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Showing papers by "Université Paris-Saclay published in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
Koji Nakamura1, K. Hagiwara, Ken Ichi Hikasa2, Hitoshi Murayama3  +180 moreInstitutions (92)
TL;DR: In this article, a biennial review summarizes much of particle physics using data from previous editions, plus 2158 new measurements from 551 papers, they list, evaluate and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons.
Abstract: This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2158 new measurements from 551 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mass, mixing, and oscillations, QCD, top quark, CKM quark-mixing matrix, V-ud & V-us, V-cb & V-ub, fragmentation functions, particle detectors for accelerator and non-accelerator physics, magnetic monopoles, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology.

2,788 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Josée Dupuis1, Josée Dupuis2, Claudia Langenberg, Inga Prokopenko3  +336 moreInstitutions (82)
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that genetic studies of glycemic traits can identify type 2 diabetes risk loci, as well as loci containing gene variants that are associated with a modest elevation in glucose levels but are not associated with overt diabetes.
Abstract: Levels of circulating glucose are tightly regulated. To identify new loci influencing glycemic traits, we performed meta-analyses of 21 genome-wide association studies informative for fasting glucose, fasting insulin and indices of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in up to 46,186 nondiabetic participants. Follow-up of 25 loci in up to 76,558 additional subjects identified 16 loci associated with fasting glucose and HOMA-B and two loci associated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. These include nine loci newly associated with fasting glucose (in or near ADCY5, MADD, ADRA2A, CRY2, FADS1, GLIS3, SLC2A2, PROX1 and C2CD4B) and one influencing fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (near IGF1). We also demonstrated association of ADCY5, PROX1, GCK, GCKR and DGKB-TMEM195 with type 2 diabetes. Within these loci, likely biological candidate genes influence signal transduction, cell proliferation, development, glucose-sensing and circadian regulation. Our results demonstrate that genetic studies of glycemic traits can identify type 2 diabetes risk loci, as well as loci containing gene variants that are associated with a modest elevation in glucose levels but are not associated with overt diabetes.

2,022 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
18 Mar 2010-Nature
TL;DR: Comparison of genomes of three phenotypically diverse Fusarium species revealed lineage-specific genomic regions in F. oxysporum that include four entire chromosomes and account for more than one-quarter of the genome, putting the evolution of fungal pathogenicity into a new perspective.
Abstract: Fusarium species are among the most important phytopathogenic and toxigenic fungi. To understand the molecular underpinnings of pathogenicity in the genus Fusarium, we compared the genomes of three phenotypically diverse species: Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Our analysis revealed lineage-specific (LS) genomic regions in F. oxysporum that include four entire chromosomes and account for more than one-quarter of the genome. LS regions are rich in transposons and genes with distinct evolutionary profiles but related to pathogenicity, indicative of horizontal acquisition. Experimentally, we demonstrate the transfer of two LS chromosomes between strains of F. oxysporum, converting a non-pathogenic strain into a pathogen. Transfer of LS chromosomes between otherwise genetically isolated strains explains the polyphyletic origin of host specificity and the emergence of new pathogenic lineages in F. oxysporum. These findings put the evolution of fungal pathogenicity into a new perspective.

1,386 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Stephen Richards1, Richard A. Gibbs1, Nicole M. Gerardo2, Nancy A. Moran3  +220 moreInstitutions (58)
TL;DR: The genome of the pea aphid shows remarkable levels of gene duplication and equally remarkable gene absences that shed light on aspects of aphid biology, most especially its symbiosis with Buchnera.
Abstract: Aphids are important agricultural pests and also biological models for studies of insect-plant interactions, symbiosis, virus vectoring, and the developmental causes of extreme phenotypic plasticity. Here we present the 464 Mb draft genome assembly of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. This first published whole genome sequence of a basal hemimetabolous insect provides an outgroup to the multiple published genomes of holometabolous insects. Pea aphids are host-plant specialists, they can reproduce both sexually and asexually, and they have coevolved with an obligate bacterial symbiont. Here we highlight findings from whole genome analysis that may be related to these unusual biological features. These findings include discovery of extensive gene duplication in more than 2000 gene families as well as loss of evolutionarily conserved genes. Gene family expansions relative to other published genomes include genes involved in chromatin modification, miRNA synthesis, and sugar transport. Gene losses include genes central to the IMD immune pathway, selenoprotein utilization, purine salvage, and the entire urea cycle. The pea aphid genome reveals that only a limited number of genes have been acquired from bacteria; thus the reduced gene count of Buchnera does not reflect gene transfer to the host genome. The inventory of metabolic genes in the pea aphid genome suggests that there is extensive metabolite exchange between the aphid and Buchnera, including sharing of amino acid biosynthesis between the aphid and Buchnera. The pea aphid genome provides a foundation for post-genomic studies of fundamental biological questions and applied agricultural problems.

1,271 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
J. Abadie1, B. P. Abbott1, R. Abbott1, M. R. Abernathy2  +719 moreInstitutions (79)
TL;DR: In this paper, Kalogera et al. presented an up-to-date summary of the rates for all types of compact binary coalescence sources detectable by the initial and advanced versions of the ground-based gravitational-wave detectors LIGO and Virgo.
Abstract: We present an up-to-date, comprehensive summary of the rates for all types of compact binary coalescence sources detectable by the initial and advanced versions of the ground-based gravitational-wave detectors LIGO and Virgo. Astrophysical estimates for compact-binary coalescence rates depend on a number of assumptions and unknown model parameters and are still uncertain. The most confident among these estimates are the rate predictions for coalescing binary neutron stars which are based on extrapolations from observed binary pulsars in our galaxy. These yield a likely coalescence rate of 100 Myr−1 per Milky Way Equivalent Galaxy (MWEG), although the rate could plausibly range from 1 Myr−1 MWEG−1 to 1000 Myr−1 MWEG−1 (Kalogera et al 2004 Astrophys. J. 601 L179; Kalogera et al 2004 Astrophys. J. 614 L137 (erratum)). We convert coalescence rates into detection rates based on data from the LIGO S5 and Virgo VSR2 science runs and projected sensitivities for our advanced detectors. Using the detector sensitivities derived from these data, we find a likely detection rate of 0.02 per year for Initial LIGO–Virgo interferometers, with a plausible range between 2 × 10−4 and 0.2 per year. The likely binary neutron–star detection rate for the Advanced LIGO–Virgo network increases to 40 events per year, with a range between 0.4 and 400 per year.

1,011 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
Iris M. Heid1, Anne U. Jackson2, Joshua C. Randall3, Tthomas W. Winkler1  +352 moreInstitutions (90)
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for WHR adjusted for body mass index provides evidence for multiple loci that modulate body fat distribution independent of overall adiposity and reveal strong gene-by-sex interactions.
Abstract: Waist-hip ratio (WHR) is a measure of body fat distribution and a predictor of metabolic consequences independent of overall adiposity. WHR is heritable, but few genetic variants influencing this trait have been identified. We conducted a meta-analysis of 32 genome-wide association studies for WHR adjusted for body mass index (comprising up to 77,167 participants), following up 16 loci in an additional 29 studies (comprising up to 113,636 subjects). We identified 13 new loci in or near RSPO3, VEGFA, TBX15-WARS2, NFE2L3, GRB14, DNM3-PIGC, ITPR2-SSPN, LY86, HOXC13, ADAMTS9, ZNRF3-KREMEN1, NISCH-STAB1 and CPEB4 (P = 1.9 × 10⁻⁹ to P = 1.8 × 10⁻⁴⁰) and the known signal at LYPLAL1. Seven of these loci exhibited marked sexual dimorphism, all with a stronger effect on WHR in women than men (P for sex difference = 1.9 × 10⁻³ to P = 1.2 × 10⁻¹³). These findings provide evidence for multiple loci that modulate body fat distribution independent of overall adiposity and reveal strong gene-by-sex interactions.

869 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The first 43 days of the Kepler asteroseismology program were reported in this paper, showing that the unique capabilities of Kepler in providing a revolutionary advance in stellar astrophysics are already well in evidence.
Abstract: .Asteroseismology involves probing the interiors of stars and quantifying their global properties, such as radius and age, through observations of normal modes of oscillation. The technical requirements for conducting asteroseismology include ultrahigh precision measured in photometry in parts per million, as well as nearly continuous time series over weeks to years, and cadences rapid enough to sample oscillations with periods as short as a few minutes. We report on results from the first 43 days of observations, in which the unique capabilities of Kepler in providing a revolutionary advance in asteroseismology are already well in evidence. The Kepler asteroseismology program holds intrinsic importance in supporting the core planetary search program through greatly enhanced knowledge of host star properties, and extends well beyond this to rich applications in stellar astrophysics.

487 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
J. Abraham1, P. Abreu2, Marco Aglietta3, Eun-Joo Ahn4  +489 moreInstitutions (65)
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported a measurement of the flux of cosmic rays with unprecedented precision and statistics using the Pierre Auger Observatory based on fluorescence observations in coincidence with at least one surface detector.

461 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found in human subjects that activity in a network comprising dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, anterior prefrontal cortex and thalamus is positively correlated with global field power (GFP) of upper alpha band (10–12 Hz) oscillations, the most consistent electrical index of tonic alertness.
Abstract: Trial-by-trial variability in perceptual performance on identical stimuli has been related to spontaneous fluctuations in ongoing activity of intrinsic functional connectivity networks (ICNs). In a paradigm requiring sustained vigilance for instance, we previously observed that higher prestimulus activity in a cingulo-insular-thalamic network facilitated subsequent perception. Here, we test our proposed interpretation that this network underpins maintenance of tonic alertness. We used simultaneous acquisition of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) in the absence of any paradigm to test an ensuing hypothesis, namely that spontaneous fluctuations in this ICN's activity (as measured by fMRI) should show a positive correlation with the electrical signatures of tonic alertness (as recorded by concurrent EEG). We found in human subjects (19 male, 7 female) that activity in a network comprising dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, anterior prefrontal cortex and thalamus is positively correlated with global field power (GFP) of upper alpha band (10-12 Hz) oscillations, the most consistent electrical index of tonic alertness. Conversely, and in line with earlier findings, alpha band power was negatively correlated with activity in another ICN, the so-called dorsal attention network which is most prominently involved in selective spatial attention. We propose that the cingulo-insular-thalamic network serves maintaining tonic alertness through generalized expression of cortical alpha oscillations. Attention is mediated by activity in other systems, e.g., the dorsal attention network for space, selectively disrupts alertness-related suppression and hence manifests as local attenuation of alpha activity.

460 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
P. Abreu1, Marco Aglietta2, Eun-Joo Ahn3, D. Allard  +492 moreInstitutions (68)
TL;DR: In this paper, anisotropy was measured by the fraction of arrival directions that are less than 3.1 degrees from the position of an active galactic nucleus within 75 Mpc (using the Veron-Cetty and Veron 12th catalog).

404 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
A. Adare1, S. Afanasiev2, Christine Angela Aidala3, N. N. Ajitanand4  +441 moreInstitutions (49)
TL;DR: In this paper, the production of e(+)e(-) pairs for m(e+e-) < 0.3 GeV/c(2) and 1 < p(T) < 5 GeV /c is measured in p + p and Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV.
Abstract: The production of e(+)e(-) pairs for m(e+e-) < 0.3 GeV/c(2) and 1< p(T) < 5 GeV/c is measured in p + p and Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. An enhanced yield above hadronic sources is observed. Treating the excess as photon internal conversions, the invariant yield of direct photons is deduced. In central Au + Au collisions, the excess of the direct photon yield over p + p is exponential in transverse momentum, with an inverse slope T = 221 +/- 19(stat) +/- 19(syst) MeV. Hydrodynamical models with initial temperatures ranging from T-init similar to 300-600 MeV at times of similar to 0.6-0.15 fm/c after the collision are in qualitative agreement with the data. Lattice QCD predicts a phase transition to quark gluon plasma at similar to 170 MeV.

Journal ArticleDOI
A. Adare1, S. Afanasiev2, Christine Angela Aidala3, N. N. Ajitanand4  +442 moreInstitutions (49)
TL;DR: In this article, the e(+)e(-) pair continuum was measured in root s(NN) = 200 GeV Au+Au and p+p collisions over a wide range of mass and transverse momenta.
Abstract: PHENIX has measured the e(+)e(-) pair continuum in root s(NN) = 200 GeV Au+Au and p+p collisions over a wide range of mass and transverse momenta. The e(+)e(-) yield is compared to the expectations from hadronic sources, based on PHENIX measurements. In the intermediate-mass region, between the masses of the phi and the J/psi meson, the yield is consistent with expectations from correlated c (c) over bar production, although other mechanisms are not ruled out. In the low-mass region, below the phi, the p+p inclusive mass spectrum is well described by known contributions from light meson decays. In contrast, the Au+Au minimum bias inclusive mass spectrum in this region shows an enhancement by a factor of 4.7 +/- 0.4(stat) +/- 1.5(syst) +/- 0.9(model). At low mass (m(ee) < 0.3 GeV/c(2)) and high p(T) (1 < p(T) < 5 GeV/c) an enhanced e(+)e(-) pair yield is observed that is consistent with production of virtual direct photons. This excess is used to infer the yield of real direct photons. In central Au+Au collisions, the excess of the direct photon yield over the p+p is exponential in p(T), with inverse slope T = 221 +/- 19(stat) +/- 19(syst) MeV. Hydrodynamical models with initial temperatures ranging from T-init similar or equal to 300-600 MeV at times of 0.6-0.15 fm/c after the collision are in qualitative agreement with the direct photon data in Au+Au. For low p(T) < 1 GeV/c the low-mass region shows a further significant enhancement that increases with centrality and has an inverse slope of T similar or equal to 100 MeV. Theoretical models underpredict the low-mass, low-p(T) enhancement.

Journal ArticleDOI
A. A. Abdo1, A. A. Abdo2, Markus Ackermann3, Marco Ajello3  +177 moreInstitutions (34)
TL;DR: In this article, the gamma-ray line limits from 30 to 200 GeV were obtained from 11 m to 12 m in the sky, and the line limits were shown to be achievable from 11m to 12m.
Abstract: Dark matter (DM) particle annihilation or decay can produce monochromatic gamma rays readily distinguishable from astrophysical sources. gamma- ray line limits from 30 to 200 GeV obtained from 11 m ...

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Jun 2010-BMJ
TL;DR: There is a link between BMI and sexual behaviour and adverse sexual health outcomes, with obese women less likely to access contraceptive healthcare services and having more unplanned pregnancies.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyse the association between body mass index (BMI) and sexual activity, sexual satisfaction, unintended pregnancies, and abortions in obese people and to discuss the implications for public health practices, taking into account the respondents' and their partners' BMI. DESIGN: Random probability survey of sexual behaviours. SETTING: National population based survey of 12 364 men and women aged 18-69 living in France in 2006. PARTICIPANTS: Random selection of 5535 women and 4635 men, of whom 3651 women and 2725 men were normal weight (BMI 18.5- 30). RESULTS: Obese women were less likely than normal weight women to report having a sexual partner in the past 12 months (odds ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.51 to 0.97). Obese men were less likely than normal weight men to report more than one sexual partner in the same period (0.31, 0.17 to 0.57, P<0.001) and more likely to report erectile dysfunction (2.58, 1.09 to 6.11, P<0.05). Sexual dysfunction was not associated with BMI among women. Obese women aged under 30 were less likely to seek healthcare services for contraception (0.37, 0.18 to 0.76) or to use oral contraceptives (0.34, 0.15 to 0.78). They were also more likely to report an unintended pregnancy (4.26, 2.21 to 8.23). CONCLUSION: There is a link between BMI and sexual behaviour and adverse sexual health outcomes, with obese women less likely to access contraceptive healthcare services and having more unplanned pregnancies. Prevention of unintended pregnancies among these women is a major reproductive health challenge. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of sensitivities related to weight and gender in the provision of sexual health services.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: GLI2 was directly involved in driving melanoma invasion and metastasis in this preclinical study and was identified as a transcriptional target of TGF-beta signaling.
Abstract: , 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16 to 2.60, P < .001). Reduction of GLI2 expression in melanoma cells that had expressed high levels of GLI2 substantially inhibited both basal and TGF-b-induced cell migration, invasion (mean number of Matrigel invading cells: shGLI2 vs shCtrl (control), 52.6 vs 100, difference = 47.4, 95% CI = 37.0 to 57.8, P = .024; for shGLI2 + TGF-b vs shCtrl + TGF-b, 31.0 vs 161.9, difference = 2130.9, 95% CI = 296.2 to 2165.5, P = .002), and MMP secretion in vitro and the development of experimental bone metastases in mice. Within human melanoma lesions, GLI2 expression was heterogeneous, associated with tumor regions in which E-cadherin was lost and increased in the most aggressive tumors.

Journal ArticleDOI
P. Del Amo Sanchez1, J. P. Lees1, V. Poireau1, E. Prencipe1  +442 moreInstitutions (77)
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of the decay mode X(3872)→J/ψω, with product branching fractions B(B^+→X( 3872)K^+π^-π^0K^(0,+), using 467×10^6 BB[overbar] pairs recorded with the BABAR detector.
Abstract: We present a study of the decays B^(0,+)→J/ψπ^+π^-π^0K^(0,+), using 467×10^6 BB[overbar] pairs recorded with the BABAR detector. We present evidence for the decay mode X(3872)→J/ψω, with product branching fractions B(B^+→X(3872)K^+)×B(X(3872)→J/ψω)=[0.6±0.2(stat)±0.1(syst)]×10^(-5), and B(B^0→X(3872)K^0)×B(X(3872)→J/ψω)=[0.6±0.3(stat)±0.1(syst)]×10^(-5). A detailed study of the π^+π^-π^0 mass distribution from X(3872) decay favors a negative-parity assignment.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Urinary protein excretion is strongly associated with renal disease progression in men and women with Fabry disease and regression models of eGFR slope indicated that UP/Cr is the most important indicator of renal disease progress in adult Fabry patients.
Abstract: Background and objectives: These analyses were designed to characterize renal disease progression in untreated adults with Fabry disease. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: Data from the Fabry Registry for 462 untreated adults (121 men and 341 women) who had at least two estimated GFR (eGFR) values over a span of ≥12 months before starting enzyme replacement therapy were included. Results: Most men (86 of 121, 71%) had more rapid loss of kidney function than the normal adult population (loss of eGFR > −1 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year), whereas fewer women (133 of 341, 39%) had rapid loss of kidney function. Patients with rapid progression had significantly higher mean averaged urinary protein to urinary creatinine ratios (UP/Cr) than patients with slower progression (1.5 versus 0.2 for men; 1.4 versus 0.5 for women; P 1.5 (mean eGFR slope, −5.6 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year; n = 30). eGFR slope declined more slowly in women, with the steepest declines observed in women with UP/Cr > 1.2 (mean eGFR slope, −1.3 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year; n = 85). Regression models of eGFR slope indicated that UP/Cr is the most important indicator of renal disease progression in adult Fabry patients. In women, lower baseline eGFR and age were also associated with renal disease progression. Women who had clinical events had more rapid loss of kidney function. Conclusions: Urinary protein excretion is strongly associated with renal disease progression in men and women with Fabry disease.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Intracellular NOX4-p22(phox) localization suggests a role in cytoplasmic redox signaling, in contrast to the DUOX localization at the apical membrane that corresponds to an extracellular H( 2)O(2) production.
Abstract: NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) belongs to the NOX family that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Function and tissue distribution of NOX4 have not yet been entirely clarified. To date, in the thyroid gland, only DUOX1/2 NOX systems have been described. NOX4 mRNA expression, as shown by real-time PCR, was present in normal thyroid tissue, regulated by TSH and significantly increased in differentiated cancer tissues. TSH increased the protein level of NOX4 in human thyroid primary culture and NOX4-dependent ROS generation. NOX4 immunostaining was detected in normal and pathologic thyroid tissues. In normal thyroid tissue, staining was heterogeneous and mostly found in activated columnar thyrocytes but absent in quiescent flat cells. Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas displayed more homogeneous staining. The p22(phox) protein that forms a heterodimeric enzyme complex with NOX4 displayed an identical cellular expression pattern and was also positively regulated by TSH. ROS may have various biological effects, depending on the site of production. Intracellular NOX4-p22(phox) localization suggests a role in cytoplasmic redox signaling, in contrast to the DUOX localization at the apical membrane that corresponds to an extracellular H(2)O(2) production. Increased NOX4-p22(phox) in cancer might be related to a higher proliferation rate and tumor progression but a role in the development of tumors has to be further studied and established in the future.

Journal ArticleDOI
V. M. Abazov1, Brad Abbott2, M. Abolins3, B. S. Acharya4  +451 moreInstitutions (76)
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the results of a search for the flavor changing neutral current decay B-s(0) -> mu(+)mu(-) using 6.1 fb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV collected by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: P parity-violating asymmetries in elastic electron-proton and quasielastic electron-deuteron scattering are measured and the first measurement of anapole moment effects in the axial-vector current at these four-momentum transfers is presented.
Abstract: We have measured parity-violating asymmetries in elastic electron-proton and quasielastic electron-deuteron scattering at Q2=0.22 and 0.63 GeV2. They are sensitive to strange quark contributions to currents in the nucleon and the nucleon axial-vector current. The results indicate strange quark contributions of approximately < 10% of the charge and magnetic nucleon form factors at these four-momentum transfers. We also present the first measurement of anapole moment effects in the axial-vector current at these four-momentum transfers.

Journal ArticleDOI
V. M. Abazov1, Brad Abbott2, M. Abolins3, B. S. Acharya4  +466 moreInstitutions (78)
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the methods that have been used to identify b-quark jets, exploiting in particular the long lifetimes of b-flavored hadrons, and the calibration of the performance of these algorithms based on collider data.
Abstract: Algorithms distinguishing jets originating from b quarks from other jet flavors are important tools in the physics program of the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron p-pbar collider. This article describes the methods that have been used to identify b-quark jets, exploiting in particular the long lifetimes of b-flavored hadrons, and the calibration of the performance of these algorithms based on collider data.

Journal ArticleDOI
Markus Ackermann1, Marco Ajello1, W. B. Atwood2, Luca Baldini  +177 moreInstitutions (28)
TL;DR: The Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi satellite (Fermi LAT) detected more than 1.6 x 10(6) cosmic-ray electrons/positrons with energies above 60 GeV during its first year of operation.
Abstract: The Large Area Telescope on board the Fermi satellite (Fermi LAT) detected more than 1.6 x 10(6) cosmic-ray electrons/positrons with energies above 60 GeV during its first year of operation. The ar ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compute the O(m) conservative correction to the precession rate of the small-eccentricity orbits of a particle of mass m moving around a Schwarzschild black hole of mass M?m.
Abstract: Using a recently presented numerical code for calculating the Lorenz-gauge gravitational self-force (GSF), we compute the O(m) conservative correction to the precession rate of the small-eccentricity orbits of a particle of mass m moving around a Schwarzschild black hole of mass M?m. Specifically, we study the gauge-invariant function ?(x), where ? is defined as the O(m) part of the dimensionless ratio (??r/???)2 between the squares of the radial and azimuthal frequencies of the orbit, and where x=[Gc-3(M+m)???]2/3 is a gauge-invariant measure of the dimensionless gravitational potential (mass over radius) associated with the mean circular orbit. Our GSF computation of the function ?(x) in the interval 0

Journal ArticleDOI
P. Del Amo Sanchez1, J. P. Lees1, V. Poireau1, E. Prencipe1  +447 moreInstitutions (77)
TL;DR: A direct measurement of D0-D0 mixing parameters through a time-dependent amplitude analysis of the Dalitz plots and, for the first time, D0 → K(S)(0)K+ K- decays is reported, which identifies the flavor of the neutral D meson at its production.
Abstract: We report a direct measurement of D^0-D(overbar)^0 mixing parameters through a time-dependent amplitude analysis of the Dalitz plots of D^0 → K_(S)^(0)π^(+)π^(-) and, for the first time, D^0 → K_(S)^(0)K^(+)K^(-) decays. The low-momentum pion π^(+)_s in the decay D^(*+)→D^(0)π^(+)_s identifies the flavor of the neutral D meson at its production. Using 468.5 fb^(-1) of e^(+)e^(-) colliding-beam data recorded near √s=10.6 GeV by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy collider at SLAC, we measure the mixing parameters x=[1.6±2.3(stat)±1.2(syst)±0.8(model)]×10^(-3), and y=[5.7±2.0(stat)±1.3(syst)±0.7(model)]×10^(-3). These results provide the best measurement to date of x and y. The knowledge of the value of x, in particular, is crucial for understanding the origin of mixing.

Journal ArticleDOI
A. Adare1, S. Afanasiev2, Christine Angela Aidala3, N. N. Ajitanand4  +388 moreInstitutions (55)
TL;DR: In this paper, the azimuthal anisotropy of pi(0) production for 1 < p(T) < 18 GeV/c for Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV.
Abstract: We have measured the azimuthal anisotropy of pi(0) production for 1 < p(T) < 18 GeV/c for Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. The observed anisotropy shows a gradual decrease for 3 less than or similar to p(T) less than or similar to 7-10 GeV/c, but remains positive beyond 10 GeV/c. The magnitude of this anisotropy is underpredicted, up to at least similar to 10 GeV/c, by current perturbative QCD (PQCD) energy-loss model calculations. An estimate of the increase in anisotropy expected from initial-geometry modification due to gluon saturation effects and fluctuations is insufficient to account for this discrepancy. Calculations that implement a path-length dependence steeper than what is implied by current PQCD energy-loss models show reasonable agreement with the data.

Journal ArticleDOI
J. P. Lees1, V. Poireau1, E. Prencipe1, V. Tisserand1  +459 moreInstitutions (77)
TL;DR: A search for neutrinoless, lepton-flavor violating decay of the tau lepton into three charged leptons has been performed using an integrated luminosity of 468 fb{sup -1} collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II collider as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A search for the neutrinoless, lepton-flavor violating decay of the {tau} lepton into three charged leptons has been performed using an integrated luminosity of 468 fb{sup -1} collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II collider. In all six decay modes considered, the numbers of events found in data are compatible with the background expectations. Upper limits on the branching fractions are set in the range (1.8-3.3) x 10{sup -8} at 90% confidence level.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study shows for the first time that H(2)O(2), generated during a 5 Gy X-ray irradiation, causes DNA double-strand breaks and contributes to RET/PTC1 formation in thyroid cells and highlights that oxidative stress could be responsible for the occurrence of RET/ PTC1 rearrangement found in thyroid lesions even in the absence of radiation exposure.
Abstract: During childhood, the thyroid gland is one of the most sensitive organs to the carcinogenetic effects of ionizing radiation that may lead to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) associated with RET/PTC oncogene rearrangement. Exposure to ionizing radiation induces a transient "oxidative burst" through radiolysis of water, which can cause DNA damage and mediates part of the radiation effects. H(2)O(2) is a potent DNA-damaging agent that induces DNA double-strand breaks, and consequently, chromosomal aberrations. Irradiation by 5 Gy X-ray increased extracellular H(2)O(2). Therefore, we investigated the implication of H(2)O(2) in the generation of RET/PTC1 rearrangement after X-ray exposure. We developed a highly specific and sensitive nested reverse transcription-PCR method. By using the human thyroid cell line HTori-3, previously found to produce RET/PTC1 after gamma-irradiation, we showed that H(2)O(2), generated during a 5 Gy X-ray irradiation, causes DNA double-strand breaks and contributes to RET/PTC1 formation. Pretreatment of cells with catalase, a scavenger of H(2)O(2), significantly decreased RET/PTC1 rearrangement formation. Finally, RET/PTC chromosomal rearrangement was detected in HTori-3.1 cells after exposure of cells to H(2)O(2) (25 micromol/L), at a dose that did not affect the cell viability. This study shows for the first time that H(2)O(2) is able to cause RET/PTC1 rearrangement in thyroid cells and consequently highlights that oxidative stress could be responsible for the occurrence of RET/PTC1 rearrangement found in thyroid lesions even in the absence of radiation exposure.

Journal ArticleDOI
P. Del Amo Sanchez1, J. P. Lees1, V. Poireau1, E. Prencipe1  +437 moreInstitutions (74)
TL;DR: In this article, a study of the D+π-, D0π+, and D*+π- systems in inclusive e+e-→cc interactions in a search for new excited D meson states is presented.
Abstract: We present a study of the D+π-, D0π+, and D*+π- systems in inclusive e+e-→cc interactions in a search for new excited D meson states. We use a data set, consisting of ∼454 fb-1, collected at center-of-mass energies near 10.58 GeV by the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy collider. We observe, for the first time, candidates for the radial excitations of the D0, D*0, and D*+, as well as the L=2 excited states of the D0 and D+, where L is the orbital angular momentum of the quarks.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The high uptake of MSUS across Europe is confirmed and the reported variation in training and practice between countries suggests a need for standardization in areas including training guidelines.
Abstract: To document the current state of musculoskeletal US (MSUS) training and extent of implementation among rheumatologists in the member countries of EULAR.