment resistance in major depressive disorder that can be explored at the clinical level. The statistical model used in this analysis allowed for a hierarchy of these variables (based on the OR) showing that comorbid anxiety disorder is the most powerful clinical factor associated with TRD.

436 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Current hypotheses regarding the biological roles of these evolutionarily successful small operons are discussed and the various selective forces that could drive the maintenance of TA systems in bacterial genomes are considered.
Abstract: Bacterial toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems are diverse and widespread in the prokaryotic kingdom. They are composed of closely linked genes encoding a stable toxin that can harm the host cell and its cognate labile antitoxin, which protects the host from the toxin's deleterious effect. TA systems are thought to invade bacterial genomes through horizontal gene transfer. Some TA systems might behave as selfish elements and favour their own maintenance at the expense of their host. As a consequence, they may contribute to the maintenance of plasmids or genomic islands, such as super-integrons, by post-segregational killing of the cell that loses these genes and so suffers the stable toxin's destructive effect. The function of the chromosomally encoded TA systems is less clear and still open to debate. This Review discusses current hypotheses regarding the biological roles of these evolutionarily successful small operons. We consider the various selective forces that could drive the maintenance of TA systems in bacterial genomes.

434 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors divide the contents of all PTAs involving the EC and the US currently notified to the WTO, into 14 'WTO+' and 38 ''WTO-X'' areas, where WTO+ provisions come under the current mandate of the WTO and WTO-X provisions deal with issues lying outside the current WTO mandate.
Abstract: It is often alleged that PTAs involving the EC and the US include a significant number of obligations in areas not currently covered by the WTO Agreement, such as investment protection, competition policy, labour standards and environmental protection. The primary purpose of this study is to highlight the extent to which these claims are true. The study divides the contents of all PTAs involving the EC and the US currently notified to the WTO, into 14 'WTO+' and 38 'WTO-X' areas, where WTO+ provisions come under the current mandate of the WTO, and WTO-X provisions deal with issues lying outside the current WTO mandate. As a second step, the legal enforceability of each obligation is evaluated, and judged on the extent to which the text specifies clear obligations. Among the findings are: (i) EC agreements contain almost four times as many instances of WTO-X provisions as do US agreements; (ii) but EC agreements evidence a very significant amount of 'legal inflation' (i.e. non-legally enforceable provisions) in the WTO-X category, and US agreements actually contain more enforceable WTO-X provisions than do the EC agreements; (iii) US agreements tend to emphasise regulatory areas more compared to EC agreements. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

434 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The primary clinical applications identified were: differential diagnosis of neoplastic plasma cell disorders from reactive plasmacytosis; identifying risk of progression in patients with MGUS and detecting minimal residual disease.
Abstract: The European Myeloma Network (EMN) organized two flow cytometry workshops. The first aimed to identify specific indications for flow cytometry in patients with monoclonal gammopathies, and consensus technical approaches through a questionnaire-based review of current practice in participating laboratories. The second aimed to resolve outstanding technical issues and develop a consensus approach to analysis of plasma cells. The primary clinical applications identified were: differential diagnosis of neoplastic plasma cell disorders from reactive plasmacytosis; identifying risk of progression in patients with MGUS and detecting minimal residual disease. A range of technical recommendations were identified, including: 1) CD38, CD138 and CD45 should all be included in at least one tube for plasma cell identification and enumeration. The primary gate should be based on CD38 vs. CD138 expression; 2) after treatment, clonality assessment is only likely to be informative when combined with immunophenotype to detect abnormal cells. Flow cytometry is suitable for demonstrating a stringent complete remission; 3) for detection of abnormal plasma cells, a minimal panel should include CD19 and CD56. A preferred panel would also include CD20, CD117, CD28 and CD27; 4) discrepancies between the percentage of plasma cells detected by flow cytometry and morphology are primarily related to sample quality and it is, therefore, important to determine that marrow elements are present in follow-up samples, particularly normal plasma cells in MRD negative cases.

434 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a high-resolution and physically based description of Antarctica bed topography using mass conservation is presented, revealing previously unknown basal features with major implications for glacier response to climate change.
Abstract: The Antarctic ice sheet has been losing mass over past decades through the accelerated flow of its glaciers, conditioned by ocean temperature and bed topography. Glaciers retreating along retrograde slopes (that is, the bed elevation drops in the inland direction) are potentially unstable, while subglacial ridges slow down the glacial retreat. Despite major advances in the mapping of subglacial bed topography, significant sectors of Antarctica remain poorly resolved and critical spatial details are missing. Here we present a novel, high-resolution and physically based description of Antarctic bed topography using mass conservation. Our results reveal previously unknown basal features with major implications for glacier response to climate change. For example, glaciers flowing across the Transantarctic Mountains are protected by broad, stabilizing ridges. Conversely, in the marine basin of Wilkes Land, East Antarctica, we find retrograde slopes along Ninnis and Denman glaciers, with stabilizing slopes beneath Moscow University, Totten and Lambert glacier system, despite corrections in bed elevation of up to 1 km for the latter. This transformative description of bed topography redefines the high- and lower-risk sectors for rapid sea level rise from Antarctica; it will also significantly impact model projections of sea level rise from Antarctica in the coming centuries.

433 citations


Authors

Showing all 25206 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Karl J. Friston2171267217169
Yi Chen2174342293080
David Miller2032573204840
Jing Wang1844046202769
H. S. Chen1792401178529
Jie Zhang1784857221720
Jasvinder A. Singh1762382223370
D. M. Strom1763167194314
J. N. Butler1722525175561
Andrea Bocci1722402176461
Bradley Cox1692150156200
Marc Weber1672716153502
Hongfang Liu1662356156290
Guenakh Mitselmakher1651951164435
Yang Yang1642704144071
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023119
2022411
20213,194
20203,051
20192,751
20182,609