Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

About: Universiti Teknologi Malaysia is a education organization based out in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Membrane & Control theory. The organization has 21644 authors who have published 39500 publications receiving 520635 citations.

Understanding Plagiarism Linguistic Patterns, Textual Features, and Detection Methods

Abstract: Plagiarism can be of many different natures, ranging from copying texts to adopting ideas, without giving credit to its originator. This paper presents a new taxonomy of plagiarism that highlights differences between literal plagiarism and intelligent plagiarism, from the plagiarist's behavioral point of view. The taxonomy supports deep understanding of different linguistic patterns in committing plagiarism, for example, changing texts into semantically equivalent but with different words and organization, shortening texts with concept generalization and specification, and adopting ideas and important contributions of others. Different textual features that characterize different plagiarism types are discussed. Systematic frameworks and methods of monolingual, extrinsic, intrinsic, and cross-lingual plagiarism detection are surveyed and correlated with plagiarism types, which are listed in the taxonomy. We conduct extensive study of state-of-the-art techniques for plagiarism detection, including character n-gram-based (CNG), vector-based (VEC), syntax-based (SYN), semantic-based (SEM), fuzzy-based (FUZZY), structural-based (STRUC), stylometric-based (STYLE), and cross-lingual techniques (CROSS). Our study corroborates that existing systems for plagiarism detection focus on copying text but fail to detect intelligent plagiarism when ideas are presented in different words.

A critical review on TiO2 based photocatalytic CO2 reduction system: Strategies to improve efficiency

Abstract: The massive burning of fossil fuels to fulfill the augmenting energy demands of world have triggered the ever-increasing emission of carbon dioxide (CO2); the main cause of global warming. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into solar fuels and chemicals using everlasting solar energy seems promising technology to contemporaneously curb the globa1 warming and partially fulfill the energy requirements. This study focused on understanding the main challenges in photocatalytic CO2 reduction systems and strategies to improve the efficiency of solar fuels production. The overview of fundamentals and latest developments in titania (TiO2) based photocatalytic CO2 reduction systems have been discussed. More specifically, thermodynamics, mass transfer, selectivity and reaction mechanism of photocatalytic CO2 reduction are critically deliberated. In the main stream, developments have been categorized as strategies to enhance the different aspects such as visible light response, charge separation, CO2 adsorption and morphology of photo-catalysts for TiO2 based photocatalytic CO2 reduction systems. Different modification techniques to overcome the low efficiency by fabricating advance TiO2 nanocomposites through surface modifications, doping of metals, non-metals and semiconductor are discussed. The challenges lingering on against achieving the higher photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into solar fuels are also investigated. In conclusion, brief perspectives and recommendations on the development of efficient photocatalysts are outlined which would be of vital importance for the improvements of conversion efficiency of CO2 reduction system.