Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

About: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia is a education organization based out in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Membrane & Control theory. The organization has 21644 authors who have published 39500 publications receiving 520635 citations.

Immobilization of cellulase enzyme on functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes

Abstract: For the past decades, the global trends in the demand of cellulase has been arisen due to its extensive range of applications in food and agriculture industry, and its potential use in the fermentation of biomass into biofuels. However, the instability, highly solubility in water, low catalytic efficiency and high cost of enzyme has become the main obstacles for the development of large scale operations and applications. In this study, cellulase enzyme was immobilized onto functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via physical adsorption method to yield a stable and ease of separate enzyme. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) are used to confirm the successful immobilization of cellulase enzyme. In this approach, the efficiency of enzyme immobilization reaches an optimal value when 4 mg/mL enzyme concentration is used in which approximately 97% enzyme loading can be attained. Based on the UV–visible spectroscopy analysis, the optimum reaction conditions for immobilized cellulase are at pH 5 and a temperature of 50 °C. Results have revealed that MWCNT–cellulase composite still retained 52% of its cellulase activity after six cycles of the CMC analysis. This feature is beneficial to the industrial applications because of its potential to be easily separated from the end product at the end of the reaction, reuse for multiple times and allow the development of multiple enzyme reaction system.

Advantage and drawback of support vector machine functionality

Abstract: Support Vector Machine(SVM)is one of the most efficient machine learning algorithms, which is mostly used for pattern recognition since its introduction in 1990s. SVMs vast variety of usage, such as face and speech recognition, face detection and image recognition has turned it into a very useful algorithm. This has also been applied to many pattern classification problems such as image recognition, speech recognition, text categorization, face detection, and faulty card detection.Statistics was collected from journals and electronic sources published in the period of 2000 to 2013. Pattern recognition aims to classify data based on either a priori knowledge or statistical information extracted from raw data, which is a powerful tool in data separation in many disciplines. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a kind of algorithms in biometrics. It is a statistics technical and used orthogonal transformation to convert a set of observations of possibly correlated variables into a set of values of linearly uncorrelated variables.

Red blood cell segmentation using masking and watershed algorithm: A preliminary study

Abstract: Image segmentation is the most important step and a key technology in image processing which directly affect the next processing. In human blood cell segmentation cases, many methods were applied for obtaining better results. It is basically an improved visualization to observe blood cell under blood smear process. This paper will present an approach for red blood cell (RBC) segmentation which is a part of study to perform automated counting for RBC. The methods involve are Ycbcr color conversion, masking, morphological operators and watershed algorithm. The combination of Ycbcr color conversion and morphological operator produce segmented white blood cell (WBC) nucleus. Then it is being used as a mask to remove WBC from the blood cell image. Morphological operators involve binary erosion diminish small object like platelet. The resulted RBC segmentation is passing through marker controlled watershed algorithm which handles overlapping cells. The improvement need to be done for both segmentation and overlapped cell handling to obtain better result in the future.