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Showing papers by "Universiti Teknologi Malaysia published in 2017"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A variety of conceptual approaches have been developed to understand and analyse societal transition or transformation processes, including: socio-technical transitions, social-ecological systems, sustainability pathways, and transformative adaptation as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The notion of ‘transformations towards sustainability’ takes an increasingly central position in global sustainability research and policy discourse in recent years. Governance and politics are central to understanding and analysing transformations towards sustainability. However, despite receiving growing attention in recent years, the governance and politics aspects of transformations remain arguably under-developed in the global sustainability literature. A variety of conceptual approaches have been developed to understand and analyse societal transition or transformation processes, including: socio-technical transitions, social-ecological systems, sustainability pathways, and transformative adaptation. This paper critically surveys these four approaches, and reflects on them through the lens of the Earth System Governance framework (Biermann et al., 2009). This contributes to appreciating existing insights on transformations, and to identifying key research challenges and opportunities. Overall, the paper brings together diverse perspectives, that have so far remained largely fragmented, in order to strengthen the foundation for future research on transformations towards sustainability.

488 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors systematically review the state of the art of biogas upgrading technologies with upgrading efficiency, methane (CH 4 ) loss, environmental effect, development and commercialization, and challenges in terms of energy consumption and economic assessment.

477 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the technological readiness of different elements of BEV technology and highlight those technological areas where important progress is expected, and investigate the economic issues linked with the development of BEVs.
Abstract: As concerns of oil depletion and security of supply remain as severe as ever, and faced with the consequences of climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions, Europe is increasingly looking at alternatives to traditional road transport technologies. Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) are seen as a promising technology, which could lead to the decarbonisation of the Light Duty Vehicle fleet and to independence from oil. However it still has to overcome some significant barriers to gain social acceptance and obtain appreciable market penetration. This review evaluates the technological readiness of the different elements of BEV technology and highlights those technological areas where important progress is expected. Techno-economic issues linked with the development of BEVs are investigated. Current BEVs in the market need to be more competitive than other low carbon vehicles, a requirement which stimulates the necessity for new business models. Finally, the all-important role of politics in this development is, also, discussed. As the benefit of BEVs can help countries meet their environmental targets, governments have included them in their roadmaps and have developed incentives to help them penetrate the market.

432 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a sustainable method combining CCS and biofuel production using CO2 as a feedstock is proposed. But, the method is not suitable for large-scale CCS systems.
Abstract: The major contributor to global warming is human-generated greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions that pollute the air. GHGs emissions are a global issue dominated by emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). Notably, CO2 accounts for an estimated 77% of GHGs and thus has a huge impact on the environment. The capture, sequestration, and utilization of CO2 emissions from flue gas are now becoming familiar worldwide. These methods are a promising solution to promote sustainability for the benefit of future generations. Previously, many researchers have focused on capturing and storing CO2; however, less effort has been spent on finding ways to utilize flue gas emissions. Moreover, several issues must be overcome in the field of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technology, especially regarding the cost, capacity of storage and the durability of the storage reservoir. In addition, this paper addresses new technology in carbon capture and sequestration. To make CCS technology more feasible, this paper suggests a sustainable method combining CCS and biofuel production using CO2 as a feedstock. This method offers many advantages, such as CO2 emission mitigation and energy security through the production of renewable energy. Due to the many advantages of biofuels, the conversion of CO2 into biofuel is a best practice and may provide a solution to pollution while encouraging sustainability practises.

422 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of 144 published scholarly papers appearing in 45 high-ranking journals between 2006 and 2015 have been obtained to achieve a comprehensive review of DEA application in energy efficiency, where the selected articles have been categorized based on year of publication; author (s) nationalities, scope of study, time duration, application area, study purpose, results and outcomes.
Abstract: The main aim of this review article is to review of DEA models in regarding to energy efficiency. This paper reviewed and summarized the different models of DEA that have been applied around the world to development of energy efficiency problems. Consequently, a review of 144 published scholarly papers appearing in 45 high-ranking journals between 2006 and 2015 have been obtained to achieve a comprehensive review of DEA application in energy efficiency. Accordingly, the selected articles have been categorized based on year of publication; author (s) nationalities, scope of study, time duration, application area, study purpose, results and outcomes. Results of this review paper indicated that DEA showed great promise to be a good evaluative tool for future analysis on energy efficiency issues, where the production function between the inputs and outputs was virtually absent or extremely difficult to acquire.

414 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An exhaustive examination of current research trends with a focus on nanomaterials (NMs) to considerably improve the performance of classical wastewater treatment technologies, e.g. adsorption, catalysis, separation, and disinfection is undertaken.
Abstract: The efficient handling of wastewater pollutants is a must, since they are continuously defiling limited fresh water resources, seriously affecting the terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial flora and fauna. Our vision is to undertake an exhaustive examination of current research trends with a focus on nanomaterials (NMs) to considerably improve the performance of classical wastewater treatment technologies, e.g. adsorption, catalysis, separation, and disinfection. Additionally, NM-based sensor technologies are considered, since they have been significantly used for monitoring water contaminants. We also suggest future directions to inform investigators of potentially disruptive NM technologies that have to be investigated in more detail. The fate and environmental transformations of NMs, which need to be addressed before large-scale implementation of NMs for water purification, are also highlighted.

397 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide insights into the physico-chemical properties and fabrication approaches of different classes of inorganic membranes and discuss the transport mechanisms associated to their unique structural features.

326 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Students found that they use their smartphones to access teaching materials or supporting information, which are normally accessible through the Internet, which is a challenging task in a classroom-teaching environment.
Abstract: Many educational institutions, especially higher education institutions, are considering to embrace smartphones as part of learning aids in classes as most students (in many cases all students) not only own them but also are also attached to them. The main question is whether embracing smartphones in classroom teaching enhances the learning or perhaps an interference. This paper presents the finding of our study on embracing smartphone in classroom teaching. The study was carried out through a survey and interview/discussion with a focus group of students. We found that they use their smartphones to access teaching materials or supporting information, which are normally accessible through the Internet. Students use smartphones as learning aids due many reasons such as they provide convenience, portability, comprehensive learning experiences, multi sources and multitasks, and environmentally friendly. They also use smartphones to interact with teachers outside classes and using smartphones to manage their group assignments. However, integrating smartphones in a classroom-teaching environment is a challenging task. Lecturers may need to incorporate smartphones in teaching and learning to create attractive teaching and optimum interaction with students in classes while mitigating or at least minimising distractions that can be created. Some of the challenges are distraction, dependency, lacking hands on skills, and the reduce quality of face-to-face interaction. To avoid any disturbances in using smartphones within a classroom environment, proper rules of using smartphones in class should be established before teaching, and students need to abide to these rules.

314 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a state-of-the-art of vehicle classification is reviewed, in which the focus is placed on the deployment of fuel cell, battery, ultracapacitor and flywheel.
Abstract: Fuel cell (FC) application in vehicular technology has gained much popularity since the past few years. Typically, fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle (FCHEV) consists of fuel cell, battery and/or ultracapacitor (UC) as the power sources. The power converter is integrated to the power sources to form the hybrid FC system. This helps to compensate the drawback of individual power sources. Apart from the technical efficiency of power sources itself, the performance of an FCHEV is governed by the efficiency of power electronics and associated controller. In this paper, a state-of-the-art of vehicle classification is reviewed, in which the focus is placed on the deployment of fuel cell, battery, ultracapacitor and flywheel. The configurations used in FCHEV, followed by the updated power converter topologies, are also discussed. The topologies are categorized and discussed according to the power stages and control techniques used in the configurations. Then, multiple stages conversion and single stage topologies are described chronologically. The advantages and disadvantages of each topology, safety standards, current situation and environmental impact of FCHEV are also discussed. In addition, the current development of FCHEV, challenges and future prospects are also elaborated. The rapid growth of FC based research and technology has paved great prospects for FCHEVs in the near future, with the prediction of the competitive cost of hydrogen as compared to gasoline.

287 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed new intelligent prediction models for estimating the tunnel boring machine performance (TBM) by means of the rate pf penetration (PR) of the Pahang-Selangor Raw Water Transfer (PSRWT) tunnel in Malaysia.

286 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Critical review of the basic vehicle model usually used; the control strategies usually employed in path tracking control, and the performance criteria used to evaluate the controller’s performance are provided.
Abstract: Autonomous vehicle field of study has seen considerable researches within three decades. In the last decade particularly, interests in this field has undergone tremendous improvement. One of the main aspects in autonomous vehicle is the path tracking control, focusing on the vehicle control in lateral and longitudinal direction in order to follow a specified path or trajectory. In this paper, path tracking control is reviewed in terms of the basic vehicle model usually used; the control strategies usually employed in path tracking control, and the performance criteria used to evaluate the controller's performance. Vehicle model is categorised into several types depending on its linearity and the type of behaviour it simulates, while path tracking control is categorised depending on its approach. This paper provides critical review of each of these aspects in terms of its usage and disadvantages/advantages. Each aspect is summarised for better overall understanding. Based on the critical reviews, main challenges in the field of path tracking control is identified and future research direction is proposed. Several promising advancement is proposed with the main prospect is focused on adaptive geometric controller developed on a nonlinear vehicle model and tested with hardware-in-the-loop (HIL). It is hoped that this review can be treated as preliminary insight into the choice of controllers in path tracking control development for an autonomous ground vehicle.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provided an extensive summary of various production methods of magnetic biochar along with its application in wastewater treatment and selected polymer cooperation and showed a remarkable application as an adsorbent for various wastewater treatments and cooperated in certain selected polymer composites for application in supercapacitor.
Abstract: The development of magnetic biochar from biomass and the prospect of developing magnetic nanomaterials have attracted many researchers worldwide. The conversion of this biomass into something more prospective has reduced the waste management issue without any hassle. Magnetic biochar which is derived from various types of biomass exhibits a good magnetic property with high surface area and significant morphology through various production methods. These magnetic biochar showed a remarkable application as an adsorbent for various wastewater treatments and were cooperated in certain selected polymer composites for application in supercapacitor. This study provides an extensive summary of various production methods of magnetic biochar along with its application in wastewater treatment and selected polymer cooperation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of crane control strategies discussing the latest research works during the years from 2000 to 2016 is presented in this article, where various crane types and control issues are highlighted, followed by the main focus of this paper, an extensive review of the control schemes for diverse types of crane systems that have been carried out in the 21st century.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors bring the latest status on integration of wave energy device with other marine facilities, which is the breakwater structure that may possibly aid to cost sharing, and show that the integration opens up a new dimension to acknowledge the technology harnessing ocean wave, especially for the Asian countries experiencing medium wave condition.
Abstract: One of the most abundant energy sources exists in this world is the ocean wave energy. By far, it has shown to be the most clean, renewable, predicted energy and has raised the potential to compete with the current use of non-renewable energy sources. Recent research conducted on wave energy invention has opened a new dimension to slowly reduce the dependency on fossil fuel by introducing new technology on the renewable world but relatively lacking in economical aspect. This review brings the latest status on integration of wave energy device with other marine facilities, which is the breakwater structure that may possibly aid to cost sharing. Most researches done on this field highlighted countries experiencing rough sea condition and focused less on countries with medium wave condition as faced by the Asian continent. The potential for energy extraction and wave dissipation for medium wave condition will be discussed in this review by considering several aspects including reliability, effectiveness and performance. Finally, this review shows that the integration opens up a new dimension to acknowledge the technology harnessing ocean wave, especially for the Asian countries experiencing medium wave condition.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the potential applications of AgNPs in several areas while minimizing their risks to humans and the environment is presented, and several potential topics for future works are available to promote more efficient use of these nanoparticles.
Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are intensively investigated for their superior physical, chemical, and biological properties. A proper knowledge of these properties is essential to maximizing the potential applications of AgNPs in several areas while minimizing their risks to humans and the environment. This paper aims to critically review AgNPs from the perspectives of research trends, global consumption, synthesis, properties, and future challenges. Generally, AgNPs can be synthesized using three methods, namely physical, chemical, and biological, and the related works as well as their numerous advantages and disadvantages are presented in this review. In addition, AgNPs can be potentially explored for various applications. Future challenges on (AgNP) synthesis, their release into the environment, and scaling up production, as presented in the review, suggest that several potential topics for future works are available to promote a safer and more efficient use of these nanoparticles. Studies on AgNPs in Malaysia have increased since the Malaysian government officially established a directorate for nanotechnology development. This calls for a proper set of policies on AgNPs starting from their production to utilization as well as their effects on various related industries and the environment.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Hybrid nanofluid is a new class of nanoparticles engineered by dispersing two different nanoparticles into conventional heat transfer fluid as discussed by the authors, which can offer better heat transfer performance and thermo-physical properties than convectional heat transfer fluids (oil, water, and ethylene glycol) and single nanoparticles.
Abstract: Hybrid nanofluid is a new class of nanofluids engineered by dispersing two different nanoparticles into conventional heat transfer fluid. Hybrid nanofluids are potential fluids that offer better heat transfer performance and thermo-physical properties than convectional heat transfer fluids (oil, water and ethylene glycol) and nanofluids with single nanoparticles. Scientific findings have indicated that hybrid nanofluid can replace single nanofluid since it provides more heat transfer enhancement especially in the areas of automobile, electro-mechanical, manufacturing process, HVAC and solar energy. In this paper, we summarized the recent progress related to preparation methods of hybrid nanofluids, factors affecting their stability, methods of enhancing thermal properties and current applications of hybrid nanofluids. Finally, some challenging issues that need to be solved for future research are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art research on sustainable geopolymers for repairing deteriorated and damaged concrete structures as well as restoring their integrity is provided in this article.
Abstract: Environmentally sustainable repair materials with reduced carbon footprint have been in great demand by the construction industry worldwide. Gradual deterioration of concrete containing large quantities of Portland cement is inevitable, and requires repair or replacement. Numerous repair materials including cementitious mortars, polymer-modified cementitious mortars, resinous mortars, etc. have been utilized to rectify the problem. Cement-free geopolymer mortars prepared from waste materials with high content of silicate aluminum and alkaline activator solution are emerging as prominent sustainable repair materials. Geopolymer binders are preferred because they generate 70–80% less carbon dioxide with remarkably lesser greenhouse gas emissions than ordinary Portland cement. These new binders are highly sought-after due to their enhanced durability performance, sustainability, and environmental affability. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art research on sustainable geopolymers for repairing deteriorated and damaged concrete structures as well as restoring their integrity. Present challenges and future prospects of various geopolymer mortars as repair materials are emphasized.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used microwave pyrolysis of palm kernel shell as the selected OPW produced a biochar with zero sulphur content and high heating value that is nearly comparable to conventional coal, thus indicating its potential as an eco-friendly solid fuel.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a review on the application and use of decision making approaches in regard to energy management problems, from 1995 to 2015 in 72 important journals, which chosen from the Web of Science database and in this regard, the systematic and meta-analysis method called PRISMA has been proposed.
Abstract: Energy management problems associated with rapid institutional, political, technical, ecological, social and economic development have been of critical concern to both national and local governments worldwide for many decades; thus, addressing such issues is a global priority. The main of objective of this study is to provide a review on the application and use of decision making approaches in regard to energy management problems. This paper selected and reviewed 196 published papers, from 1995 to 2015 in 72 important journals related to energy management, which chosen from the “Web of Science” database and in this regard, the systematic and meta-analysis method which called “PRISMA” has been proposed. All published papers were categorized into 13 different fields: environmental impact assessment, waste management, sustainability assessment, renewable energy, energy sustainability, land management, green management topics, water resources management, climate change, strategic environmental assessment, construction and environmental management and other energy management areas. Furthermore, papers were categorized based on the authors, publication year, nationality of authors, region, technique and application, number of criteria, research purpose, gap and contribution, solution and modeling, results and findings. Hybrid MCDM and fuzzy MCDM in the integrated methods were ranked as the first methods in use. The Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review was the important journal in this paper, with 32 published papers. Finally, environmental impact assessment was ranked as the first area that applied decision making approaches. Results of this study acknowledge that decision making approaches can help decision makers and stakeholders in solving some problems under uncertainties situations in environmental decision making and these approaches have seen increasing interest among previous researchers to use these approaches in various steps of environmental decision making process.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the synergistic effect in plasmonic Au/Ag alloy NPs for selective photocatalytic CO 2 reduction with H 2 to CO and hydrocarbons under visible light irradiation was investigated.
Abstract: Plasmonic Au/Ag alloy NPs supported on TiO 2 nanowires (TiO 2 NWs) have been designed and synthesized through a facile hydrothermal and photo-deposition method. The samples were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, N 2 -adsorption-desorption, XPS, Raman, UV–vis and PL spectroscopy. Bimetallic Au/Ag NPs were presented over the TiO 2 NWs as an alloy, thus exhibited strong absorption of visible light due to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) excitation. The synergistic effect in plasmonic Au/Ag alloy NPs for selective photocatalytic CO 2 reduction with H 2 to CO and hydrocarbons under visible light irradiation was investigated. The present design of plasmonic Au/Ag NPs co-decorated TiO 2 NWs leads to remarkably enhanced photoactivity of CO 2 reduction to CO. The CO evolution rate as a main product over the Au-Ag alloy NPs coated TiO 2 NWs was 1813 μmole-g-catal. −1 h −1 at selectivity 98%. This amount was approximately 1.72 time larger comparing to Au-NPs/TiO 2 NWs, 1.84 fold more than the Ag-NPs/TiO 2 NWs, 72.52 fold than the TiO 2 NWs and 201 fold more than the amount of CO produced over the bare TiO 2 -NPs. This great enhancement can be attributed to synergistic effects in Au/Ag-NPs, enhanced visible light absorption due to Au-Ag alloy formation and improved charge separation in LSPR-excited TiO 2 NWs. In addition, turnover productivity is introduced to investigate the effect of operating parameters on the performance of photocatalysts. The plasmonic reaction mechanism of Au-Ag NPs in conjunction with LSPR excitation and charge transport to understand the reaction pathway is described.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A hybrid model is proposed to identify the most sustainable supplier with respect to the determined attributes using an Iranian textile manufacturing company as case study and the results show that economic aspect is still the most essential aspect, followed by environmental aspect and finally social aspect.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Overall, this review provides preliminary guidelines, research gaps and recommendations for developing a better and more user-friendly DG energy planning optimisation tool.
Abstract: An overview of numerical and mathematical modelling-based distributed generation (DG) system optimisation techniques is presented in this review paper. The objective is to compare different aspects of these two broad classes of DG optimisation techniques, explore their applications, and identify potential research directions from reviewed studies. Introductory descriptions of general electrical power system and DG system are first provided, followed by reviews on renewable resource assessment, load demand analysis, model formulation, and optimisation techniques. In renewable resource assessment model review, uncertain solar and wind energy resources are emphasised whereas applications of forecasting models have been highlighted based on their prediction horizons, computational power requirement, and training data intensity. For DG optimisation framework, (solar, wind and tidal) power generator, energy storage and energy balance models are discussed; in optimisation technique section, both numerical and mathematical modelling optimisation methods are reviewed, analysed and criticised with recommendations for their improvements. In overall, this review provides preliminary guidelines, research gaps and recommendations for developing a better and more user-friendly DG energy planning optimisation tool.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a review of the building electrical consumption forecasting methods which include the conventional and artificial intelligence (AI) methods, and the significant goal of this study is to review, recognize and analyse the performance of both methods for forecasting of electrical energy consumption.
Abstract: It is important for building owners and operators to manage the electrical energy consumption of their buildings. As electrical energy is the major form of energy consumed in a commercial building, the ability to forecast electrical energy consumption in a building will bring great benefits to the building owners and operators. This paper provides a review of the building electrical energy consumption forecasting methods which include the conventional and artificial intelligence (AI) methods. The significant goal of this study is to review, recognize, and analyse the performance of both methods for forecasting of electrical energy consumption. Compared to using a single method of forecasting, the hybrid of two forecasting methods can possibly be applied for more precise results. Regarding this potential, the swarm intelligence (SI) method has been reviewed to be hybridized with AI. Published literature presented in this paper shows that, the hybrid of SVM and SI methods has indeed presented superior performance for forecasting building electrical energy consumption.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the structures, morphologies, optical activity and antibacterial properties of Lanthanum (La) doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, High resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), Energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), UV-Visible, Photoluminescence (PL) analyzer.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, 3D printing technology is evaluated for its compatibility with porous ceramic materials, due to its competitive process in terms of speed and specific tooling, especially for good quality fabrication.
Abstract: 3D printing, alongside the rapidly advancing field of porous ceramics, is quickly expanding the horizon of what is going to be possible in the future. In this paper, 3D printing technology is evaluated for its compatibility with porous ceramic materials, due to its competitive process in terms of speed and specific tooling, especially for good quality fabrication. The paper reviews the capabilities of these new technology techniques for the fabrication of porous ceramic. The basic technology is the 3D printing techniques, which are used to fabricate porous green ceramic parts that are later sintered. Different ceramic materials are evaluated and the classification of different powders according to their 3D printing quality as well as material aspects is examined. The evaluation of 3D printing process in terms of the powders’ physical properties such as particle size, flowability and wettability is also discussed. The relationship between the different 3D printing parameters and the final printing outcome are assessed.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 2017-Cities
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a comparative analysis to provide a state-of-the-art review of the recent attempts towards mitigating the urban heat island (UHI) effect in Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, and Hong Kong.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an indicator framework for the evaluation of low carbon cities was established from the perspectives of economic, energy pattern, social and living, Carbon and Environment, Urban mobility, Solid waste, and Water.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel technique of automatic classification of single and hybrid PQDs using a novel technique PNN-ABC based optimal feature selection and parameter optimization for improving the performance of the classification system.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the application of different type of carbon-based nanomaterials in water and wastewater treatment is reviewed, and the role of carbon nanomorphs role in adsorption, disinfection and membrane separation mechanisms is discussed.
Abstract: Advanced science and technology based on carbon-based nanomaterials is experiencing a rapid rate of change in the performance capabilities to substitute or serve as alternative approaches for the existing technologies. One of the major environmental concerns is the water pollution by the heavy metals. Heavy metals in water are the main preoccupation for many years because of the toxicity towards aquatic-life, human beings and also the environment. In the context of water and wastewater treatment, significant numbers of breakthroughs have been achieved to drive accelerated change for ceaseless capability improvements. In this contribution, the unique features of promising carbon-based nanomaterials that have generated tremendous interest among the material researchers are described along with their potential applications in water and wastewater treatment. Carbon-based nanomaterials stand out to be one of the highly efficient nanomaterials due to it is a vast availability and lower production cost compared to other nanomaterials. This paper critically reviewed the application of different type of carbon-based nanomaterials in water and wastewater treatment. The carbon nanomaterials role in adsorption, disinfection and membrane separation mechanisms that enable the applications are discussed. Advantages and limitations as well as barriers and research needs are highlighted. Challenges include technical hurdles, high cost, and environmental and health risk.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 2017
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic review of methodologies and applications with recent fuzzy developments of two new MCDM utility determining approaches including step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) is presented.
Abstract: The Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) utility determining approaches and fuzzy sets are considered to be new development approaches, which have been recently presented, extended, and used by some scholars in area of decision making. There is a lack of research regarding to systematic literature review and classification of study about these approaches. Therefore; in the present study, the attempt is made to present a systematic review of methodologies and applications with recent fuzzy developments of two new MCDM utility determining approaches including Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) and the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) and fuzzy extensions which discussed in recent years. Regarding this, some major databases including Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar have been nominated and systematic and meta-analysis method which called “PRISMA” has been proposed. In addition, the selected articles were classified based on authors, the year of publication, journals and conferences names, the technique and method used, research objectives, research gap and problem, solution and modeling, and finally results and findings. The results of this study can assist decision-makers in handling information such as stakeholders’ preferences, interconnected or contradictory criteria and uncertain environments. In addition, findings of this study help to practitioners and academic for adopting the new MCDM utility techniques such as WASPAS and SWARA in different application areas and presenting insight into literature.