Showing papers by "Université Nantes Angers Le Mans published in 2013"

Imaging Work-Up for Screening of Paraganglioma and Pheochromocytoma in SDHx Mutation Carriers: A Multicenter Prospective Study from the PGL.EVA Investigators

Abstract: Context: Recommendations have not been established concerning imaging to screen SDHx mutation carriers for paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma. Objective: Our objective was to compare the performance of gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and [123I]metaiodo-benzylguanidine and somatostatin receptor scintigraphies for detecting head and neck and thoracic-abdominal-pelvic paragangliomas in SDHx mutation carriers. Design and Setting: We conducted a prospective, multicenter study from June 2005 to December 2009 at 23 French medical centers. Patients: A total of 238 index cases or relatives carrying mutations in SDHD, SDHB, or SDHC genes were included. Intervention: Images obtained by each technique were analyzed blind, without knowledge of results from other tests, first in each local center and then centrally. Main Outcome Measures: We evaluated sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios for individual and combinations of tests, the gold standard bei...

Evidence for participation of the methionine sulfoxide reductase repair system in plant seed longevity

Abstract: Seeds are in a natural oxidative context leading to protein oxidation. Although inevitable for proper progression from maturation to germination, protein oxidation at high levels is detrimental and associated with seed aging. Oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide is a common form of damage observed during aging in all organisms. This damage is reversible through the action of methionine sulfoxide reductases (MSRs), which play key roles in lifespan control in yeast and animal cells. To investigate the relationship between MSR capacity and longevity in plant seeds, we first used two Medicago truncatula genotypes with contrasting seed quality. After characterizing the MSR family in this species, we analyzed gene expression and enzymatic activity in immature and mature seeds exhibiting distinct quality levels. We found a very strong correlation between the initial MSR capacities in different lots of mature seeds of the two genotypes and the time to a drop in viability to 50% after controlled deterioration. We then analyzed seed longevity in Arabidopsis thaliana lines, in which MSR gene expression has been genetically altered, and observed a positive correlation between MSR capacity and longevity in these seeds as well. Based on our data, we propose that the MSR repair system plays a decisive role in the establishment and preservation of longevity in plant seeds.

Isolation of a New Chlamydia species from the Feral Sacred Ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus): Chlamydia ibidis.

Abstract: Investigations conducted on feral African Sacred Ibises (Threskiornis aethiopicus) in western France led to the isolation of a strain with chlamydial genetic determinants. Ultrastructural analysis, comparative sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, ompA, and of a concatenate of 31 highly conserved genes, as well as determination of the whole genome sequence confirmed the relatedness of the new isolate to members of the Chlamydiaceae, while, at the same time demonstrating a unique position outside the currently recognized species of this family. We propose to name this new chlamydial species Chlamydia ibidis.

Cancer: a missing link in ecosystem functioning?

Abstract: Cancer is a disease that affects the majority of metazoan species and, before directly causing host death, is likely to influence the competitive abilities of individuals, their susceptibility to pathogens, their vulnerability to predators, and their ability to disperse. Despite the potential importance of these ecological impacts, cancer is rarely incorporated into model ecosystems. We describe here the diversity of ways in which oncogenic phenomena, from precancerous lesions to generalized metastatic cancers, may affect ecological processes that govern biotic interactions. We argue that oncogenic phenomena, despite their complexity, can have significant and sometimes predictable ecological consequences. Our aim is to provide a new perspective on the ecological and evolutionary significance of cancer in wildlife, and to stimulate research on this topic.

β2-Adrenoreceptor Agonist Inhibits Antigen Cross-Presentation by Dendritic Cells

Abstract: Despite widespread usage of β-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists and antagonists in current clinical practice, our understanding of their interactions with the immune system is surprisingly sparse. Among the AR expressed by dendritic cells (DC), β2-AR can modify in vitro cytokine release upon stimulation. Because DC play a pivotal role in CD8(+) T cell immune responses, we examined the effects of β2-AR stimulation on MHC class I exogenous peptide presentation and cross-presentation capacities. We demonstrate that β2-AR agonist-exposed mature DC display a reduced ability to cross-present protein Ags while retaining their exogenous peptide presentation capability. This effect is mediated through the nonclassical inhibitory G (Gαi/0) protein. Moreover, inhibition of cross-presentation is neither due to reduced costimulatory molecule expression nor Ag uptake, but rather to impaired phagosomal Ag degradation. We observed a crosstalk between the TLR4 and β2-AR transduction pathways at the NF-κB level. In vivo, β2-AR agonist treatment of mice inhibits Ag protein cross-presentation to CD8(+) T cells but preserves their exogenous MHC class I peptide presentation capability. These findings may explain some side effects on the immune system associated with stress or β-agonist treatment and pave the way for the development of new immunomodulatory strategies.

Context memory in Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by a gradual loss of memory. Specifically, context aspects of memory are impaired in AD. Our review sheds light on the neurocognitive mechanisms of this memory component that forms the core of episodic memory function. Summary: Context recall, an element of episodic memory, refers to remembering the context in which an event has occurred, such as from whom or to whom information has been transmitted. Key Messages: Our review raises crucial questions. For example, (1) which context element is more prone to being forgotten in the disease? (2) How do AD patients fail to bind context features together? (3) May distinctiveness heuristic or decisions based on metacognitive expectations improve context retrieval in these patients? (4) How does cueing at retrieval enhance reinstating of encoding context in AD? By addressing these questions, our work contributes to the understanding of the memory deficits in AD.

Pomegranate seed oil prevents bone loss in a mice model of osteoporosis, through osteoblastic stimulation, osteoclastic inhibition and decreased inflammatory status

Abstract: In the current context of longer life expectancy, the prevalence of osteoporosis is increasingly important. This is why development of new strategies of prevention is highly suitable. Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) and its major component, punicic acid (a conjugated linolenic acid), have potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties both in vitro and in vivo, two processes strongly involved in osteoporosis establishment. In this study, we demonstrated that PSO consumption (5% of the diet) improved significantly bone mineral density (240.24±11.85 vs. 203.04±34.19 mg/cm(3)) and prevented trabecular microarchitecture impairment in ovariectomized (OVX) mice C57BL/6J, compared to OVX control animals. Those findings are associated with transcriptional changes in bone tissue, suggesting involvement of both osteoclastogenesis inhibition and osteoblastogenesis improvement. In addition, thanks to an ex vivo experiment, we provided evidence that serum from mice fed PSO (5% by gavage) had the ability to significantly down-regulate the expression of specific osteoclast differentiation markers and RANK-RANKL downstream signaling targets in osteoclast-like cells (RAW264.7) (RANK: negative 0.49-fold vs. control conditions). Moreover, in osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1), it elicited significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity (+159% at day 7), matrix mineralization (+271% on day 21) and transcriptional levels of major osteoblast lineage markers involving the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Our data also reveal that PSO inhibited pro-inflammatory factors expression while stimulating anti-inflammatory ones. These results demonstrate that PSO is highly relevant regarding osteoporosis. Indeed, it offers promising alternatives in the design of new strategies in nutritional management of age-related bone complications.

A Physically Based Identification of Vertical Profiles of Reflectivity from Volume Scan Radar Data

Abstract: The vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) must be identified to correct estimations of rainfall rates by radar for the nonuniform beam filling associated with the vertical variation of radar reflectivity. A method for identifying VPRs from volumetric radar data is presented that takes into account the radar sampling. Physically based constraints on the vertical structure of rainfall are introduced with simple VPR models within a rainfall classification procedure defining more homogeneous precipitation patterns. The model parameters are identified in the framework of an extended Kalman filter to ensure their temporal consistency. The method is assessed using the dataset from a volume-scanning strategy for radar quantitative precipitation estimation designed in 2002 for the Bollene radar (France). The physical consistency of the retrieved VPR is evaluated. Positive results are obtained insofar as the physically based identified VPR (i) presents physically consistent shapes and characteristics consi...

Prototypic Long Pentraxin PTX3 Is Present in Breast Milk, Spreads in Tissues, and Protects Neonate Mice from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection

Abstract: Newborns and infants present a higher susceptibility to infection than adults, a vulnerability associated with deficiencies in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Innate immune receptors are sensors involved in the recognition and elimination of microbes that play a pivotal role at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3), the prototypic long pentraxin, is a soluble pattern recognition receptor involved in the initiation of protective responses against selected pathogens. Because neonates are generally resistant to these pathogens, we suspected that PTX3 may be provided by a maternal source during the early life times. We observed that human colostrum contains high levels of PTX3, and that mammary epithelial cell and CD11b+ milk cells constitutively produce PTX3. Interestingly, PTX3 given orally to neonate mice was rapidly distributed in different organs, and PTX3 ingested during lactation was detected in neonates. Finally, we observed that orally administered PTX3 provided protection against Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection in neonate mice. Therefore, breastfeeding constitutes, during the early life times, an important source of PTX3, which actively participates in the protection of neonates against infections. In addition, these results suggest that PTX3 might represent a therapeutic tool for treating neonatal infections and support the view that breastfeeding has beneficial effects on the neonates’ health.

Evaluation of surface acoustic waves on the human skin using quasi-time-averaged digital Fresnel holograms

Abstract: This paper proposes a first attempt to visualize and analyze the vibrations induced by a bone-conduction device and propagating at the surface of the skin of a human face. The method is based on a new approach in a so-called quasi-time-averaging regime, resulting in the retrieval of the vibration amplitude and phase from a sequence of digital Fresnel holograms recorded with a high image rate. The design of the algorithm depends on the ratio between the exposure time and the vibration period. The results show the propagation of vibrations at the skin surface, and quantitative analysis is achieved by the proposed approach.

Complete Chromosome Sequence of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum LMA 28

Abstract: Within the lactic acid bacterium genus Carnobacterium, Carnobacterium maltaromaticum is one of the most frequently isolated species from natural environments and food. It potentially plays a major role in food product biopreservation. We report here on the 3.649-Mb chromosome sequence of C. maltaromaticum LMA 28, which was isolated from ripened soft cheese.

The walking-induced transient hack concept is valid & relies on a transient early-exercise hypoxemia.

Abstract: Background Decreased arterial oxygen pressure obtained at peak exercise is strong evidence of walking-induced hypoxemia, assuming that the lower pressure occurs just before exercise is stopped. Using empirical predefined models and transcutaneous oximetry, we have shown that some patients reporting exercise intolerance show a minimal value at the onset of walking and a post-exercise overshoot. These changes are referred to as transcutaneous ?walking-induced transient hacks?. Methods In 245 patients, walking-induced transcutaneous oxygen pressure changes in the chest were analyzed using observer-independent clustering techniques. Clustering classes were compared to the profile types previously proposed with the cross-correlation technique. The classifications of patients according to both approaches were compared using kappa statistics. In 10 patients showing a hack on transcutaneous oximetry, we analyzed the results of direct iterative arterial sampling recorded during a new walking treadmill test. Results Clustering analysis resulted in 4 classes that closely fit the 4 most frequently proposed empirical models (cross-correlation coefficients: 0.93 to 0.97). The kappa between the two classifications was 0.865. In 10 patients showing transcutaneous hacks, the minimal direct arterial oxygen pressure value occurred at exercise onset, and these patients exhibited a recovery overshoot reaching a maximum at two minutes of recovery, confirming the walking-induced transient hypoxemia. Conclusions In patients reporting exercise intolerance, transcutaneous oximetry could help to detect walking-induced transient hypoxemia, while peak-exercise arterial oximetry might be normal. Citation: Bruneau A, Feuilloy M, Dussaussoy C, Gagnadoux F, Leftheriotis G, et al. (2013) The Walking-Induced Transient Hack Concept Is Valid & Relies on a Transient Early-Exercise Hypoxemia. PLoS ONE 8(5): e62651. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0062651 Editor: Gisela Nogales-Gadea, University Hospital Vall d?Hebron, Spain Received: January 4, 2013; Accepted: March 25, 2013; Published: May 3, 2013 Copyright: © 2013 Bruneau et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: The project was funded and promoted by the University Hospital in Angers, and AB benefits the support of the ?Direction departementale de la cohesion sociale? and ?Comite departemental olympique et sportif?. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) decontamination kinetics in lactating goats (Capra hircus) following a contaminated corn silage exposure.

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the kinetics of contamination and decontamination of PCBs and PCDD/Fs in milk of lactating goats. Four goats were fed during 39 days with corn silage collected in an area accidentally contaminated and then with uncontaminated silage during 20 days. Concentrations of DL-PCBs + PCDD/Fs in milk exceeded rapidly (<15 days) the European limit value and approached steady state after 5 weeks. The decontamination kinetics in milk included first a rapid elimination phase (<10 days) followed by a slower elimination phase of 33, 51, and 59 days for DL-PCBs, NDL-PCBs, and PCDD/Fs, respectively. Therefore, in lactating goats, PCBs and PCDD/Fs contaminated forage raises concerns in terms of food safety. The study also indicates that a decontamination process of lactating animals remains feasible; 20 days was considered to be sufficient to obtain a DL-PCBs + PCDD/Fs level in milk below the regulatory value.

Study of CuI thin films properties for application as anode buffer layer in organic solar cells

Abstract: After chemico-physical characterization of CuI thin films, the structures indium tin oxide (ITO) /CuI are systematically studied. We show that the morphology of the 3 nm thick CuI film depends on its deposition rate. To obtain smooth homogeneous CuI film, it is necessary to depose it at 0.005 nm/s. After optimization of the deposition conditions of CuI, it is shown that it behaves like a template for the organic layer. For instance, when the organic film is copper-phthalocyanine, the molecules which are usually perpendicular to the plane of the substrate lie parallel to it when deposited onto CuI. In a same way, when the electron donor is a prophyrin derivative, CuI allows to double the power conversion efficiency of the cells based on the heterojunction porphyrin/C 60 . When CuI is used as anode buffer layer, it increases systematically the short circuit current, the open circuit voltage, thus the efficiency of the organic solar cell. These effects are related, not only to the improvement of the band matching between the ITO and the electron donor, but also to the templating effect of the CuI. Moreover, we show that the beneficial effect of CuI is effective, not only with ITO, but also with fluorine doped tin oxide.

Apports du bilan étiologique des occlusions de l’artère centrale de la rétine et de ses branches et conséquences thérapeutiques

Abstract: Resume Introduction L’occlusion arterielle retinienne (OAR) est une pathologie rare et grave pour laquelle il n’existe actuellement pas de consensus therapeutique. Patients et methodes Il s’agit d’une etude retrospective bicentrique, analysant les donnees du bilan etiologique des patients admis pour une OAR au CHU de Tours et au CHU d’Angers. Resultats Cent trente-et-un patients (131 yeux) atteints d’OAR ont ete inclus dans l’etude. L’âge moyen des patients etait de 69,5 ans, avec une preponderance de sujets de sexe masculin (64 %). L’acuite visuelle initiale etait effondree chez les patients atteints d’occlusion de l’artere centrale de la retine (OACR) (90 % inferieure ou egale a « compte les doigts »), mais relativement preservee chez les patients atteints d’occlusion de branche de l’artere centrale de la retine (OBACR) (63,6 % superieure ou egale a 5/10). L’hypertension arterielle (HTA) etait le facteur de risque le plus souvent associe. Une stenose carotidienne etait retrouvee dans 50 % des cas, conduisant a une endarteriectomie pour neuf patients (6,9 %), alors qu’une cause cardiaque etait incriminee dans 14 % des cas. L’occlusion arterielle a revele une maladie de Horton chez cinq patients (3,8 %). Discussion Le bilan etiologique des OAR a permis la detection de pathologies cardiovasculaires traitables afin d’eviter la survenue d’une recidive oculaire ou d’un accident vasculaire cerebral ischemique. Conclusion La realisation d’un bilan etiologique des OAR permet le diagnostic de pathologies sous-jacentes, potentiellement traitables. En urgence, il est important de rechercher une maladie de Horton, alors que la place des examens effectues en semi-urgence (echographie-Doppler des troncs supra-aortiques, echocardiographie, electrocardiogramme, bilan biologique), ou a distance (echocardiographie trans-œsophagienne, imagerie cerebrale) reste a definir.

Perspectives of Accountability in Charities in New Zealand

Abstract: This study identifies three perspectives of accountability in charitable organizations: agency, stewardship, and stakeholder in relation to the availability of financial information. To examine current accountability practices, 75 interviews and informal conversations were undertaken with participants in charities in New Zealand. Many of the interviewees operated under some form of stewardship milieu. They regarded the need to discharge accountability by providing financial information as a low priority. Education may provide a way to resolve this issue by advancing stakeholders’ perspectives of accountability. This could result in reduced support for charities that do not uphold a certain standard of financial information.

Celiprolol induces β3-adrenoceptors-dependent relaxation in isolated porcine coronary arteries

Abstract: In porcine coronary arteries (PCAs), celiprolol, a selective β(1)-adrenoceptors antagonist, induces vasodilatation by an endothelium- and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathway. However, the mechanisms of that vascular effect have not been precisely established. β(3)-Adrenoceptors have been shown to be involved in the relaxation per se of various vascular beds, including coronary vessels. Thus, we evaluated (i) the presence of β(3)-adrenoceptors in the PCA and (ii) their role in celiprolol-induced vasodilatation. PCA rings were placed in organ baths and preconstricted with KCl. All experiments were performed in the presence of nadolol (a β(1)/β(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist). Cumulative concentration-response curves to SR 58611A and ICI 215001 (2 β(3)-adrenoceptor agonists) and to celiprolol were constructed. We also used semiquantitative reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction, which clearly showed the presence of β(3)-adrenoceptor transcripts. SR 58611A, ICI 215001, and celiprolol induced concentration-dependent relaxations in PCA rings. SR 58611A-induced relaxation was almost abolished after removal of endothelium or pretreatment with L-NAME (a NO synthase inhibitor). The vasorelaxations induced by SR 58611A and celiprolol were inhibited in the presence of SR 59230A and L-748337 (2 selective β(3)-adrenoceptor antagonists). We showed (i) that PCAs possess functional β(3)-adrenoceptors mediating endothelium- and NO-dependent relaxation, and (ii) that celiprolol exerts a β(3)-adrenoceptor agonistic activity in this vascular bed.

L’ulcère de Buruli – Un modèle de recherche transversale dynamique au sein du réseau des Instituts Pasteur

Abstract: Buruli ulcer is an endemic severe human skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, which prevails in western Africa in swampy areas and primarily hits children. Its gravity comes from the extent of tissue destruction, created by the toxin mycolactone. We describe here how the Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, with the help of the ministry of Health, gathered a network of multidisciplinary partners to fight against Buruli ulcer starting in the years 2000. The Centre Pasteur develops three missions : patient care, training of health care workers and research on the insect vector. Ten years of efforts resulted in significant medical advances such as the design of an early diagnostic test using PCR, or the observation that bed net use significantly decreased the risk of Buruli ulcer, offering useful prevention ; on the research side, entomological studies on aquatic bugs, coupled with epidemiological data, point to the role of these insects in the transmission of the disease. This study examplifies how an efficient network can contribute to the prevention and treatment of debilitating infectious diseases.

Les caractéristiques des vaches de réforme de l’AOP Maine Anjou et les pratiques de finition influencent leur qualité de viande

Abstract: L’objectif de ce travail a ete d’evaluer le lien entre le type de vaches de reforme de l’AOP Maine Anjou, les pratiques de finition et la qualite de la viande. Pour cela, les muscles Longissimus Thoracis (LT) et Rectus Abdominis (RA) de 111 vaches de reforme de race Rouge des Pres ont ete preleves et caracterises physico- chimiquement et sensoriellement (RA uniquement). Les pratiques de finition et les caracteristiques des vaches ont ete renseignees par enquete individuelle. Des groupes de vaches et de finition ont ete definis par classification ascendante hierarchique et leurs effets sur la qualite de la viande ont ete definis par analyse de variance. Trois types de vache ont ete definis : des vaches jeunes et legeres a aptitude laitiere moyenne (J_leg ; n= 51) ; des vaches âgees et lourdes a bonne aptitude laitiere (V_lait ; n= 32) ; des vaches jeunes et lourdes a faible aptitude laitiere (J_lourde ; n= 13). Quatre pratiques de finition ont ete definies : finition longue (142 j) avec un melange foin/enrubanne et 5,8 kg/j de concentre (LonF, n= 17) ; finition courte (80 j) au foin ou enrubanne avec 8,0 kg/j de concentre (FoinF, n= 41) ; finition moyenne (107 j) au foin avec 9,7 kg de concentre (ConF, n= 18) ; finition courte (86 j) a l’herbe pâturee avec 7,6 kg/j de concentre (PatF, n= 21). Pour le muscle LT, les vaches V_lait se caracterisent par une taille de fibres, une teneur en lipides intra-musculaires (LIM) et un rapport gras/muscle (G/M) plus eleves ; la finition PatF augmente la proportion de fibres IIA (aux depens des fibres IIX) et les indices de couleur a* et b* ; la finition ConF augmente fortement le rapport G/M. Pour le muscle RA, les vaches J_lourde se distinguent des J_leg par des proportions de fibres IIX et LIM plus faibles et une proportion de fibres I plus forte ; la tendrete est plus faible pour la viande des vaches J_leg ; les finitions ConF et PatF induisent les meilleures notes de tendrete et la finition LonF les meilleures notes de jutosite et de flaveur. Ces travaux permettent de proposer des adaptations de conduites de finition des vaches de reforme pour mieux maitriser la qualite de la viande dans l’AOP Maine Anjou.

Prévalence de Campylobacter sur les magrets de canard et influence de la transformation par séchage

Abstract: Un projet collaboratif entre le CTCPA et Oniris visant a mieux apprehender le risque Campylobacter dans les produits de canard non cuits a permis de determiner l’efficacite des methodes de transformation et de conservation sur leur population.

Risk and operation optimized damage detection and inspection systems

Abstract: Damage detection systems are usually developed and optimized based on the methods of damage detection system reliability. This implies that the later purpose of a damage detection system namely e.g. the employment of the structural integrity management is not directly accounted for. This paper addresses thus the issue of optimizing a damage detection system in the perspective its utilization for the structural integrity management. The approach is developed based the integral consideration of a) damage detection reliability and risks and b) the structural reliability and risks. The approach is developed starting with formulating the damage detection system reliability in terms of determining the conditional probability of indication and of no indication. The structural reliability model is developed explicitly accounting for damage and failure of a structure. On the basis of the formulation of an event tree it is described how the expected operational costs, the structural risks can be calculated and how risk based indices are derived. The approach is applied to a case study focusing on a damage detection system employment on a structural component subjected to fatigue. The introduced approach is discussed for the specific case study and the expected operational costs and the structural risks are determined. This in turn facilitates the determination of optimal parameters and indices of the damage detection system for the individual service years. (Less)

Ostéomyélite de l’apophyse odontoïde : intérêt de la TEP/TDM au 18F-FDG dans le bilan d’extension infectieux à distance

Abstract: Resume Le processus odontoide est une localisation atypique et tres rare d’osteomyelite. Nous rapportons le cas d’un homme de 72 ans, hemodialyse, atteint d’une osteomyelite de l’apophyse odontoide due a un Staphylococcus aureus methi-sensible. Le diagnostic a ete effectue a l’aide de l’IRM et de la TEP/TDM au 18 F-FDG. Alors que l’examen clinique et les radiographies conventionnelles n’ont pas ete contributifs, la TEP/TDM au 18 F-FDG a permis le diagnostic d’osteomyelite du pied droit et mis en evidence de multiples localisations vertebrales septiques invisibles sur l’IRM. La TEP/TDM au 18 F-FDG realisee a 3 mois a montre une diminution de l’activite hypermetabolique de l’odontoide et du pied droit. Ce cas illustre la presentation tres atypique de cette localisation septique et l’utilite de la TEP/TDM au 18 F-FDG pour effectuer un bilan d’extension infectieux complet a distance.

Graph Mining under Linguistic Constraints for Exploring Large Texts

Abstract: In this paper, we propose an approach to explore large texts by highlighting coherent sub-parts. The exploration method relies on a graph representation of the text according to Hoey's linguistic model which allows the selection and the binding of adjacent and non-adjacent sentences. The main contribution of our work consists in proposing a method based on both Hoey's linguistic model and a special graph mining technique, called CoHoP mining, to extract coherent sub-parts of the graph representation of the text. We have conducted some experiments on several English texts showing the interest of the proposed approach.