University at Buffalo

About: University at Buffalo is a education organization based out in Buffalo, New York, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 33773 authors who have published 63840 publications receiving 2278954 citations. The organization is also known as: UB & State University of New York at Buffalo.

The nuclear matrix: a structural milieu for genomic function.

Abstract: While significant progress has been made in elucidating molecular properties of specific genes and their regulation, our understanding of how the whole genome is coordinated has lagged behind. To understand how the genome functions as a coordinated whole, we must understand how the nucleus is put together and functions as a whole. An important step in that direction occurred with the isolation and characterization of the nuclear matrix. Aside from the plethora of functional properties associated with these isolated nuclear structures, they have enabled the first direct examination and molecular cloning of specific nuclear matrix proteins. The isolated nuclear matrix can be used for providing an in vitro model for understanding nuclear matrix organization in whole cells. Recent development of high-resolution and three-dimensional approaches for visualizing domains of genomic organization and function in situ has provided corroborative evidence for the nuclear matrix as the site of organization for replication, transcription, and post-transcriptional processing. As more is learned about these in situ functional sites, appropriate experiments could be designed to test molecular mechanisms with the in vitro nuclear matrix systems. This is illustrated in this chapter by the studies of nuclear matrix-associated DNA replication which have evolved from biochemical studies of in vitro nuclear matrix systems toward three-dimensional computer image analysis of replication sites for individual genes.

Catalytic Conversion of Methane to Synthesis Gas by Partial Oxidation and CO2 Reforming

Abstract: The preparation of synthesis gas from natural gas, which is the most important step in the gas-to-liquid transformation, has attracted increasing attention in the last decade. Steam reforming, partial oxidation, and CO 2 reforming are the three major processes that can be employed to prepare synthesis gas. Because steam reforming was reviewed recently in this series [Adv. Catal. 47 (2002) 65], this chapter deals only with the latter two processes. The history of the development of methane conversion to synthesis gas is summarized as an introduction to the partial oxidation of methane, which is reviewed with emphasis on hot spots in reactors, major developments in the reduction of O 2 separation costs, and reaction mechanisms. The various catalysts employed in CO 2 reforming are examined, with emphasis on inhibition of carbon deposition.

Conscious Sedation Versus General Anesthesia During Endovascular Therapy for Acute Anterior Circulation Stroke Preliminary Results From a Retrospective, Multicenter Study

Abstract: Background and Purpose— Patients undergoing intra-arterial therapy (IAT) for acute ischemic stroke receive either general anesthesia (GA) or conscious sedation. GA may delay time to treatment, whereas conscious sedation may result in patient movement and compromise the safety of the procedure. We sought to determine whether there were differences in safety and outcomes in GA patients before initiation of IAT. Methods— A cohort of 980 patients at 12 stroke centers underwent IAT for acute stroke between 2005 and 2009. Only patients with anterior circulation strokes due to large-vessel occlusion were included in the study. A binary logistic-regression model was used to determine independent predictors of good outcome and death. Results— The mean age was 66±15 years and median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 17 (interquartile range, 13–20). The overall recanalization rate was 68% and the symptomatic hemorrhage rate was 9.2%. GA was used in 44% of patients with no differences in intracrani...

Catalytic Asymmetric C−H Activation of Alkanes and Tetrahydrofuran

Abstract: Rhodium carbenoids derived from methyl aryldiazoacetates are capable of effective catalytic asymmetric C−H activation of a range of alkanes and tetrahydrofuran by a C−H insertion mechanism. Dirhodium tetrakis(S-(N-dodecylbenzenesulfonyl)prolinate) (Rh2(S-DOSP)4) catalyzed decomposition of methyl aryldiazoacetates in the presence of alkanes results in intermolecular C−H insertions with good control of regioselectivity, diastereoselectivity, and enantioselectivity. The carbenoids derived from methyl aryldiazoacetates are considerably more chemoselective than carbenoids derived from diazoacetates. They strongly favor C−H insertions into secondary and tertiary sites. Formation of side products due to carbene dimerization is not a major problem with rhodium carbenoids derived from aryldiazoacetates.

Well-Being Therapy: Conceptual and Technical Issues

Abstract: Well-being therapy is a short-term, well-being-enhancing psychotherapeutic strategy. It is based on Carol D. Ryff’s multidimensional model of psychological well-being, encompassing environmental maste