Université libre de Bruxelles

About: Université libre de Bruxelles is a education organization based out in Brussels, Belgium. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Breast cancer. The organization has 24974 authors who have published 56969 publications receiving 2084303 citations. The organization is also known as: ULB.

Germline mutations in the thyrotropin receptor gene cause non-autoimmune autosomal dominant hyperthyroidism.

Abstract: The thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), a member of the large family of G protein-coupled receptors, controls both the function and growth of thyroid cells via stimulation of adenylyl cyclase. We report two different mutations in the TSHR gene of affected members of two large pedigrees with non-autoimmune autosomal dominant hyperthyroidism (toxic thyroid hyperplasia), that involve residues in the third (Val509Ala) and seventh (Cys672Tyr) transmembrane segments. When expressed by transfection in COS-7 cells, the mutated receptors display a higher constitutive activation of adenylyl cyclase than wild type. This new disease entity is the germline counterpart of hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas, in which different somatic mutations with similar functional characteristics have been demonstrated.

Addressing the LHC flavor anomalies with horizontal gauge symmetries

Abstract: We study the impact of an additional $U(1{)}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ gauge symmetry with flavor-dependent charges for quarks and leptons on the LHC flavor anomalies observed in $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, $R(K)=B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}K{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}/B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}K{e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, and $h\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\tau}$. In its minimal version with two scalar doublets, the resulting model naturally explains the deviations from the Standard Model observed in $B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and $R(K)$. The CMS access in $h\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\tau}$ can be explained by introducing a third scalar doublet, which gives rise to a prediction for $\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}3\ensuremath{\mu}$. We investigate constraints from flavor observables and direct LHC searches for $pp\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{Z}^{\ensuremath{'}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. Our model successfully generates the measured fermion-mixing matrices and does not require vectorlike fermions, unlike previous attempts to explain these anomalies.

Infrared-modified gravities and massive gravitons

Abstract: We review some theoretical and phenomenological aspects of massive gravities in 4 dimensions. We start from the Fierz–Pauli theory with Lorentz-invariant mass terms and then proceed to Lorentz-violating masses. Unlike the former theory, some models with Lorentz violation have no pathologies in the spectrum in flat and nearly flat backgrounds and lead to an interesting phenomenology.

Capsule endoscopy versus colonoscopy for the detection of polyps and cancer

Abstract: Background An ingestible capsule consisting of an endoscope equipped with a video camera at both ends was designed to explore the colon. This study compared capsule endoscopy with optical colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal polyps and cancer. Methods We performed a prospective, multicenter study comparing capsule endoscopy with optical colonoscopy (the standard for comparison) in a cohort of patients with known or suspected colonic disease for the detection of colorectal polyps or cancer. Patients underwent an adapted colon preparation, and colon cleanliness was graded from poor to excellent. We computed the sensitivity and specificity of capsule endoscopy for polyps, advanced adenoma, and cancer. Results A total of 328 patients (mean age, 58.6 years) were included in the study. The capsule was excreted within 10 hours after ingestion and before the end of the lifetime of the battery in 92.8% of the patients. The sensitivity and specificity of capsule endoscopy for detecting polyps that were 6 mm ...