Institution
Université libre de Bruxelles
Education•Brussels, Belgium•
About: Université libre de Bruxelles is a education organization based out in Brussels, Belgium. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Breast cancer. The organization has 24974 authors who have published 56969 publications receiving 2084303 citations. The organization is also known as: ULB.
Topics: Population, Breast cancer, Context (language use), Receptor, Cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: A baseline to monitor efforts to reduce antimicrobial use is provided and three global policies might curb antimicrobial consumption in food animal production are assessed: enforcing global regulations to cap antimicrobials use, adherence to nutritional guidelines leading to reduced meat consumption, and imposing a global user fee on veterinary antimicrobialUse.
Abstract: The large and expanding use of antimicrobials in livestock, a consequence of growing global demand for animal protein, is of considerable concern in light of the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Use of antimicrobials in animals has been linked to drug-resistant infections in animals ( 1 ) and humans ( 2 ). In September 2016, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly recognized the inappropriate use of antimicrobials in animals as a leading cause of rising AMR. In September 2018, the interagency group established by the UN Secretary General will report on progress in the global response to AMR, including antimicrobial consumption in animals. We provide a baseline to monitor efforts to reduce antimicrobial use and assess how three global policies might curb antimicrobial consumption in food animal production: (i) enforcing global regulations to cap antimicrobial use, (ii) adherence to nutritional guidelines leading to reduced meat consumption, and (iii) imposing a global user fee on veterinary antimicrobial use.
397 citations
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TL;DR: Coe and Helpman as discussed by the authors re-examine two features of their econometric model and suggest an alternative weighting scheme that is theoretically much less biased and yields somewhat better empirical results, and generalise their empirical framework by analysing how the output elasticity of foreign R&D depends on a country's openness to trade.
396 citations
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TL;DR: It is proposed that translational control couples insulin synthesis with folding capacity to maintain ER integrity and that this signal is essential to prevent diet-induced type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: Type 2 diabetes is a disorder of hyperglycemia resulting from failure of beta cells to produce adequate insulin to accommodate an increased metabolic demand. Here we show that regulation of mRNA translation through phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) is essential to preserve the integrity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and to increase insulin production to meet the demand imposed by a high-fat diet. Accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER activates phosphorylation of eIF2α at Ser51 and inhibits translation. To elucidate the role of this pathway in beta-cell function we studied glucose homeostasis in Eif2s1tm1Rjk mutant mice, which have an alanine substitution at Ser51. Heterozygous (Eif2s1+/tm1Rjk) mice became obese and diabetic on a high-fat diet. Profound glucose intolerance resulted from reduced insulin secretion accompanied by abnormal distension of the ER lumen, defective trafficking of proinsulin, and a reduced number of insulin granules in beta cells. We propose that translational control couples insulin synthesis with folding capacity to maintain ER integrity and that this signal is essential to prevent diet-induced type 2 diabetes.
395 citations
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01 Aug 1985-International Journal of Human-computer Studies \/ International Journal of Man-machine Studies
TL;DR: It is shown that knowledge spaces are in a one-to-one correspondence with AND/OR graphs of a particular kind and provided the foundation for later work on algorithmic procedures for the assessment of knowledge.
Abstract: The information regarding a particular field of knowledge is conceptualized as a large, specified set of questions (or problems). The knowledge state of an individual with respect to that domain is formalized as the subset of all the questions that this individual is capable of solving. A particularly appealing postulate on the family of all possible knowledge states is that it is closed under arbitrary unions. A family of sets satisfying this condition is called a knowledge space. Generalizing a theorem of Birkhoff on partial orders, we show that knowledge spaces are in a one-to-one correspondence with AND/OR graphs of a particular kind. Two types of economical representations of knowledge spaces are analysed: bases, and Hasse systems, a concept generalizing that of a Hasse diagram of a partial order. The structures analysed here provide the foundation for later work on algorithmic procedures for the assessment of knowledge.
395 citations
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TL;DR: The European Parliament has evolved from a consultative body into the most powerful interstate assembly in history as discussed by the authors, and it has equal legislative power with the governments in many key areas, can amend many lines in the European Union (EU) budget, can veto the governments' nominee for Commission President, and can sack the Commission.
Abstract: In less than 20 years the European Parliament has evolved from a consultative body into the most powerful interstate assembly in history. The European Parliament now has equal legislative power with the governments in many key areas, can amend many lines in the European Union (EU) budget, can veto the governments’ nominee for Commission President, and can sack the Commission. Nevertheless, outside a small group of experts, the only directly elected European body remains relatively unknown. Politics in the EU is different from traditional politics in democratic countries for several reasons. First, the EU is still more a supranational institution than a federal state. Second, there is considerable heterogeneity between the cultures, histories, economic conditions, and national institutions of member states. Therefore, politics in the EU is likely to be more complex and multidimensional than national politics. Understanding the dimensionality of politics in the European Parliament should thus be an important step forward in understanding both the politics of the EU as well as how politics in other interstate assemblies may develop. 1
395 citations
Authors
Showing all 25206 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Karl J. Friston | 217 | 1267 | 217169 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
David Miller | 203 | 2573 | 204840 |
Jing Wang | 184 | 4046 | 202769 |
H. S. Chen | 179 | 2401 | 178529 |
Jie Zhang | 178 | 4857 | 221720 |
Jasvinder A. Singh | 176 | 2382 | 223370 |
D. M. Strom | 176 | 3167 | 194314 |
J. N. Butler | 172 | 2525 | 175561 |
Andrea Bocci | 172 | 2402 | 176461 |
Bradley Cox | 169 | 2150 | 156200 |
Marc Weber | 167 | 2716 | 153502 |
Hongfang Liu | 166 | 2356 | 156290 |
Guenakh Mitselmakher | 165 | 1951 | 164435 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |