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Showing papers by "University College Cork published in 1976"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, aseptic, chemically acidified (GDL) and starter cheese made under controlled bacteriological conditions (i.e. free of non-starter micro-organisms) was measured by gel electrophoresis, the formation of pH 4·6- and 12% TCA-soluble N, gel filtration and the liberation of free amino acids.
Abstract: Proteolysis in aseptic, chemically acidified (GDL) cheese and in starter cheese made under controlled bacteriological conditions (i.e. free of non-starter micro-organisms) was measured by gel electrophoresis, the formation of pH 4·6- and 12% TCA-soluble N, gel filtration and the liberation of free amino acids. The results show that rennet was mainly responsible for the level of proteolysis detected by gel electrophoresis, pH 4·6-soluble N and gel filtration i.e. large, medium and small peptides. However, rennet alone was capable of producing only a limited range of free amino acids; only methionine, histidine, glycine, serine and glutamic acid were produced at quantifiable levels (> 0·2 μmoles/g) in GDL cheese; it is suggested that free amino acids in Cheddar cheese are mainly the result of microbial peptidase activity. The levels of free amino acids in the starter cheese were considerably lower than values reported for commercial Cheddar.

144 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Hartree-Fock results also support an explanation of the irregular quantum defects and remarkable breadths of the lines assigned to the 2p $\rightarrow $ 3d transition as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The Ca I absorption spectrum has been photographed between 10 and 120 angstrom for the first time. At least seven discrete features-all attributable to excitation of the 2p subshell - have been observed. Identifications are made by comparison with Hartree-Fock calculations. The Hartree-Fock results also support an explanation of the irregular quantum defects and remarkable breadths of the lines assigned to the 2p $\rightarrow $ 3d transition.

40 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, Commutativity in Finite Rings is studied in the context of finite rings, and the authors show that it is commutative in finite rings with respect to finite rings.
Abstract: (1976). Commutativity in Finite Rings. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 83, No. 1, pp. 30-32.

39 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Ovine and caprine milks showed a marked stability maximum at ~ pH7 in their heat-stability/pH curves, but became very unstable at higher pH values as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Ovine and caprine milks showed a marked stability maximum at ~ pH7 in their heat-stability/pH curves, but became very unstable at higher pH values. A low level of κ-casein appears to be responsible for this low stability of ovine milk; β-lactoglobulin offsets the stabilizing influence of κ-casein at lower pH values. Removal of colloidal calcium phosphate from ovine or caprine milks had very little influence on their heat stabilities and it was necessary to reduce the concentration of soluble salts to a very low level before an effect was observed. At the pH of maximum stability ovine and caprine milks, although quite variable, had stabilities in the same range as bovine milks. Equine milk was very unstable to heat and the shape of the heat-stability/pH curve of most individual samples was similar to ovine and caprine milks.

38 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the formation and reduction of anodic films on bright ruthenium was investigated using substrates prepared by electrodeposition onto gold-plated platinum from a commercial RUB bath operated at 70°C.

38 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that current uncertainty of belief in a God and infrequent attendance at religious services are more important factors in promoting alcohol use than being brought up a Roman Catholic.
Abstract: To examine cigarette, alcohol and drug use among undergraduates in Cork a precoded questionnaire was mailed to one in seven (458) students, chosen systematically. The response rate was 97%. Religious belief and practice was significantly associated with pattern of drinking behaviour, attitude to alcohol use, marijuana, L.S.D., barbiturate or amphetamine experience and cigarette smoking. It is suggested that current uncertainty of belief in a God and infrequent attendance at religious services are more important factors in promoting alcohol use than being brought up a Roman Catholic. The nature of practices considered serious misdemeanours was significantly associated with religious belief and practice, pattern of drinking behaviour, attitude to alcohol use, marijuana, cigarette smoking. These associations allowed separation of two overlapping groups, one of which was tradition-directed and other which swung towards a more liberal and unstructured life style.

27 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the β-lg:κ-casein interaction was attributed mainly to a β-Lg-κ casein interaction, and it was concluded that milks which are destabilized by forewarming generally give a type A response (minimum in the pH-heat stability curves) and that preheat-stable milks generally gave a type B curve.
Abstract: Addition of isolated κ-casein to milk reduced the destabilizing influence of forewarming, while the addition of isolated β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) to the κ-casein-enriched systems resulted in a loss in stability on forewarming. This effect was ascribed mainly to a β-lg:κ-casein interaction. Some individual milks were unaffected by forewarming while others were markedly destabilized by the same treatment. Addition of Ca 2+ + Mg 2+ and interchanging of milk sera by dialysis influenced stability. It is concluded that milks which are destabilized by forewarming generally give a type A response (minimum in the pH–heat stability curves) and that preheat-stable milks generally give a type B curve (no minimum).

18 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Three isolations of a virus of the Hughes group were obtained from seabird ectoparasites, Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) maritimus, on Great Saltee Island, Ireland, and represents the second recorded tickborne arbovirus in Ireland.
Abstract: Three isolations of a virus of the Hughes group were obtained from seabird ectoparasites,Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) maritimus, on Great Saltee Island, Ireland. The agent is closely related to Soldado virus, originally obtained from related ticks near Trinidad, West Indies, and represents the second recorded tickborne arbovirus in Ireland.

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two forms of adenosine deaminase (adenosine aminohydrolase, EC 3.4 and 3.5) have been purified and obtained in homogeneous form from rabbit intestine with similar pH optima and pH stability ranges.

11 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For an exponential processing-time distribution, an expression for the mean response time of a job conditioned on the service it requires and the number of jobs in the system on its arrival is found.
Abstract: We study the round-robin system in the limiting case when the quantum of service shrinks to zero. For an exponential processing-time distribution, we find an expression for the mean response time of a job conditioned on the service it requires and the number of jobs in the system on its arrival. Comparison is made with other queue disciplines.

9 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of applying trifluralin or nitralin combination with simazine, atrazine, prometryne and linuron to the upper 5-cm root region of vetch (Vicia sativa L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and soybean (Glycine max) were investigated.
Abstract: Summary: The effects on plant growth of applying trifluralin or nitralin combination with simazine, atrazine, prometryne and linuron to the upper 5-cm root region of vetch (Vicia sativa L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and soybean (Glycine max) were investigated. Foliar injury due to herbicides of the second group was markedly reduced in each species by simultaneous treatment with trifluralin or nitralin both of which inhibited lateral root growth without affecting aerial plant growth or tap root extension growth. This inhibition of lateral root growth in roots treated with trifluralin or nitralin was associated with reduced uptake and subsequent transport to the foliage of 14C-labelled simazine in vetch and pea and 14C-labelled atrazine in soybean. This probably accounted for the reduction in simazine and atrazine phytotoxicity. In the presence of trifluralin or nitralin comparatively higher amounts of radioactivity were retained in the roots of pea and soybean and this reduced the amount of 14C available for transport to the foliage. This was not evident in vetch. Resume: Interactions entre les herbicides appliques sur le sol dans les racines de quelques especes de legumineuses. Les effets sur la croissance des plantes d'une application de trifluraline ou de nitraline associee avec la simazine, l'atrazine, la prometryne et le linuron dans les 5 premiers cm de la region des racines de la vesce (Vicia sativa L.) du pois (Pisum sativum L.) et du soja (Glycine max) ont eteetudiees. Des dommages foliaires dus aux herbicides du second groupe onte ete notablement reduits dans chaque espece par un traitement avec la trifluraline ou avec la nitraline, qui inhibent toutes deux la croissance des racines laterales sans affecter la croissance de la partie aerienne, ni l'extension des ramifications des racines. Cette inhibition de la croissance des racines laterales dans les racines traitees avec la trifluraline ou la nitraline a ete associee avec une absorption reduite et une migration ulterieure vers le feuillage de la simazine marquee au 14C chez la vesec et le pois, et de l'atrazine marquee au 14C chez le soja. Ceci rend probablment compte de la reduction de la phytotoxicite de la simazine et de l'atrazine. En presence de trifluraline ou de nitraline, des quantites comparativement plus grandes de radioactivite ont ete retenues dans les racines de pois et de soja et ceci a reduit la quantite de 14C disponible pour la migration vers le feuillage. Ceci n'a pas eteevident chez la vesce. Zusammenfassung Wechselwirkungen zwischen Bodenherbiziden in den Wurzeln einiger Leguminosenarten Es wurde die Wirkung untersucht, die Trifluralin oder Nitralin in Kombination mit Simazin, Atrazin, Prometryn und Linuron auf die obersten 5 cm der Wurzelregion von Wicke (Vicia sativa L.), Erbse (Pisum sativum L.) und Sojabohne (Glycine max) hat. Blattschaden durch die Herbizide der zweiten Gruppe wurden bei jeder Pflanzenart deutlich verringert, wenn gleichzeitig mit Trifluralin oder Nitralin behandelt worden war. Trifluralin und Nitralin hemmten das Wachstum der Lateralwurzeln ohne dabei das Wachstum der oberirdischen Pflanzenteile und der Pfahlwurzel zu beeinflussen. Die Hemmung des lateralen Wur-zelwachtums bei Wurzeln die mit Trifluralin und Nitralin behandelt wurden, war mit einer reduzierten Aufnahme und Transport von 14C-Simazin in die Blatter bei Wicke und Erbse und von 14C-Atrazin bei der Sojabohne verbunden. Das erklart vermutlich die verminderte Phytotoxizitat von Simazin und Atrazin. In Gegenwart von Trifluralin oder Nitralin wurde vergleichsweise mehr Radioaktivatat in den Erbsen- und Sojabohnenwurzeln zuruckgehalten, was die verfugbare Menge an 14C fur den Transport in die Blatter reduzierte. Bei der Wicke war das nicht festzustellen.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comparison of the intake of the major nutrients with the recommended daily intakes of these nutrients indicates that the population as a whole is changing its preferences with respect to the major foodstuffs.
Abstract: Using data obtained from the Irish Statistical Bulletin (1972) we have calculated changes in the meanper capita daily consumption of the major foodstuffs and nutrients from 1961 to 1971. A comparison of the intake of the major nutrients with the recommended daily intakes of these nutrients indicates that the populationas a whole is (i) changing its preferences with respect to the major foodstuffs, the consumption of bread, flour and potatoes being considerably reduced while pigmeat, beef and margarine consumption is increased; (ii) consuming a mixture of protein from vegetable and animal sources which is “ideal”; (iii) receiving the recommended dietary allowance of the principal nutrients with the exception of vitamin D and the minerals sodium and magnesium, from the 13 principal foodstuffs in the diet and (iv) receiving an increasing amount of its daily caloric intake from animal fat.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an induction motor operation with a six-step inverter supply is analyzed in a manner suitable for existing courses in electrical machines, and steady harmonic torques and harmonic losses are examined by the equivalent circuit approach.
Abstract: Induction motor operation with a six-step inverter supply is analysed in a manner suitable for existing courses in electrical machines. Steady harmonic torques and harmonic losses are examined by the equivalent circuit approach. The two-axis model is used to determine instantaneous torque and current waveforms and to study transient conditions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Abnormal glucose tolerance was found in five of 14 consecutive patients in the icteric phase of acute non-fulminant viral hepatitis, and the deranged carbohydrate meabolism probably reflects a combination of stress and viral infection.
Abstract: Abnormal glucose tolerance was found in five of 14 consecutive patients in the icteric phase of acute non-fulminant viral hepatitis. Two had a subnormal insulin response in the icteric phase of their illness. The abnormality in glucose tolerance was transient and all five showed a normal response to oral glucose when their jaundice had cleared. Transient abnormalities of glucose tolerance are common in patients with viral hepatitis. True fasting hypoglycaemia was not observed in this series. The deranged carbohydrate meabolism probably reflects a combination of stress and viral infection.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cytogenetic findings are outlined, as far as they relate to the possible hybrid origin of Columnea querceti Oersted, to show that a hybrid origin is not impossible because there is a precedent for natural hybridization within the genus.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A controlled experiment on palpation of axillary nodes is described and used to highlight the defects of staging carcinoma of the breast by this method.
Abstract: A controlled experiment on palpation of axillary nodes is described and used to highlight the defects of staging carcinoma of the breast by this method. A plea is made for a more rational method to be employed in this condition.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The basic principles of the modern dc-link static frequency converter are outlined, and the implementation of a digital simulation of a complete drive system is described, which uses the IBM Continuous System Model ing Program.
Abstract: Simulation techniques are very useful in designing static adjustable-frequency ac drive systems and in evaluating alternative control strategies for them. This paper outlines the basic principles of the modern dc-link static frequency converter, and then describes the implementation of a digital simulation of a complete drive system. The principal components of the drive are programmed as FORTRAN subroutines. The main program uses the IBM Continuous System Model ing Program (CSMP), which is translated into FORTRAN and combined with the FORTRAN subroutines.Harmonics in the output waveform of the frequency converter can cause design and operating problems under steady-state as well as transient conditions. These problems are discussed and illustrated by results from simulation runs.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two forms of adenosine deaminase previously purified from rabbit intestine were shown to have similar isoelectric points and relative substrate specificities, but differed in their electrophoretic mobilities, activation energies, arnino acid compositions and K m values.



Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1976
TL;DR: In this article, the use of subharmonically pumped mixers incorporating low capacitance diodes appears to offer a solution to the problem of insufficient LO pump power at submillimeter wavelengths.
Abstract: Mixer performance at submillimeter wavelengths is currently limited by insufficient LO pump power. The use of subharmonically pumped mixers incorporating low capacitance diodes appears to offer a solution.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Using pedicled left colon for reconstruction of the pharynx following resection for carcinoma was able to restore normal swallowing within three weeks in five of 11 patients with extensive disease.
Abstract: Using pedicled left colon for reconstruction of the pharynx following resection for carcinoma, we were able to restore normal swallowing within three weeks in five of 11 patients with extensive disease. Since only one of these has been a long term survivor this represents very useful palliation as it is of paramount importance in these patients with short survival times to restore normal swallowing as early as possible.